Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Article

Antitumor Effect of KX-01 through Inhibiting Src Family Kinases and Mitosis: Seongyeong Kim, Ahrum Min, Kyung-Hun Lee, Yaewon Yang, Tae-Yong Kim, Jee Min Lim, So Jung Park, Hyun-Jin Nam, Jung Eun Kim, Sang-Hyun Song, Sae-Won Han, Do-Youn Oh, Jee Hyun Kim, Tae-You Kim, David Hangauer, Johnson Yiu-Nam Lau, Kyongok Im, Dong Soon Lee, Yung-Jue Bang, Seock-Ah Im; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(3):643-655. Published online October 6, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.168

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Purpose
KX-01 is a novel dual inhibitor of Src and tubulin. Unlike previous Src inhibitors that failed to show clinical benefit during treatment of breast cancer, KX-01 can potentially overcome the therapeutic limitations of current Src inhibitors through inhibition of both Src and tubulin. The present study further evaluates the activity and mechanism of KX-01 in vitro and in vivo.
Materials and Methods
The antitumor effect of KX-01 in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines was determined by MTT assay. Wound healing and immunofluorescence assays were performed to evaluate the action mechanisms of KX-01. Changes in the cell cycle and molecular changes induced by KX-01 were also evaluated. A MDA-MB-231 mouse xenograft model was used to demonstrate the in vivo effects.
Results
KX-01 effectively inhibited the growth of breast cancer cell lines. The expression of phospho- Src and proliferative-signaling molecules were down-regulated in KX-01–sensitive TNBC cell lines. In addition, migration inhibition was observed by wound healing assay. KX-01– induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and increased the aneuploid cell population in KX-01–sensitive cell lines. Multi-nucleated cells were significantly increased after KX-01 treatment. Furthermore, KX-01 effectively delayed tumor growth in a MDA-MB-231 mouse xenograft model.
Conclusion
KX-01 effectively inhibited cell growth and migration of TNBC cells. Moreover, this study demonstrated that KX-01 showed antitumor effects through the inhibition of Src signaling and the induction of mitotic catastrophe. The antitumor effects of KX-01 were also demonstrated in vivo using a mouse xenograft model.

Citations

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