Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Gastrointestinal cancer

Salvage Radiotherapy for Loco-regional Recurrence of Esophageal Cancer Following Surgery: Won Kyung Cho, Jae Myoung Noh, Dongryul Oh, Yong Chan Ahn, Jong-Mu Sun, Hong Kwan Kim, Young Mog Shim; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(1):165-173. Published online July 26, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.191

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Purpose
There is few evidence regarding the optimal salvage treatment options for loco-reginal recurrence of esophageal cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of salvage radiotherapy (RT) in patients with loco-regional recurrence (LRR) after surgery for esophageal cancer.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 147 esophageal cancer patients who received salvage RT for loco-regional recurrence between 1996 and December 2019. A total dose of 60 Gy in 20 fractions was used for RT alone and 60-70 Gy in 30-35 fractions for concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).
Results
The patients’ median age was 65 years (range, 41 to 86 years). The median disease-free interval was 13.5 months (1.0 to 97.4 months). After a median 18.8 months follow-up, the 2-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 38.1% and 25.9%, respectively. The median OS and PFS were 18.8 and 8.4 months, respectively. The CCRT could not improve OS compared to RT (p=0.336), but there was a trend of better PFS in the CCRT group. Regarding toxicities, the rate of grade 3 or higher toxicity was 10.9% occurring in 16 patients, and it was higher in patients who received CCRT than in the RT alone group (19.6% vs. 6.3%, p=0.023).
Conclusion
Salvage RT alone as well as CCRT could be effective in patients with locoregionally recurrent esophageal cancer.

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Salvage Chemoradiotherapy for Loco-Regional Recurrence of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma After Esophagectomy
Atsuto Katano, Tomoki Kiritoshi, Subaru Sawayanagi, Hideomi Yamashita
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(5): 1540. CrossRef

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Salvage Concurrent Chemo-radiation Therapy for Loco-regional Recurrence Following Curative Surgery of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Kyung Hwa Lee, Yong Chan Ahn, Hongryull Pyo, Jae Myoung Noh, Seung Gyu Park, Tae Gyu Kim, Eonju Lee, Heerim Nam, Hyebin Lee, Jong-Mu Sun, Jin Seok Ahn, Myung-Ju Ahn, Keunchil Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(2):769-776. Published online September 11, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.366

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Purpose
This study is to report clinical outcomes of salvage concurrent chemo-radiation therapy (CCRT) in treating patients with loco-regional recurrence (LRR) following initial complete resection of non-small cell lung cancer.
Materials and Methods
Between February 2004 and December 2016, 127 patients underwent salvage CCRT for LRR. The median radiation therapy (RT) dose was 66 Gy and clinical target volume was to cover recurrent lesion with margin without elective inclusion of regional lymphatics. Majority of patients (94.5%) received weekly platinum-based doublet chemotherapy during RT course.
Results
The median follow-up time from the start of CCRT was 25 months. The median survival duration was 49 months, and overall survival (OS) rates at 2 and 5 years were 72.9% and 43.9%. The 2- and 5-year rates of in-field failure-free survival, distant metastasis free survival, and progression free survival were 82.4% and 73.8%, 50.4% and 39.9%, and 34.6% and 22.3%, respectively. Grade ≥ 3 radiation-related esophagitis and pneumonitis occurred in 14 (11.0%) and six patients (4.7%), respectively. On both univariate and multivariate analysis, higher biologically equivalent dose (BED10) (≥ 79.2 Gy10 vs. < 79.2 Gy10; hazard ratio [HR], 0.431), smaller CTV (≤ 80 cm3 vs. > 80 cm3; HR, 0.403), and longer disease-free interval (> 1 year vs. ≤ 1 year; HR, 0.489) were significantly favorable factors for OS.
Conclusion
The current study has demonstrated that high dose salvage CCRT focused to the involved lesion only was highly effective and safe. In particular, higher BED₁₀, smaller CTV, and longer disease-free interval were favorable factors for improved survival.

