Cancer Research and Treatment

Review Article

Presentation of Benefits and Harms in Cancer Screening Guidelines for Koreans: A Systematic Review: Mi Ah Han, Hunju Lee, Kwangmin Kim, Seong Jung Kim, Eu Chang Hwang, Jae Hung Jung; Received November 29, 2024 Accepted March 25, 2025 Published online March 27, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.1151 [Accepted]

Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study systematically reviewed cancer screening guidelines for the Korean population to evaluate the benefits and harms of the recommended cancer screening practices.
Materials and Methods
We searched international electronic databases from inception to July 2023. Two reviewers independently conducted reference screening and data extraction. Data were extracted based on recommendations from each guideline and presentation of benefits and harms. General characteristics of the cancer screening guidelines, including cancer type, recommended screening methods, certainty of evidence, were collected. Moreover, we obtained key information on the benefits and harms of screening interventions, including the quantification of their relative and absolute effects.
Results
Fifteen recommendations were identified for the use of interventions for the early detection of stomach, liver, colorectal, breast, cervical and lung cancers in 9 guidelines published between 2011 and 2015. Seven guidelines collected evidence through de novo systematic reviews. Eight guidelines presented the certainty of evidence and strength of recommendations. Benefits are presented as relative risks, and harms are presented as absolute risks. Six recommendations presented the absolute effects of both benefits and harms (comparable); 8 presented them unevenly, including quantifying benefits relatively but presenting harms as absolute measures (asymmetric); and 1 presented neither benefits nor harms (incomplete).
Conclusion
More than half of guidelines fail to present the benefits and harms of screening in a balanced manner. To enable users and beneficiaries make informed decisions based on evidence, the benefits and harms supporting recommendations should be given in a transparent and balanced manner.

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Special Article

Trends in Cancer-Screening Rates in Korea: Findings from the National Cancer Screening Survey, 2004-2023: EunKyo Kang, Kui Son Choi, Jae Kwan Jun, Yeol Kim, Hyeon Ji Lee, Chang Kyun Choi, Tae Hee Kim, Sun Hwa Lee, Mina Suh; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(1):28-38. Published online August 2, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.325

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study aimed to report the overall national trends in the rates of cancer screening based on recommendations and provide insights into the changing trends of these rates across different demographics.
Materials and Methods
This study used data from the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey (KNCSS), which surveys nationwide cancer-screening rates and includes 4,500 individuals meeting the Korean National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP) protocol age criteria. Cancer-screening rates were assessed using structured questionnaires; yearly trends were analyzed for both lifetime cancer-screening rates and rates of screening based on recommendations, and subgroup analyses were performed based on age and sex.
Results
The rates of cancer screening based on recommendations showed significant increments: the stomach cancer-screening rate increased from 39.2% in 2004 to 77.5% in 2023 (3.50% per year), the liver cancer-screening rate increased from 20.0% to 48.8% (4.30% per year), and the colorectal cancer, increased from 19.9% to 70.7% (5.15% per year). The breast cancer-screening rate increased from 33.2% to 72.7% (2.88% per year), and the cervical cancer, increased from 58.3% to 70.2% (1.08% per year). Despite some differences, particularly in relation to sociodemographic factors, screening rates increased significantly for all cancer types.
Conclusion
Cancer-screening rates in Korea increased consistently from 2004 to 2023, demonstrating the effectiveness of the national cancer-screening program. However, the increments in breast, cervical and lung cancer-screening rates were relatively lower, indicating the need for additional efforts and strategies.

Citations

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Association Between Suicidal Ideation and Cancer Screening Uptake: Results from Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Korea
Seong-Uk Baek, Jin-Ha Yoon
Cancers.2025; 17(6): 956. CrossRef
From pilot to policy: what Korea’s LDCT program teaches us about National Lung Cancer Screening
Lisa Jungblut
European Radiology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

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Original Articles

Gastrointestinal cancer

Overview of the National Cancer Screening Program for Colorectal Cancer in Korea over 14 Years (2004-2017): Bomi Park, Eun Young Her, Kyeongmin Lee, Fatima Nari, Jae Kwan Jun, Kui Son Choi, Mina Suh; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(3):910-917. Published online March 8, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1432

