1Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
2Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
3Department of Medical Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
4Head and Neck Surgery Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Copyright © 2013 by the Korean Cancer Association
This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Characteristic | RT arm (n=56) | CRT arm (n=45) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Locoregional only | 13 | 2 | 0.01 |
Distant only | 8 | 3 | 0.32 |
Locoregional and distant | 4 | 7 | 0.21 |
Second primary cancer | 4 | 0 | 0.12 |
Characteristic |
No. of patients |
Five-year survival (%) |
Univariate analysis (p-value) |
Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) |
Multivariate analysis (p-value) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Performance status | 0.01 | 0.01 | |||
ECOG 0-1 | 90 | 60.5 | 1.00a) | ||
ECOG 2 | 11 | 24.2 | 13.30 (4.05-43.70) | ||
Resection margin status | 0.44 | 0.61 | |||
Negative | 19 | 56.7 | 1.00a) | ||
Positive | 76 | 58.4 | 1.12 (0.72-1.73) | ||
Lymphovascular invasion | 0.03 | 0.04 | |||
Negative | 78 | 60.9 | 1.00a) | ||
Positive | 23 | 35.2 | 2.50 (1.00-6.25) | ||
Perineural invasion | 0.16 | 0.95 | |||
Negative | 75 | 62.5 | 1.00a) | ||
Positive | 24 | 42.2 | 1.03 (0.36-2.89) | ||
T stage | 0.01 | 0.09 | |||
T1-2 | 51 | 67.0 | 1.00a) | ||
T3-4 | 50 | 46.1 | 2.12 (0.87-5.14) | ||
N stage | 0.51 | 0.51 | |||
N0-1 | 23 | 62.6 | 1.00a) | ||
N2-3 | 78 | 54.4 | 1.51 (0.43-5.26) | ||
Extracapsular extension | 0.17 | 0.27 | |||
Negative | 29 | 68.0 | 1.00a) | ||
Positive | 47 | 52.4 | 1.78 (0.63-5.00) | ||
Radiation-operation interval (wk) | 0.09 | ||||
≤6 | 62 | 63.3 | 1.00a) | 0.22 | |
>6 | 39 | 46.8 | 2.04 (0.93-4.98) | ||
Treatment era (yr) | |||||
1993-2004 | 55 | 51.2 | 1.00a) | 0.32 | |
2005-2008 | 46 | 59.8 | 0.76 (0.45-2.12) |
The Efficacy of Low Postoperative Radiation Dose in Patients with Advanced Hypopharyngeal Cancer without High-Risk Factors
Characteristic | RT arm (n=56) | CRT arm (n=45) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | 0.40 | ||
Male | 54 (96.4) | 41 (91.1) | |
Female | 2 (3.6) | 4 (8.9) | |
Median age (yr) | 58 | 56 | |
Tumor stage | 0.25 | ||
T1 | 2 (3.6) | 3 (6.7) | |
T2 | 28 (50.0) | 18 (40.0) | |
T3 | 8 (14.3) | 13 (28.9) | |
T4 | 18 (32.1) | 11 (24.4) | |
Nodal stage | 0.03 | ||
N0 | 6 (10.7) | 2 (4.5) | |
N1 | 14 (25.0) | 1 (2.2) | |
N2 | 35 (62.5) | 42 (93.3) | |
N3 | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0) | |
Resection margin | 0.07 | ||
Negative | 28 (50.0) | 15 (33.3) | |
Close | 15 (26.8) | 18 (40.0) | |
Positive | 7 (12.5) | 12 (26.7) | |
Unknown | 6 (10.7) | 0 (0) | |
Tumor differentiation | 0.58 | ||
Well differentiated | 16 (28.6) | 9 (20.0) | |
Moderately differentiated | 36 (64.3) | 33 (73.3) | |
Poorly differentiated | 3 (5.4) | 2 (4.5) | |
Unknown | 1 (1.7) | 1 (2.2) | |
Extracapsular spread | 0.22 | ||
Negative | 14 (25.0) | 15 (33.3) | |
Positive | 17 (30.4) | 30 (66.7) | |
Unknown | 25 (44.6) | 0 (0) | |
Vascular invasion | 0.63 | ||
Negative | 42 (75.0) | 36 (80.0) | |
Positive | 14 (25.0) | 9 (20.0) | |
