Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), statin, and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor on the development of kidney, prostate, and urothelial cancers by analyzing the Korean National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) database.
Materials and Methods
Among a representative sample cohort of 1,025,340 participants in NHIS-NSC database in 2002, we extracted data of 799,850 individuals who visited the hospital more than once, and finally included 321,122 individuals aged 40 and older. Following a 1-year washout period between 2002 and 2003, we analyzed 143,870 (male), 320,861 and 320,613 individuals for evaluating the risk of prostate cancer, kidney cancer and urothelial cancer developments, respectively, during 10-year follow-up periods between 2004 and 2013. The medication group consisted of patients prescribed these drugs more than 60% of the time in 2003. To adjustfor various parameters of the patients, a multivariate Cox regression model was adopted.
Results
During 10-year follow-up periods between 2004 and 2013, 9,627 (6.7%), 1,107 (0.4%), and 2,121 (0.7%) patients were diagnosed with prostate cancer, kidney cancer, and urothelial cancer, respectively. Notably, multivariate analyses revealed that NSAIDs significantly increased the risk of prostate cancer (hazard ratio [HR], 1.35). Also, it was found that aspirin (HR, 1.28) and statin (HR, 1.55) elevated the risk of kidney cancer. No drugs were associated with the risk of urothelial cancer.
Conclusion
In sum, our study provides the valuable information for the impact of aspirin, NSAID, statin, and COX-2 inhibitor on the risk of prostate, kidney, and urothelial cancer development and its survival outcomes.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Association between Statin Use and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with De Novo Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Propensity Score-weighted Analysis Tzu Shuang Chen, Hui Ying Liu, Yin Lun Chang, Yao Chi Chuang, Yen Ta Chen, Yu Li Su, Chun Chieh Huang, Yen Ting Wu, Hung Jen Wang, Hao Lun Luo The World Journal of Men's Health.2024; 42(3): 630. CrossRef
Establishment of Prospective Registry of Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer: The Korean Urological Oncology Society Database Gyoohwan Jung, Jung Kwon Kim, Seong Soo Jeon, Jae Hoon Chung, Cheol Kwak, Chang Wook Jeong, Hanjong Ahn, Jae Young Joung, Tae Gyun Kwon, Sung Woo Park, Seok-Soo Byun The World Journal of Men's Health.2023; 41(1): 110. CrossRef
Evaluation of statin use and renal cell carcinoma risk identifies sex-specific associations with RCC subtypes Irmina Maria Michalek, Rebecca E. Graff, Alejandro Sanchez, Toni K. Choueiri, Eunyoung Cho, Mark A. Preston, Kathryn M. Wilson Acta Oncologica.2023; 62(9): 988. CrossRef
Effect of aspirin on incidence, recurrence, and mortality in prostate cancer patients: integrating evidence from randomized controlled trials and real-world studies Shaodi Ma, Weihang Xia, Birong Wu, Chenyu Sun, Yuemeng Jiang, Haixia Liu, Scott Lowe, Zhen Zhou, Peng Xie, Juan Gao, Linya Feng, Xianwei Guo, Guangbo Qu, Yehuan Sun European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.2023; 79(11): 1475. CrossRef
Evidence on Statins, Omega-3, and Prostate Cancer: A Narrative Review Hwanik Kim, Jung Kwon Kim The World Journal of Men's Health.2022; 40(3): 412. CrossRef
The Association of Prediagnostic Statin Use with Aggressive Prostate Cancer from the Multiethnic Cohort Study Fei Chen, Peggy Wan, Lynne R. Wilkens, Loïc Le Marchand, Christopher A. Haiman Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.2022; 31(5): 999. CrossRef
Aspirin and the risk of nondigestive tract cancers: An updated meta‐analysis to 2019 Claudia Santucci, Silvano Gallus, Marco Martinetti, Carlo La Vecchia, Cristina Bosetti International Journal of Cancer.2021; 148(6): 1372. CrossRef
Association between depression and risk of Parkinson's disease in South Korean adults Wonjeong Jeong, Hyunkyu Kim, Jae Hong Joo, Sung-In Jang, Eun-Cheol Park Journal of Affective Disorders.2021; 292: 75. CrossRef
Can Aspirin Use Be Associated With the Risk or Prognosis of Bladder Cancer? A Case-Control Study and Meta-analytic Assessment Bo Fan, Alradhi Mohammed, Yuanbin Huang, Hong Luo, Hongxian Zhang, Shenghua Tao, Weijiao Xu, Qian Liu, Tao He, Huidan Jin, Mengfan Sun, Man Sun, Zhifei Yun, Rui Zhao, Guoyu Wu, Xiancheng Li Frontiers in Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Association Between Genetically Proxied Lipid-Lowering Drug Targets and Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Mendelian Randomization Study Luyang Liu, Chao Sheng, Zhangyan Lyu, Hongji Dai, Kexin Chen Frontiers in Nutrition.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Associations of low-dose aspirin or other NSAID use with prostate cancer risk in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health Study Charlotte Skriver, Christian Dehlendorff, Michael Borre, Klaus Brasso, Signe Benzon Larsen, Anne Tjønneland, Anton Pottegård, Jesper Hallas, Henrik Toft Sørensen, Søren Friis Cancer Causes & Control.2020; 31(2): 139. CrossRef
Impact of Concomitant Medication Use and Immune-Related Adverse Events on Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Shipra Gandhi, Manu Pandey, Nischala Ammannagari, Chong Wang, Mark J Bucsek, Lamya Hamad, Elizabeth Repasky, Marc S Ernstoff Immunotherapy.2020; 12(2): 141. CrossRef
Risks of solid cancers in elderly persons with osteoarthritis or ankylosing spondylitis Michael M Ward, Sara Alehashemi Rheumatology.2020; 59(12): 3817. CrossRef
Complex roles of the old drug aspirin in cancer chemoprevention and therapy Hui Hua, Hongying Zhang, Qingbin Kong, Jiao Wang, Yangfu Jiang Medicinal Research Reviews.2019; 39(1): 114. CrossRef
Establishment of the Seoul National University Prospectively Enrolled Registry for Genitourinary Cancer (SUPER-GUC): A prospective, multidisciplinary, bio-bank linked cohort and research platform Chang Wook Jeong, Jungyo Suh, Hyeong Dong Yuk, Bum Sik Tae, Miso Kim, Bhumsuk Keam, Jin Ho Kim, Sang Youn Kim, Jeong Yeon Cho, Seung Hyup Kim, Kyung Chul Moon, Gi Jeong Cheon, Ja Hyeon Ku, Hyeon Hoe Kim, Cheol Kwak Investigative and Clinical Urology.2019; 60(4): 235. CrossRef
The impact of acute inflammation on progression and metastasis in pancreatic cancer animal model Keun Soo Ahn, Ji Yeon Hwang, Ho-Seong Han, Sang Tae Kim, Ilseon Hwang, Young-Ok Chun Surgical Oncology.2018; 27(1): 61. CrossRef
Prostate cancer multifocality, the index lesion, and the microenvironment Rafael R. Tourinho-Barbosa, Jean de la Rosette, Rafael Sanchez-Salas Current Opinion in Urology.2018; 28(6): 499. CrossRef
Intake of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and the Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis Zhenhua Shang, Xue Wang, Hao Yan, Bo Cui, Qi Wang, Jiangtao Wu, Xin Cui, Jin Li, Tongwen Ou, Kun Yang Frontiers in Oncology.2018;[Epub] CrossRef