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Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the participation and follow-up test compliance rates and key performance indicators of the National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP) for colorectal cancer (CRC) from 2004 to 2017.
Materials and Methods
The overall outcomes of the NCSP for CRC were analyzed using the NCSP data collected from 2004 to 2017 and the Korean Central Cancer Registry for CRC from 2005 to 2017. We cross-sectionally analyzed the participation and follow-up test compliance rates and performance indicators for each year. The trend of participation rates as an annual percentage change was assessed, and other statistical analyses were performed.
Results
The screening participation rates increased from 7.3% in 2004 to 30.5% in 2017. Additionally, the screening rates were higher among individuals aged 60-69 years and National Health Insurance Service beneficiaries of low-income status. However, the adherence to the follow-up test decreased from 63% in 2004 to 32% in 2017. The follow-up tests using the double-contrast barium enema method decreased from 42.2% in 2004 to 0.3% in 2017. However, follow-up tests by colonoscopy increased from 21.0% in 2004 to 31.8% in 2017. Furthermore, the positivity, false-positive, and interval CRC rates decreased, whereas the specificity increased from 2004 to 2016, indicating improved performance of CRC.
Conclusion
The participation rates and performance of the NCSP for CRC have steadily improved, whereas adherence to follow-up tests has decreased. Additionally, there is a rapid growth in colonoscopy volume as a follow-up test. Continued efforts are required to improve the follow-up rates.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Trends in Cancer-Screening Rates in Korea: Findings from the National Cancer Screening Survey, 2004-2023
EunKyo Kang, Kui Son Choi, Jae Kwan Jun, Yeol Kim, Hyeon Ji Lee, Chang Kyun Choi, Tae Hee Kim, Sun Hwa Lee, Mina Suh
Cancer Research and Treatment.2025; 57(1): 28. CrossRef
Association Between Suicidal Ideation and Cancer Screening Uptake: Results from Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Korea
Seong-Uk Baek, Jin-Ha Yoon
Cancers.2025; 17(6): 956. CrossRef
Serum bilirubin levels and risk of colorectal cancer in Korean adults: results from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study-Health Examinee (KoGES-HEXA) Cohort Study
Hwayoung Noh, Jeeyoo Lee, Nazlisadat Seyed Khoei, Laia Peruchet-Noray, Daehee Kang, Beatrice Fervers, Karl-Heinz Wagner, Aesun Shin, Heinz Freisling
British Journal of Cancer.2024; 131(10): 1635. CrossRef
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Dong Jun Kim, Nan-He Yoon, Jae Kwan Jun, Mina Suh, Sunhwa Lee, Seongju Kim, Ji Eun Kim, Hooyeon Lee
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Xiangyu Sun, Liyue Lu, Yongqiang Wang, Chunchun Wang, Chao Lin, Kuangdi Xu, Yue Yong, Wenting Chen, Jiangang Song
BMJ Open.2024; 14(12): e084628. CrossRef
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General

Trends in Cancer Screening Rates among Korean Men and Women: Results of the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey, 2004–2018: Seri Hong, Yun Yeong Lee, Jaeho Lee, Yeol Kim, Kui Son Choi, Jae Kwan Jun, Mina Suh; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(2):330-338. Published online October 20, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.263

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The Korean National Cancer Screening Survey (KNCSS) is a nationwide annual cross-sectional survey conducted for the past 15 years. This study aimed to report trends in the overall screening rates of both organized and opportunistic cancer screening programs from 2004–2018.
Materials and Methods
KNCSS data were collected using a structured questionnaire. For five major cancers (i.e., stomach, liver, colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer), we evaluated both the lifetime screening rate and the screening rate with recommendations. The study population included men aged 40–74 years and women aged 20–74 years with no cancer histories.
Results
Screening rate with recommendations increased from 2004 annually by 4.4% and 1.5% until 2013 for stomach and liver cancers, respectively, by 4.0% until 2012 for breast cancer, and by 3.6% and 1.2% until 2014 for colorectal and cervical cancers, respectively, followed by nonsignificant trends thereafter. In 2018, screening rates with recommendations for these cancers were 72.8%, 26.2%, 63.1%, 58.4%, and 55.6%, respectively.
Conclusion
Screening rates for the five types of cancer demonstrated a marked increase between 2004 and 2018. However, many recent screening rates have been flattened with nonsignificant trends, and there are lower rates for cervical cancer screening among young age groups. Steady efforts are needed to achieve higher screening participation rates overall, especially for the cervical cancer screening of young women in their 20s.

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Beliefs and Intentions to Undergo Lung Cancer Screening among Korean Males: Nhung Cam Bui, Yoon Young Lee, Mina Suh, Boyoung Park, Hyunsoon Cho, Yeol Kim, Kui Son Choi; Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(4):1096-1105. Published online November 16, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.393

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has been reported as an effective screening method for lung cancer in high-risk populations. We aimed to examine willingness to be screened among Korean males using LDCT and to determine factors associated with lung cancer screening intentions (LCS) based on the Health Belief Model (HBM).
Materials and Methods
Data were obtained from the 2015 Korean National Cancer Screening Survey, a cross-sectional survey that utilized nationally representative random sampling. The survey included 1,730 male participants 40-74-year-old. Respondents were questioned regarding their willingness to undergo LCS and components of HBM. Factors associated with intentions to undergo screening were explored using logistic regression.
Results
Among participants, 65.2% were current smokers. Among high-risk subjects, 60.6% of men reported intentions to undergo LCS, compared to 49.9% of average-risk males. Men with higher perceived susceptibility in the average- and high-risk groups were, respectively, 1.63 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39 to 1.91) and 2.30 (95% CI, 1.14 to 4.63) times more likely to intend to undergo LCS compared to those with lower perceived barriers. Also, men in the average- and high-risk groups with higher perceived barriers to screening were, respectively, 0.79 (95% CI, 0.68 to 0.91) and 0.52 (95% CI, 0.29 to 0.92) times less likely to intend to undergo LCS compared to those with lower perceived barriers.
Conclusion
Tailored interventions designed to promote accurate perceptions of susceptibility and risk, as well as to reduce perceived barriers to screening, may effectively increase adherence to recommendations for LCS among high-risk Korean men.