Perineural invasion | 0.90 | ||
Negative | 41 (73.2) | 34 (75.6) | |
Positive | 13 (23.2) | 11 (24.4) | |
Unknown | 2 (3.6) | 0 (0) | |
Performance status | 0.38 | ||
ECOG 0 | 2 (3.6) | 1 (2.2) | |
ECOG 1 | 50 (89.3) | 37 (82.2) | |
ECOG 2 | 4 (7.1) | 7 (15.6) | |
Primary tumor site | 0.39 | ||
Oral cavity | 16 (28.6) | 11 (24.4) | |
Oropharynx | 14 (25.0) | 17 (37.8) | |
Hypopharynx | 11 (19.6) | 10 (22.2) | |
Larynx | 15 (26.8) | 7 (15.6) |
Characteristic | RT arm (n=56) | CRT arm (n=45) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Locoregional only | 13 | 2 | 0.01 |
Distant only | 8 | 3 | 0.32 |
Locoregional and distant | 4 | 7 | 0.21 |
Second primary cancer | 4 | 0 | 0.12 |
Toxicity | RT arm (n=56) | CRT arm (n=45) | p-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grade 1-2 | Grade 3-4 | Grade 1-2 | Grade 3-4 | ||
Hematologic | 23 (41.0) | 1 (1.7) | 25 (55.5) | 17 (37.7) | 0.01 |
Nausea/Vomiting | 6 (10.7) | 0 (0) | 11 (22.2) | 2 (4.4) | 0.08 |
Skin | 29 (51.7) | 1 (1.7) | 16 (35.5) | 2 (4.4) | 0.38 |
Mucositis | 40 (71.4) | 11 (19.6) | 25 (55.5) | 14 (31.1) | 0.21 |
Xerostomia | 36 (64.2) | 4 (7.1) | 20 (44.4) | 7 (15.5) | 0.14 |
Characteristic | No. of patients |
Five-year survival (%) |
Univariate analysis (p-value) |
Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) |
Multivariate analysis (p-value) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Performance status | 0.01 | 0.01 | |||
ECOG 0-1 | 90 | 60.5 | 1.00 |
||
ECOG 2 | 11 | 24.2 | 13.30 (4.05-43.70) | ||
Resection margin status | 0.44 | 0.61 | |||
Negative | 19 | 56.7 | 1.00 |
||
Positive | 76 | 58.4 | 1.12 (0.72-1.73) | ||
Lymphovascular invasion | 0.03 | 0.04 | |||
Negative | 78 | 60.9 | 1.00 |
||
Positive | 23 | 35.2 | 2.50 (1.00-6.25) | ||
Perineural invasion | 0.16 | 0.95 | |||
Negative | 75 | 62.5 | 1.00 |
||
Positive | 24 | 42.2 | 1.03 (0.36-2.89) | ||
T stage | 0.01 | 0.09 | |||
T1-2 | 51 | 67.0 | 1.00 |
||
T3-4 | 50 | 46.1 | 2.12 (0.87-5.14) | ||
N stage | 0.51 | 0.51 | |||
N0-1 | 23 | 62.6 | 1.00 |
||
N2-3 | 78 | 54.4 | 1.51 (0.43-5.26) | ||
Extracapsular extension | 0.17 | 0.27 | |||
Negative | 29 | 68.0 | 1.00 |
||
Positive | 47 | 52.4 | 1.78 (0.63-5.00) | ||
Radiation-operation interval (wk) | 0.09 | ||||
≤6 | 62 | 63.3 | 1.00 |
0.22 | |
>6 | 39 | 46.8 | 2.04 (0.93-4.98) | ||
Treatment era (yr) | |||||
1993-2004 | 55 | 51.2 | 1.00 |
0.32 | |
2005-2008 | 46 | 59.8 | 0.76 (0.45-2.12) |
Characteristic | Early mortality group (n=12) | Others (n=33) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (yr) | 0.03 | ||
0-60 | 7 (20.0) | 28 (80.0) | |
>60 | 5 (50.0) | 5 (50.0) | |
PS | 0.01 | ||
ECOG 0-1 | 7 (18.4) | 31 (81.6) | |
ECOG 2 | 5 (71.4) | 2 (28.6) |
Values are presented as number (%). RT, radiotherapy; CRT, chemoradiotherapy; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.
RT, radiotherapy; CRT, chemoradiotherapy.
Values are presented as number (%). RT, radiotherapy; CRT, chemoradiotherapy.
CI, confidence interval; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. a)Reference.
Values are presented as number (%). CRT, chemoradiotherapy; PS, performance status; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.