Cancer Research and Treatment

Prognostic Role of Rb, p16, Cyclin D1 Proteins in Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Byoung Yong Shim, Jinyoung Yoo, Yeon-Soo Lee, Young Sun Hong, Hoon-Kyo Kim, Jin-Hyoung Kang; Cancer Res Treat. 2010;42(3):144-150. Published online September 30, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2010.42.3.144

Purpose

The aim of this study was to determine the expressions of Rb, p16, and cyclin D1 in soft tissue sarcomas, and we also wanted to identify the prognostic factors according to the clinicalpathologic features.

Materials and Methods

We reviewed the charts and radiographic films of 66 sarcoma patients. Tissue samples were collected from these patients. Immunochemistry was performed using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples to examine the expressions of p16, Rb, and cyclin D1 proteins.

Results

The median duration of overall survival was 47.8 months (range, 20.0 to 70.7 months) and the 5 years survival rate was 39%. As for the correlation between the degree of immunohistochemical staining for Rb protein and the histological tumor grades, there was a significant difference with a p-value of 0.019. However, no significant correlation was shown for p16 and cyclin D1. The overall survival duration of the Rb negative group (staining cell <20%) and the heterogeneous group (cell staining 20 to 80%) was 53.5±6.6 months and the overall survival duration of the Rb homogeneous group was 18.3±6.4 months, and there was a significant difference with a p-value of 0.016. However, no significant difference was shown between the survival rate according to the p16 and cyclin D1 expressions. On the multivariate analysis that was done with Rb, p16, the tumor size, grade and site, and patient age, the Rb gene expression was the most significant independent prognostic factor with a risk ratio of 3.01 (p=0.04).

Conclusion

The expression of Rb protein was correlated with the histologic grade and overall survival of patients with soft tissue sarcomas.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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Jaffar Khan, Liang Cheng, Michael G. House, Shunhua Guo
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Yu Jin Kim, Mingi Kim, Hyung Kyu Park, Dan Bi Yu, Kyungsoo Jung, Kyoung Song, Yoon-La Choi
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Gang Lin, Yue Lou
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Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Tegafur Administered with Epirubicin and Cisplatin in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer: Jin Hyung Kang, Yoo Lim Kim, Hea Kyoung Cho, Eun Sook Lee, Soo Jin Cha, Young Sun Hong, Kyung Shik Lee, Hyo Jeong Kuh; Cancer Res Treat. 2003;35(3):224-231. Published online June 30, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2003.35.3.224

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Tegafur, an oral prodrug of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), has been used in the treatment of gastric cancers. UFT (tegafur + uracil) has been developed to enhance the efficacy of tegafur. This study was conducted to assess the pharmacokinetics (PK) of tegafur in gastric cancer patients given the ECU-E regimen (epirubicin, cisplatin, UFT-E, an enteric-coated formula of UFT). A preliminary evaluation of antitumor efficacy and toxicity of ECU-E regimen was also performed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of the 32 gastric cancer patients registered for the ECU-E regimen, 8 participated in the PK study. The plasma concentration of tegafur was determined using HPLC. RESULTS: Seven out of the 8 patients were evaluable for response after 2 cycles, and showed 3 partial responses, 1 stable disease and 3 progressive diseases. No major toxicities were observed. Plasma profiles of the tegafur after the first dose showed significant differences in the amount and rate of absorption, i.e., rapid absorption group vs. slow absorption group. The level of C(max) in the rapid absorption group was 1.8 fold higher, and the AUC(0-5h) 4 fold greater, than those in the slow absorption group, nonetheless, the steady state concentrations showed no significant difference. These data indicate that the different absorption rates may not affect the overall exposure to tegafur. The patients with low Cp(ss, peak) showed poor efficacy compared to those with high Cp(ss, peak), suggesting that the concentration of tegafur may be one of the pharmacodynamic determinants in patients administered with ECU-E. CONCLUSION: This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics of tegafur in gastric patients given the ECU-E regimen, and provides preliminary data on the relationship between the plasma tegafur level and the efficacy, which warrants further evaluation.

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A Case of Triple-Alkylating Regimen and Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation for a Patient with Relapsed Ovarian Carcinoma: Jun Mo Lee, Seok Goo Cho, Jin No Park, Young Sun Hong, Hoon Kyo Kim, Sung Eun Namkoong, Kyung Shick Lee, Chun Choo Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(4):817-821.

Abstract PDF: Despite an aggressive surgical debulking followed by front-line chemotherapy, most patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma die of drug-resistant disease. Drug resistance can be overcome in a subset of patients with hematologic malignancies and lymphoma with high-dose therapy (HDT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, suggesting that this therapy may also be value in ovarian carcinoma. We report the successful outcome of HDT and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) in a 41-year-old nulliparous woman who initially was diagnosed with advanced ovarian carcicnoma with FIGO stage IIIc. Her disease relapsed after 19 months from initial therapy of definitive surgery and intra- and post-operative chemotherapy. Subsequently, she received optimal debulking surgery and salvage chemotherapy followed by HDT with triple- alkylating regimen, composed of cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg), thiotepa (500 mg/m2), and melphalan (100 mg/m2). Her pretranplant characteristics were platinum-sensitive and complete response state. She showed rapid hematologic recovery and mild regimen-related toxicity (Bear man's toxicity criteria), stomatitis (grade I), cardiac toxicitiy (grade II). She has been followed up for 36 months after the inital therapy and is doing well without relapse.