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Factors influencing the intention for lung cancer screening in high-risk populations for lung cancer
Mi-Kyoung Cho, Yoon Hee Cho
Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing.2024; 11(1): 100332. CrossRef
Screening behaviors of high-risk individuals for lung cancer: A cross-sectional study
Yu-An Lin, Xiujing Lin, Yonglin Li, Fangfang Wang, Rachel Arbing, Weiti Chen, Feifei Huang
Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing.2024; 11(4): 100402. CrossRef
Speed and efficiency: evaluating pulmonary nodule detection with AI-enhanced 3D gradient echo imaging
Sebastian Ziegelmayer, Alexander W. Marka, Maximilian Strenzke, Tristan Lemke, Hannah Rosenkranz, Bernadette Scherer, Thomas Huber, Kilian Weiss, Marcus R. Makowski, Dimitrios C. Karampinos, Markus Graf, Joshua Gawlitza
European Radiology.2024; 35(4): 2237. CrossRef
A Health Inequity: Associations Between Cigarette Smoking Status and Mammogram Screening Among Women of Color
Danielle H Llaneza, Hanjoe Kim, Virmarie Correa-Fernández
Nicotine & Tobacco Research.2023; 25(1): 66. CrossRef
Motivation, acceptability and attitudes toward lung cancer screening among persons who attend a tobacco cessation program: A multicenter survey in Italy
Olivera Djuric, Paolo Giorgi Rossi, Elena Camelia Ivanciu, Salvatore Cardellicchio, Chiara Cresci, Laura Carozzi, Francesco Pistelli, Valentina Bessi, Patrizia Gai, Valentina Galli, Giacomo Lavacchini, Claudia Bricci, Giuseppe Gorini, Sandra Bosi, Eugenio
Preventive Medicine Reports.2023; 35: 102272. CrossRef
Temporal Evolution and Associated Factors of Adherence to Mammography Screening among Women in Spain: Results from Two National Health Surveys (2017–2020)
Silvia Portero de la Cruz, Luis M. Béjar, Jesús Cebrino
Healthcare.2023; 11(22): 2934. CrossRef
Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Lung Cancer Screening Health Belief Scale in Chinese Americans: A Methodological Study
Fang Lei, Wei-Ti Chen, Mary-Lynn Brecht, Zuo-Feng Zhang, Yuhe Hu, Tuzhen Xu, Siqian Wang, Eunice Lee
Journal of Nursing Measurement.2023; 31(4): 489. CrossRef
Adaptation and validation of the Chinese version of the lung cancer screening health belief scales
Yu-an Lin, Lisa Carter-Harris, Jia-ni Yang, Xiu jing Lin, Fei fei Huang
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Barriers and facilitators to uptake of lung cancer screening: A mixed methods systematic review
Yu-an Lin, Yu ting Hong, Xiu jing Lin, Jia ling Lin, Hui min Xiao, Fei fei Huang
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Lovoria B. Williams, Stephen W. Looney, Thomas Joshua, Amber McCall, Martha S. Tingen
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Evaluating Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs About Lung Cancer Screening Using Crowdsourcing
John Monu, Matthew Triplette, Douglas E. Wood, Erika M. Wolff, Danielle C. Lavallee, David R. Flum, Farhood Farjah
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Understanding the Associations between Smoking-Related Risk Perception, Interest in Quitting Smoking, and Interest in Lung Cancer Screening among Homeless Adult Smokers
Pooja Agrawal, Matthew Taing, Tzu-An Chen, Sean Reuven, Michael Businelle, Darla Kendzor, Eric Bernicker, Lorraine Reitzel
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(23): 8817. CrossRef

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Risk and Characteristics of Postcolonoscopy Interval Colorectal Cancer after a Positive Fecal Test: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Korea: Chang Kyun Lee, Kui Son Choi, Chang Soo Eun, Dong-Il Park, Dong Soo Han, Minjoo Yoon, Mina Suh, Jae Kwan Jun; Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(1):50-59. Published online February 24, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.027