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Prognosis of non‐small cell lung cancer with postoperative regional lymph node recurrence
Yoichi Ohtaki, Toshiteru Nagashima, Naoko Okano, Nobuteru Kubo, Takeru Ohtaka, Noriaki Sunaga, Reiko Sakurai, Yosuke Miura, Seshiru Nakazawa, Natsuko Kawatani, Tomohiro Yazawa, Ryohei Yoshikawa, Eiji Narusawa, Ken Shirabe
Thoracic Cancer.2024; 15(11): 859. CrossRef
Durvalumab after chemoradiotherapy for locoregional recurrence of completely resected non–small‐cell lung cancer (NEJ056)
Megumi Furuta, Hidehito Horinouchi, Isao Yokota, Teppei Yamaguchi, Shoichi Itoh, Takafumi Fukui, Akira Iwashima, Jun Sugisaka, Yu Miura, Hisashi Tanaka, Taichi Miyawaki, Hiroshi Yokouchi, Keita Miura, Ryota Saito, Go Saito, Tatsuhiko Kamoshida, Yusuke Uch
Cancer Science.2024; 115(11): 3705. CrossRef
Impact of lymphadenectomy extent on immunotherapy efficacy in post-resectional recurred non-small cell lung cancer: a multi-institutional retrospective cohort study
Hongsheng Deng, Juan Zhou, Hualin Chen, Xiuyu Cai, Ran Zhong, Feng Li, Bo Cheng, Caichen Li, Qingzhu Jia, Caicun Zhou, René Horsleben Petersen, Gaetano Rocco, Alex Brunelli, Calvin S.H. Ng, Thomas A. D’Amico, Chunxia Su, Jianxing He, Wenhua Liang, Bo Zhu
International Journal of Surgery.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Treatment patterns and survival of patients with locoregional recurrence in early-stage NSCLC: a literature review of real-world evidence
Kathleen Bowes, Nick Jovanoski, Audrey E. Brown, Danilo Di Maio, Rossella Belleli, Shkun Chadda, Seye Abogunrin
Medical Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Salvage proton beam therapy for locoregional recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer
Hyunju Shin, Jae Myoung Noh, Hongryull Pyo, Yong Chan Ahn, Dongryul Oh
Radiation Oncology Journal.2021; 39(1): 24. CrossRef
Hypo-fractionated radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy for locoregional recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer after complete resection: A prospective, single-arm, phase II study (GASTO-1017)
NaiBin Chen, QiWen Li, SiYu Wang, Mai Xiong, YiFeng Luo, Bin Wang, Li Chen, MaoSheng Lin, XiaoBo Jiang, JianLan Fang, SuPing Guo, JinYu Guo, Nan Hu, XinLei Ai, DaQuan Wang, Chu Chu, FangJie Liu, Hao Long, JunYe Wang, Bo Qiu, Hui Liu
Lung Cancer.2021; 156: 82. CrossRef
Salvage radiation therapy for postoperative locoregionally recurrent non-small cell lung cancer: a single-center experience
Yoon Young Jo, Su Ssan Kim, Si Yeol Song, Eun Kyung Choi
Radiation Oncology Journal.2021; 39(3): 210. CrossRef
Propensity score adjusted analysis of patients with isolated locoregional recurrence versus de novo locally advanced NSCLC treated with definitive therapy
Cole Friedes, Nicholas Mai, Wei Fu, Chen Hu, Peijin Han, Kristen A. Marrone, K. Ranh Voong, Russell K. Hales
Lung Cancer.2020; 145: 119. CrossRef

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Pattern of Recurrence after Curative Resection of Gastric Cancer: Jae Hong Jang, Young Jin Kim, Dong Yi Kim, Hyung Rok Kim, Shin Kon Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1999;31(3):466-472.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Despite radical lymph node dissection and combined resection, the operative result of progressive gastric cancer remains unsatisfactory. The prognosis of gastric cancer has not been improved. In case of recurred gastric cancer, the problem is low curative resection rate. We tried to study the pattem of recurrence after curative resection for gastric cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We had retrospectively analyzed the recurrence pattern of 191 patients who recurred after curative resection of gastric cancer. We analyzed the interval between operation and recurrence, primary tumor location, tumor histologic type, Borrmann's type, pathologic stage, DNA ploidy pattem and lymph node metastasis.
RESULT
The number of recurred gastric cancer patients was 191. The M: F ratio was 2.03: 1. Seven cases were early gastric cancer. The interval between operation and recurrence was from 1 month to 130 months. The early recurrence within 24 months was found in 147 patients (77.0%), the intermediate recurrence from 25 months to 60 months was found in 38 patients (19.9%), the late reeurrence after 60 months was found in 6 patients (3.1%). The pattems of recurrence were as follows: loco-regional recurience, including lymph node and site of anastomosis, was found in 51 cases, liver metastasis in 37 cases, peritoneal metastasis in 74 cases, extraperitoneal metastasis in 29 cases including Virchows node. In undifferentiated cancer, peritoneal metastasis was higher than in other histologic types (p<0.05). 59 cases was found in stage IV, 47 cases in stage IIIb, 43 cases in stage IIIa, 31 cases in stage II, 8 cases in stage Ib, and 3 cases in stage Ia. We found peritoneal metastasis was very high in stage IIIb. The 5-year survival was better in loco-regional group than that of other patterns of recurrence.
CONCLUSION
Recurrence after operation was found within 24 months, that in most of patients, so the follow up is very important in this period and the recurred pattem after curative resection for gastric cancer was related with cell differentiation of primary tumor and stage. In local recurrence, the survival rate was higher than the other pattern of recurrence.

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