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Comparison of Tropisetron with Ondansetron in the Prevention of Cisplatin-induced Nausea and Vomiting: Kyung Shick Lee, Ji Youn Han, Hanlim Moon, Bok Kun Lee, Seok Goo Cho, Jong Youl Jin, Young Sun Hong, Hoon Kyo Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(2):332-339.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Tropisetron (Nabovan (R)) is a new specific 5-HT3 receptor antagonist with a long terminal half life in plasma and high bioavailability after oral intake. We compared the antiemetic effectiveness and tolerability of tropisetron with ondansetron in the highly emetogenic chemotherapy (including cisplatin > or =50 mg/m2).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-nine patients were administered in a randomized, multicenter, open, cross-over study and received either tropisetron plus dexamethasone (n=31) or ondansetron plus dexamethasone (n=34) during six days of two successive cycles of chemotherapy.
RESULTS
Total control of vomiting with either Ondansetron or tropisetron was 94.2 % vs 93.5 % in D1 (P=0.157); 90.6 % vs 93.1 % in D2 (P=0.18); 90.3 % vs 93.1 % in D3 (P=0.655); 96.4% vs 96.4 % in D4 (P=0.157); 96.4 % vs 100 % in D5 (P=0.317); 96.4 % vs 100% in D6, respectively. The duration of nausea showed significant decreasements in tropisetron at D5 and D6 (P=0.025, P=0.03, respectively), but the severity of nausea and performance status showed no significance. Headache and constipation were the most common side effects in both groups.
CONCLUSION
There was no significant difference in efficacy and tolerability between tropisetron and ondansetron in the cisplatin-based chemotherapy.

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Chemotherapy induced severe neutropenia: Ji Yun Han, Yoo Bae Ahn, Jin Hyung Kang, Han Rim Moon, Young Sun Hong, Hoon Kyo Kim, Kyung Sik Lee, Dong Jib Kim, He Sook Shin, Hye Sun Cha; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1993;25(4):601-606.

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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The Results of Radiation Therapy for Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression: Ji Youn Han, Jae You Kim, Hong Suk Chang, Byung Ok Choi, Byung Gil Choi, Hanlim Moon, Young Sun Hong, Sei Chul Yoon, Hoon Kyo Kim, Kyung Shick Lee, Dong Jip Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1996;28(1):138-145.

Abstract PDF: Spinal cord compression is a common neurologic complication of advanced cancer, and it is a medical emergency because delay in treatment often results in irreversible paralysis. The treatment-goal of metastatic spinal cord compression is the preservation or restoration of neurologic function. We retrospectively analyzed the results of radiation therapy for metastatic spinal cord compression from January 1987 to May 1992 to assess the neuro1ogic recovery rate of metastatic spinal cord compression by radiation therapy. The results were as follows: ¨cThe most common cause of metastatic spinal cord compression was lung cancer (24%), followed by hepatoma (18%), gastric cancer (8%). ¨e Eighty seven percent of patients presented with localized back pain which preceded diagnosis of spinal cord compression by several weeks. ¨e At diaanosis, 71 % of patients were presented in paralytic status. 27 % of the patients who were ambulatory and 15 % of the paralytic patients before treatment were remained ambulatory or became ambulatory after radiation therapy. ¨eThe duration of survival of all patients were 6 to 159 days (median 55 days). It seemed that the poor outcome of radiation therapy was related to the aggressive biologic features and radioresistance of the primary tumors rather than the neurologic status before the treatment. The prospective study with other treatment modalities such as anterior resection with or without radiation therapy is necessary for improving the neurologic recovery rate.

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Pain Control in the Termial Cancer Patients at Hospice - ward: Ji Youn Han, Jae You Kim, Jin Hyung Kang, Han Lim Moon, Young Sun Hong, hoon Kyo Kim, Kyung Shick Lee, Dong Jip Kim, Gi Soon Yeoun, Yeong Ok Kim, In Ok Seo, You Suk chong, Young Yi Cho, Suk Kyng Choe; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1996;28(2):295-301.

Abstract PDF: Pain is one of the most frequent and troublesome symptoms in cancer patients and its prevalence is estimated highest in the terminally ill patients as about 60-80%. For the patient, pain represents a major source of physical limitation, social disability, and emotional distress. For the physician, it represents a difficult diagnostic and therapeutic problem. We retrospectively reviewed 39 advanced cancer patients who had been admitted to the Hospice-ward at Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital with pain as the chief complaints to assess the cause and the severity of pain, and to rate the degree of pain-control by 'principles of pain-control'. The results were as follows: 1) Among 39 patients, 28(72%) had more than severe pain at admission and the most common cause of pain was bone metastases(51%). 2) Morphine sulfate was used in 36 patients and 35 of all 39 patients had experienced major degree of pain-control: 25(64.1%) had 100% pain-control, and 10(25.6% ) had more than 75% pain-control. 3) The side effects of morphine were constipation, nausea and vomiting, confusion, respiratory depression and sedation but no drug tolerance or addiction. Increasing the dose or changing the route of administratian of morphine through periodic and regular reassessment of pain are important to improve the pain management and to increase the level of information available to physician and patients regarding appropriate approach to pain-control.

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