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Fecal tests remain a mainstay of population-based colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs worldwide. However, data on interval CRC (iCRC) arising after follow-up colonoscopy of a positive fecal test are scarce. We conducted a nationwide population-based study to reveal the risk and characteristics of iCRC in this setting.
Materials and Methods
We searched the National Cancer Screening Program for CRC database in Korea (2005-2010). Incidence of iCRC within the program was estimated, then Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis was performed to determine the independent predictors of iCRC. The clinical characteristics of iCRC were compared with screen-detected CRC (sCRC).
Results
We identified 280 iCRC among 150,660 negative colonoscopies as a follow-up exam to a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT), and 2,427 sCRC. The overall incidence of iCRC was 0.49/1,000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.48 to 0.51). iCRC was more likely to occur in men (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.79; 95% CI, 1.39 to 2.30) and elderly patients (aHR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.38 to 2.28 in 65-74 years; aHR, 3.13, 95% CI, 2.13-4.60 in ≥ 75 years). The National Quality Improvement Program for colonoscopy reduced a short-term risk of iCRC (aHR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.27 to 0.87). Compared with sCRC, iCRC was more likely to occur in the proximal colon, be diagnosed at the localized stage, and have a lower CRC mortality (32.7 vs. 17.4%, 56.8 vs. 34.1%, 12.5 vs. 17.7%, respectively; all p < 0.05).
Conclusion
In a population-based CRC screening program with FIT, the burden of iCRC after follow-up colonoscopy was substantial. Men and elderly patients possess a significantly higher risk of iCRC.

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Overall and Annual Postcolonoscopy Colorectal Cancer Rates in a Large Integrated Healthcare Setting: A Cross-Sectional Study
Jeffrey K. Lee, James H-E. Kang, Sophie A. Merchant, Christopher D. Jensen, Nicholas E. Burr, Douglas A. Corley
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Post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer: A population-based cohort study of fecal occult blood test-positive colonoscopies
Bernard Denis, Alice Bertolaso, Isabelle Gendre, Philippe Perrin, Karima Hammas
Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology.2024; 48(2): 102285. CrossRef
Post-colonoscopy colorectal cancers in a national fecal immunochemical test-based colorectal cancer screening program
Pieter H. A. Wisse, Sybrand Y. de Boer, Marco Oudkerk Pool, Jochim S Terhaar sive Droste, Claudia Verveer, Gerrit A. Meijer, Evelien Dekker, Manon C. W. Spaander
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Association between Endoscopist Volume and Interval Cancers after Colonoscopy: Results from the National Colorectal Cancer Screening Program in Korea
Dong Jun Kim, Nan-He Yoon, Jae Kwan Jun, Mina Suh, Sunhwa Lee, Seongju Kim, Ji Eun Kim, Hooyeon Lee
Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 56(4): 1164. CrossRef
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Chi Thi-Du Tran, Mai Vu-Tuyet Nguyen, Mo Thi Tran, Thuy Thi-Van Tuong, Quang Hong Tran, Linh Cu Le, Huong Thi-Thu Pham, Nam Chi Bui, Hien Huy Vu, Tu Thi-Cam Nguyen, Phuong Que Ta, Hien Thi-Thu Ha, Dung Tuan Trinh, Hanh Thi-My Bui, Dien Quang Trinh, Khanh
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology.2022; 52(7): 707. CrossRef
Systematic review with meta‐analysis: the prevalence of post‐colonoscopy colorectal cancers using the World Endoscopy Organization nomenclature
James H.‐E. Kang, Nicole Evans, Siddharth Singh, Niloy J. Samadder, Jeffrey K. Lee
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Factors associated with false‐positive fecal immunochemical tests in a large German colorectal cancer screening study
Efrat L. Amitay, Katarina Cuk, Tobias Niedermaier, Korbinian Weigl, Hermann Brenner
International Journal of Cancer.2019; 144(10): 2419. CrossRef
Frequency and Characteristics of Interval Colorectal Cancer in Actual Clinical Practice: A KASID Multicenter Study
Kyeong Ok Kim, Kyu Chan Huh, Sung Pil Hong, Won Hee Kim, Hyuk Yoon, Sang Wook Kim, Yeon Soo Kim, Jong Ha Park, Jun Lee, Bum Jae Lee, Young Sook Park
Gut and Liver.2018; 12(5): 537. CrossRef

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Trends in Participation Rates for the National Cancer Screening Program in Korea, 2002-2012: Mina Suh, Seolhee Song, Ha Na Cho, Boyoung Park, Jae Kwan Jun, Eunji Choi, Yeol Kim, Kui Son Choi; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(3):798-806. Published online November 11, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.186

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP) in Korea supports cancer screening for stomach, liver, colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer. This study was conducted to assess trends in participation rates among Korean men and women invited to undergo screening via the NCSP as part of an effort to guide future implementation of the program in Korea.
Materials and Methods
Data from the NCSP for 2002 to 2012 were used to calculate annual participation rates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) by sex, insurance status, and age group for stomach, liver, colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer screening.
Results
In 2012, participation rates for stomach, liver, colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer screening were 47.3%, 25.0%, 39.5%, 51.9%, and 40.9%, respectively. The participation rates increased annually by 4.3% (95% CI, 4.0 to 4.6) for stomach cancer, 3.3% (95% CI, 2.5 to 4.1) for liver cancer, 4.1% (95% CI, 3.2 to 5.0) for colorectal cancer, 4.6% (95% CI, 4.1 to 5.0) for breast cancer, and 0.9% (95% CI, –0.7 to 2.5) for cervical cancer from 2002 to 2012.
Conclusion
Participant rates for the NCSP for the five above-mentioned cancers increased annually from 2002 to 2012.

