Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Lung and Thoracic cancer

Strategies to Improve Smoking Cessation for Participants in Lung Cancer Screening Program: Analysis of Factors Associated with Smoking Cessation in Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project (K-LUCAS): Yeol Kim, Jaeho Lee, Eunju Lee, Juntae Lim, Yonghyun Kim, Choon-Taek Lee, Seung Hun Jang, Yu-Jin Paek, Won-Chul Lee, Chan Wha Lee, Hyae Young Kim, Jin Mo Goo, Kui Son Choi, Boyoung Park, Duk Hyoung Lee, Hong Gwan Seo; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(1):92-103. Published online August 7, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1598

Purpose
Smoking cessation intervention is one of the key components of successful lung cancer screening program. We investigated the effectiveness and related factors of smoking cessation services provided to the participants in a population-based lung cancer screening trial.
Materials and Methods
The Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project (K-LUCAS) is a nationwide, multi-center lung cancer screening trial that evaluates the feasibility of implementing population-based lung cancer screening. All 5,144 current smokers who participated in the K-LUCAS received a mandatory smoking cessation counseling. Changes in smoking status were followed up using a telephone survey in 6 months after lung cancer screening participation. The lung cancer screening’s impact on smoking cessation is analyzed by variations in the smoking cessation interventions provided in screening units.
Results
Among 4,136 survey responders, participant’s motivation to quit smoking increased by 9.4% on average after lung cancer screening. After 6 months from the initial screening, 24.3% of participants stopped smoking, and 10.6% of participants had not smoked continuously for at least 6 months after screening. Over 80% of quitters stated that participation in lung cancer screening motivated them to quit smoking. Low-cost public smoking cessation program combined with lung cancer screening increased the abstinence rates. The smokers were three times more likely to quit smoking when the smoking cessation counseling was provided simultaneously with low-dose computed tomography screening results than when provided separately.
Conclusion
A mandatory smoking cessation intervention integrated with screening result counselling by a physician after participation in lung cancer screening could be effective for increasing smoking cessation attempts.

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p53 Genetics and Biology in Lung Carcinomas: Insights, Implications and Clinical Applications
Dixan A. Benitez, Guadalupe Cumplido-Laso, Marcos Olivera-Gómez, Nuria Del Valle-Del Pino, Alba Díaz-Pizarro, Sonia Mulero-Navarro, Angel Román-García, Jose Maria Carvajal-Gonzalez
Biomedicines.2024; 12(7): 1453. CrossRef
Problems and Alternatives for Korea National Lung Cancer Screening Program for Smoking Cessation: Analysis of a Survey Involving Experts
Cheol Min Lee, Sil Vi Han Park, Jinri Kim, Bumjo Oh, Kiheon Lee, Yeol Kim, Yu-Jin Paek
Journal of the Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.2024; 15(2): 49. CrossRef
The pros and cons of lung cancer screening
Roberta Eufrasia Ledda, Georg-Christian Funk, Nicola Sverzellati
European Radiology.2024; 35(1): 267. CrossRef
Effective Smoking Cessation Counseling for Participants in a Lung Cancer Screening
Choon-Young Kim, Yeol Kim, Cheol Min Lee
Journal of the Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.2024; 15(3): 88. CrossRef

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Breast cancer

Impact of Awareness of Breast Density on Perceived Risk, Worry, and Intentions for Future Breast Cancer Screening among Korean Women: Anh Thi Ngoc Tran, Ji Hae Hwang, Eunji Choi, Yun Yeong Lee, Mina Suh, Chan Wha Lee, Yeol Kim, Kui Son Choi; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(1):55-64. Published online August 18, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.495

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study sought to examine perceived risk and concerns for breast cancer according to awareness of breast density and states thereof among Korea women and to identify the impact of such awareness on screening intentions.
Materials and Methods
This study was based on the 2017 Korean National Cancer Screening Survey of a nationally representative and randomly selected sample of Koreans. Ordinal logistic regression was conducted to examine associations for awareness of and knowledge on breast density in relation to psychological factors. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate significant factors associated with intentions to undergo breast cancer screening.
Results
Among a total of 1,609 women aged 40-69 years, 62.0% were unaware of their breast density, and only 29.7% had good breast density knowledge. Awareness of one’s breast density and knowledge about breast density were positively associated with perceptions of absolute and comparative risk and cancer worry. Women aware of their breast density (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.35 for women aware of having a non-dense breast; aOR, 4.17 for women aware of having a dense breast) and women with a good level of breast density knowledge (aOR, 1.65) were more likely to undergo future breast cancer screening.
Conclusion
Breast density awareness and knowledge showed positive associations with psychological factors and breast cancer screening intentions. However, the majority of Korean women were not aware of their breast density status and demonstrated poor knowledge about breast density. These results demonstrate a need for better health communication concerning breast density.