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Why Do Some People Choose Opportunistic Rather Than Organized Cancer Screening? The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010-2012: Myung-Il Hahm, Hsueh-Fen Chen, Thaddeus Miller, Liam O’Neill, Hoo-Yeon Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(3):727-738. Published online October 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.243

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Although the Korean government has implemented a universal screening program for common cancers, some individuals choose to participate in opportunistic screening programs. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify factors contributing to the selection of organized versus opportunistic screening by the Korean general population.
Materials and Methods
Data from 11,189 participants aged ≥ 40 yearswho participated in the fifth KoreanNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2012) were analyzed in this study.
Results
A total of 6,843 of the participants (58.6%) underwent cancer screening, of which 6,019 (51.1%) participated in organized and 824 (7.5%) participated in opportunistic screening programs. Being female, older, highly educated, in the upper quartile of income, an ex-smoker, and a light drinker as well as having supplementary private health insurance and more comorbid conditions and engaging in moderate physical activity 1-4 days per week were related to participation in both types of screening programs. Being at least a high school graduate, in the upper quartile for income, and a light drinker, as well as having more comorbid conditions and engaging in moderate physical activities 1-4 days per week had a stronger effect on those undergoing opportunistic than organized screening.
Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that socioeconomic factors such as education and income, aswell as health status factors such as health-related quality of life and number of comorbid conditions and health behaviors such as drinking and engaging in moderate physical activity 1-4 days per week had a stronger influence on participation in an opportunistic than in an organized screening program for cancer.

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Jiayue Wang, Xianzhu Zhou, Huiyun Zhu, Wenbo Zhu, Zhantong Wang, Shengyong Wu, Shihan Xu, Yifan Qiu, Chanjuan Wang, Zhaoshen Li, Yiqi Du
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Regional population decline and health screening uptake in Korean adults: nationwide study using multilevel regression analysis
Wonjeong Jeong, Woorim Kim, Kyu-Tae Han
Frontiers in Public Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Sociocultural factors influencing women’s adherence to colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer screening: a systematic review
Ghaneshinee Sathiyaseelan, Syahnaz Mohd Hashim, Azmawati Mohammed Nawi
BMC Public Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Temporal Trend in Uptake of the National General Health Checkups and Cancer Screening Program among Korean Women with Breast Cancer
Thi Xuan Mai Tran, Soyeoun Kim, Chihwan Cha, Boyoung Park
Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 56(2): 522. CrossRef
Health screening disparities in people living with HIV; A nationwide organized screening setting
Boyoung Park, Yoonyoung Jang, Taehwa Kim, Yunsu Choi, Kyoung Hwan Ahn, Jung Ho Kim, Hye Seong, Youn Jeong Kim, Jun Yong Choi, Joon Young Song, Shin-Woo Kim, Sang Il Kim
Journal of Infection and Public Health.2024; 17(12): 102567. CrossRef
Impact of health disparities on national breast cancer screening participation rates in South Korea
Fatima Nari, Juwon Park, Nayeon Kim, Dong Jin Kim, Jae Kwan Jun, Kui Son Choi, Mina Suh
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Knowledge, willingness, uptake and barriers of cervical cancer screening services among Chinese adult females: a national cross-sectional survey based on a large e-commerce platform
Bo Zhang, Sumeng Wang, Xiyu Yang, Mingyang Chen, Wenhui Ren, Yanping Bao, Youlin Qiao
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Effect of gastric cancer screening on long-term survival of gastric cancer patients: results of Korean national cancer screening program
Xuan Quy Luu, Kyeongmin Lee, Jae Kwan Jun, Mina Suh, Kyu-Won Jung, Kui Son Choi
Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 57(7): 464. CrossRef
Organized Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening: Attendance and Determinants in Rural China
Huinan Han, Xiaoyu Wang, Yimei Zhu, Yuan Liang
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(14): 8237. CrossRef
Trends in breast cancer screening rates among Korean women: results from the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey, 2005-2020
Soo Yeon Song, Yun Yeong Lee, Hye Young Shin, Bomi Park, Mina Suh, Kui Son Choi, Jae Kwan Jun
Epidemiology and Health.2022; 44: e2022111. CrossRef
Trend analysis of process quality indicators for the Korean National Cervical Cancer Screening Program from 2005 to 2013
Cam Nhung Bui, Eunji Choi, Mina Suh, Jae Kwan Jun, Kyu Won Jung, Myong Cheol Lim, Kui Son Choi
Journal of Gynecologic Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Conditional Relative Survival and Competing Mortality of Patients with Prostate Cancer in Korea: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Jinsung Park, Kyungdo Han, Dong Wook Shin, Sang Hyun Park, Hyun Bin Shin
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.2021; 30(2): 326. CrossRef
Disparities in Liver Cancer Surveillance Among People With Disabilities
Jae Youn Seo, Dong Wook Shin, Su Jong Yu, Jin Hyung Jung, Kyungdo Han, In Young Cho, So Young Kim, Kui Son Choi, Jong Heon Park, Jong Hyock Park, Ichiro Kawachi
Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology.2021; 55(5): 439. CrossRef
Effect of Pap smear screening on cervical cancer stage at diagnosis: results from the Korean National Cancer Screening Program
Cam Nhung Bui, Seri Hong, Mina Suh, Jae Kwan Jun, Kyu Won Jung, Myong Cheol Lim, Kui Son Choi
Journal of Gynecologic Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Breast cancer screening disparities between women with and without disabilities: A national database study in South Korea
Dong Wook Shin, Jonghan Yu, Juhee Cho, Se Kyung Lee, Jin Hyung Jung, Kyungdo Han, So Young Kim, Jung Eun Yoo, Kyoung Eun Yeob, Yeon Yong Kim, Jong Heon Park, Jong Hyock Park, Ichiro Kawachi
Cancer.2020; 126(7): 1522. CrossRef
Disparities in the Participation Rate of Colorectal Cancer Screening by Fecal Occult Blood Test among People with Disabilities: A National Database Study in South Korea
Dong Wook Shin, Dongkyung Chang, Jin Hyung Jung, Kyungdo Han, So Young Kim, Kui Son Choi, Won Chul Lee, Jong Heon Park, Jong Hyock Park
Cancer Research and Treatment.2020; 52(1): 60. CrossRef
Patterns of percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) of the lung and risk of PTNB-related severe pneumothorax: A nationwide population-based study
Bo Ram Yang, Mi-Sook Kim, Chang Min Park, Soon Ho Yoon, Kum Ju Chae, Joongyub Lee, James West
PLOS ONE.2020; 15(7): e0235599. CrossRef
Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease and Stroke in Prostate Cancer Survivors: A Nationwide Study in South Korea
Dong Wook Shin, Kyungdo Han, Hyun Sik Park, Seung-Pyo Lee, Sang Hyun Park, Jinsung Park
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Incidentally detected atherosclerosis in the abdominal aorta or its major branches on computed tomography is highly associated with coronary heart disease in asymptomatic adults
Beomseok Suh, Yong Sub Song, Dong Wook Shin, Jiyeon Lim, Hyunbin Kim, Sa-Hong Min, Seung-Pyo Lee, Eun-Ah Park, Whal Lee, Hyejin Lee, Jin Ho Park, BeLong Cho
Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography.2018; 12(4): 305. CrossRef
Health Inequality in Health Checkups
Jungun Lee
Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2018; 39(2): 65. CrossRef
Disparities in Cervical Cancer Screening Among Women With Disabilities: A National Database Study in South Korea
Dong Wook Shin, Jeong-Won Lee, Jin Hyung Jung, Kyungdo Han, So Young Kim, Kui Son Choi, Jong Heon Park, Jong Hyock Park
Journal of Clinical Oncology.2018; 36(27): 2778. CrossRef
Comparison of cervical cancer screening among women with and without hysterectomies: a nationwide population-based study in Korea
Ji-Yeon Shin, Kui Son Choi, Mina Suh, Boyoung Park, Jae Kwan Jun
BMC Cancer.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

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Oncologists’ Experience with Patients with Second Primary Cancer and the Attitudes toward Second Primary Cancer Screening: A Nationwide Survey: Dong Wook Shin, Juhee Cho, Hyung Kook Yang, So Young Kim, Boram Park, BeLong Cho, Hyung Jin Kim, Young Jun Lee, Deog-Yeon Jo, Jong Hyock Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):600-606. Published online February 12, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.162

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Screening for second primary cancer (SPC) is one of the key components to survivorship care. We aim to evaluate the oncologists’ experience with SPCs and assess the current practice, perceived barriers, and recommendations related to SPC screening. Materials and Methods A nationwide survey was conducted with a representative sample of 496 Korean oncologists. A questionnaire based on the findings from our previous qualitative study was administered. Results More than three-fourths of oncologists (76.3%), who participated in the study, had experience with SPC patients. Over half of them (51.9%) stated that it was an embarrassing experience. While the current management practice for SPC varies, most oncologists (80.2%) agreed on the necessity in proactively providing information on SPC screening. A short consultation time (52.3%), lack of guidelines and evidence on SPC screening (47.7%), and patients’ lack of knowledge about SPCs (45.1%) or SPC screening (41.4%) were most frequently reported as barriers to providing appropriate care for managing SPC. Oncologists recommended the development of specific screening programs or guidelines in accordance to the type of primary cancer (65.9%), the development of an internal system for SPC screening within the hospital (59.7%) or systematic connection with the national cancer screening program (44.3%), and education of oncologists (41.4%) as well as patients (48.9%) regarding SPC screening. Conclusion Many oncologists reported the occurrence of SPC as an embarrassing experience. Given the variations in current practice and the lack of consensus, further studies are warranted to develop the optimal clinical strategy to provide SPC screening for cancer survivors.