Citations

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M. Rawashdeh, M.Z. El-Sayed, M. Umar, N. Majeed, A. Jamalzadeh, C. Saade, A. England, M. McEntee, M.M. El Safwany, M.A. Ali
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Dorinda ‘t Hart, Ross Marriott, Jennifer Stone
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Nadia Ouzennou, Mohamed Aboufaras, Nezha Nacer, Hicham Mejdouli, Jaouad Chouikh, Samia Rkha
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Ji Soo Park, Saeam Shin, Yoon Jung Lee, Seung-Tae Lee, Eun Ji Nam, Jung Woo Han, Sun Hwa Lee, Tae Il Kim, Hyung Seok Park
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Development of Protocol for Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project (K-LUCAS) to Evaluate Effectiveness and Feasibility to Implement National Cancer Screening Program: Jaeho Lee, Juntae Lim, Yeol Kim, Hyae Young Kim, Jin Mo Goo, Choon-Taek Lee, Seung Hun Jang, Won-Chul Lee, Chan Wha Lee, Jin Young An, Ki Dong Ko, Min Ki Lee, Kui Son Choi, Boyoung Park, Duk Hyoung Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(4):1285-1294. Published online February 19, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.464

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
To reduce lung cancer mortality, lung cancer screening was recommended using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) to high-risk population. A protocol for multicenter lung cancer screening pilot project was developed to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of lung cancer screening to implement National Cancer Screening Program in Korea.
Materials and Methods
Multidisciplinary expert committee was comprised to develop a standardized protocol for Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project (K-LUCAS). K-LUCAS is a population-based single arm trial that targets high-risk population aged 55-74 years with at least 30 pack-year smoking history. LDCT results are reported by Lung-RADS suggested by American Radiology Society. Network-based system using computer-aided detection program is prepared to assist reducing diagnostic errors. Smoking cessation counselling is provided to all currently smoking participants. A small pilot test was conducted to check the feasibility and compliance of the protocols for K-LUCAS.
Results
In pilot test, 256 were participated. The average age of participants was 63.2 years and only three participants (1.2%) were female. The participants had a smoking history of 40.5 pack-year on average and 53.9% were current smokers. Among them, 86.3% had willing to participate in lung cancer screening again. The average willingness to quit smoking among current smokers was 12.7% higher than before screening. In Lung-RADS reports, 10 (3.9%) were grade 3 and nine (3.5%) were grade 4. One participant was diagnosed as lung cancer.
Conclusion
The protocol developed by this study is assessed to be feasible to perform K-LUCAS in multicenter nationwide scale.

Citations

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Factors influencing the intention for lung cancer screening in high-risk populations for lung cancer
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Strategies to Improve Smoking Cessation for Participants in Lung Cancer Screening Program: Analysis of Factors Associated with Smoking Cessation in Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project (K-LUCAS)
Yeol Kim, Jaeho Lee, Eunju Lee, Juntae Lim, Yonghyun Kim, Choon-Taek Lee, Seung Hun Jang, Yu-Jin Paek, Won-Chul Lee, Chan Wha Lee, Hyae Young Kim, Jin Mo Goo, Kui Son Choi, Boyoung Park, Duk Hyoung Lee, Hong Gwan Seo
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Risk Factors for Thyroid Cancer: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study in Korean Adults: Seung-Kwon Myung, Chan Wha Lee, Jeonghee Lee, Jeongseon Kim, Hyeon Suk Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(1):70-78. Published online June 23, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.310

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Although the incidence of thyroid cancer in Korea has rapidly increased over the past decade, few studies have investigated its risk factors. This study examined the risk factors for thyroid cancer in Korean adults.
Materials and Methods
The study design was a hospital-based case-control study. Between August 2002 and December 2011, a total of 802 thyroid cancer cases out of 34,211 patients screened from the Cancer Screenee. Cohort of the National Cancer Center in South Korea were included in the analysis. A total of 802 control cases were selected from the same cohort, and matched individually (1:1) by age (±2 years) and area of residence for control group 1 and additionally by sex for control group 2.
Results
Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis using the control group 1 showed that females and those with a family history of thyroid cancer had an increased risk of thyroid cancer, whereas ever-smokers and those with a higher monthly household income had a decreased risk of thyroid cancer. On the other hand, the analysis using control group 2 showed that a family history of cancer and alcohol consumption were associated with a decreased risk of thyroid cancer, whereas higher body mass index (BMI) and family history of thyroid cancer were associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that females, those with a family history of thyroid cancer, those with a higher BMI, non-smokers, non-drinkers, and those with a lower monthly household income have an increased risk of developing thyroid cancer.

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