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Cardiovascular risk and undertreatment of dyslipidemia in lung cancer survivors: A nationwide population-based study
In Young Cho, Kyungdo Han, Dong Wook Shin, Sang Hyun Park, Dong Woog Yoon, Sujeong Shin, Su-Min Jeong, Jong Ho Cho
Current Problems in Cancer.2021; 45(1): 100615. CrossRef
Developing an instrument to assess cancer patient preparedness for transition to survivorship care in Korea
Jung‐won Lim
Asian Social Work and Policy Review.2020; 14(3): 172. CrossRef
Second Primary Cancer after Treating Gastrointestinal Cancer
Jeong Youp Park
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2019; 74(4): 193. CrossRef
A national survey of lung cancer specialists’ views on low-dose CT screening for lung cancer in Korea
Dong Wook Shin, Sohyun Chun, Young Il Kim, Seung Joon Kim, Jung Soo Kim, SeMin Chong, Young Sik Park, Sang-Yun Song, Jin Han Lee, Hee Kyung Ahn, Eun Young Kim, Sei Hoon Yang, Myoung Kyu Lee, Deog Gon Cho, Tae Won Jang, Ji Woong Son, Jeong-Seon Ryu, Moon-J
PLOS ONE.2018; 13(2): e0192626. CrossRef
The Dyadic Effects of Family Cohesion and Communication on Health-Related Quality of Life: The Moderating Role of Sex
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Cancer Nursing.2018; 41(2): 156. CrossRef
Physicians’ attitudes towards the media and peer-review selection of the ‘best cancer doctor’: comparison of two different selection methods
Dong Wook Shin, Juhee Cho, Hyung Kook Yang, So Young Kim, Soohyeon Lee, Eun Joo Nam, Joo Seop Chung, Jeong-Soo Im, Keeho Park, Jong Hyock Park
BMJ Open.2018; 8(5): e019067. CrossRef

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Optimal Interval for Repeated Gastric Cancer Screening in Normal-Risk Healthy Korean Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study: Jong-Myon Bae, Sang Yop Shin, Eun Hee Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):564-568. Published online January 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.098

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
This retrospective cohort study was conducted to estimate the optimal interval for gastric cancer screening in Korean adults with initial negative screening results.
Materials and Methods
This study consisted of voluntary Korean screenees aged 40 to 69 years who underwent subsequent screening gastroscopies after testing negative in the baseline screening performed between January 2007 and December 2011. A new case was defined as the presence of gastric cancer cells in biopsy specimens obtained upon gastroscopy. The follow-up periods were calculated during the months between the date of baseline screening gastroscopy and positive findings upon subsequent screenings, stratified by sex and age group. The mean sojourn time (MST) for determining the screening interval was estimated using the prevalence/incidence ratio.
Results
Of the 293,520 voluntary screenees for the gastric cancer screening program, 91,850 (31.29%) underwent subsequent screening gastroscopies between January 2007 and December 2011. The MSTs in men and women were 21.67 months (95% confidence intervals [CI], 17.64 to 26.88 months) and 15.14 months (95% CI, 9.44 to 25.85 months), respectively.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that the optimal interval for subsequent gastric screening in both men and women is 24 months, supporting the 2-year interval recommended by the nationwide gastric cancer screening program.

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Setting a Health Policy Research Agenda for Controlling Cancer Burden in Korea: Sung-In Jang, Kyoung-Hee Cho, Sun Jung Kim, Kwang-Sig Lee, Eun-Cheol Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(2):149-157. Published online September 11, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.167

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The aim of study was to provide suggestions for prioritizing research in effort to reduce cancer burden in Korea based on a comprehensive analysis of cancer burden and Delphi consensus among cancer experts. Materials and Methods Twenty research plans covering 10 topics were selected based on an assessment of the literature, and e-mail surveys were analyzed using a two-round modified Delphi method. Thirty-four out of 79 experts were selected from four organizations to participate in round one, and 21 experts among them had completed round two. Each item had two questions; one regarding the agreement of the topic as a priority item to reduce cancer burden, and the other about the importance of the item on a nine-point scale. A consensus was defined to be an average lower coefficient of variation with less than 30% in importance. Results Seven plans that satisfied the three criteria were selected as priority research plans for reducing cancer burden. These plans are “research into advanced clinical guidelines for thyroid cancer given the current issue with over-diagnosis,” “research into smoking management plans through price and non-price cigarette policy initiatives,” “research into ways to measure the quality of cancer care,” “research on policy development to expand hospice care,” “research into the spread and management of Helicobacter pylori,” “research on palliative care in a clinical setting,” and “research into alternative mammography methods to increase the accuracy of breast cancer screenings.” Conclusion The seven plans identified in this study should be prioritized to reduce the burden of cancer in Korea. We suggest that policy makers and administrators study and invest significant effort in these plans.

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Trends in Cancer Screening Rates among Korean Men and Women: Results from the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey, 2004-2012: Mina Suh, Kui Son Choi, Yoon Young Lee, Jae Kwan Jun; Cancer Res Treat. 2013;45(2):86-94. Published online June 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.45.2.86

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
The Korean National Cancer Screening Survey (KNCSS), a nationwide, annual cross-sectional survey, has been conducted since 2004. The current study was conducted in order to report on trends in cancer screening rates for five types of cancer (stomach, liver, colorectal, breast, and cervix uteri).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
KNCSS data were collected between 2004 and 2012. The eligible study population included cancer-free men who were 40 years of age and older and women who were 30 years of age and older. The lifetime screening rate, screening rate with recommendation, and changes in annual rates were calculated.
RESULTS
Lifetime screening rates and screening rates with recommendation for the five types of cancer rose steadily until 2010, showed a slight drop or were stable in 2011, and increased again in 2012. On average, screening rates with recommendation have shown annual increases of 4.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.6 to 5.0%) for stomach cancer, 0.8% (95% CI, -0.5 to 2.1%) for liver cancer, 2.4% (95% CI, 1.3 to 3.5%) for colorectal cancer, 4.5% (95% CI, 3.9 to 5.1%) for breast cancer, and 1.3% (95% CI, 0.6 to 2.0%) for cervical cancer. Disparities in age groups and household incomes have been decreasing since 2004.
CONCLUSION
Cancer screening rates in Korea showed a significant increase from 2004 to 2012, and screening rates for gastric and breast cancer are now approaching 70%. The 10-Year Plan for Cancer Control target for screening rates was met or nearly met for all cancer types examined, with the exception of liver and colorectal cancer.

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Trends in Cancer Screening Rates among Korean Men and Women: Results from the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey (KNCSS), 2004-2011: Boyoung Park, Kui Son Choi, Yoon Young Lee, Jae Kwan Jun, Hong Gwan Seo; Cancer Res Treat. 2012;44(2):113-120. Published online June 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2012.44.2.113

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
The Korean National Cancer Screening Survey (KNCSS) is a nationwide survey conducted annually, since 2004. This study was conducted in order to report on trends in rates of cancer screening for five major cancers-stomach, liver, colorectal, breast, and cervix uteri in Korea.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Data collected by the KNCSS between 2004 and 2011 were used in this study. The eligible study population included cancer-free men who were 40 years old and over, and women who were 30 years old and over. Lifetime screening rate, screening rate with recommendation, and changes in annual rates were calculated.
RESULTS
Both lifetime screening rates and screening rates with recommendation have increased since 2004. On average, screening rates with recommendation have shown an annual increase of 4.2% (95% CI, 3.3 to 5.2%) for stomach cancer, 1.1% (95% CI, -0.5 to 2.7%) for liver cancer, 2.2% (95% CI, 0.8 to 3.6%) for colorectal cancer, 4.0% (95% CI, 3.0 to 4.9%) for breast cancer, and 0.2% (95% CI, -0.9 to 1.3%) for cervical cancer. Increases in rates of cancer screening, with the exception of liver and cervical cancers, were significant, and screening rates for stomach and breast cancer in particular showed a marked increase.
CONCLUSION
Cancer screening rates among Koreans showed a consistent increase from 2004 to 2011 and rates of screening for gastric, breast, and cervical cancer are approaching 70%.

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Trends in Cancer Screening Rates among Korean Men and Women: Results from the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey (KNCSS), 2004-2010: Eun-Ha Lee, Hoo-Yeon Lee, Kui Son Choi, Jae Kwan Jun, Eun-Cheol Park, Jin Soo Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2011;43(3):141-147. Published online September 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2011.43.3.141

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
The Korean National Cancer Screening Survey (KNCSS) is a continuous nationwide survey implemented by the National Cancer Center in Korea since 2004. The purpose of the present study was to report trends in cancer screening rates for the five major cancers (stomach, liver, colorectal, breast, and cervix uteri) in Korean men and women.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study used KNCSS data collected between 2004 and 2010. The survey was conducted on Korean men aged 40-74 years and Korean women aged 30-74 years with no history of cancer diagnosis. The annual percentage change and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were used to examine changes in annual screening rates.
RESULTS
Screening rates with recommendation increased by 4.4% annually for stomach cancer, 1.5% for liver cancer, 2.8% per year for colorectal cancer, 4.5% for breast cancer, and 1.2% for cervix uteri cancer. The increasing trend in cancer screening rates, with the exception of liver cancer, was significant.
CONCLUSION
Cancer screening rates have increased consistently from 2004 to 2010 among Korean men and women. Stomach and breast cancer screening rates in particular have increased markedly.

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Erratum

ERRATUM: Correction for Mistyped Inequality Sign: Cancer Res Treat. 2011;43(2):139-139. Published online June 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2011.43.2.139

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: No abstract available.

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Original Article

Results of Colorectal Cancer Screening of the National Cancer Screening Program in Korea, 2008: Jung Im Shim, Yeonju Kim, Mi Ah Han, Hoo-Yeon Lee, Kui Sun Choi, Jae Kwan Jun, Eun-Cheol Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2010;42(4):191-198. Published online December 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2010.42.4.191

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the current situation of national colorectal cancer screening by analyzing participation rates, positive rates of screening methods and screening rate of secondary screening tests in colorectal screening of the national cancer screening program in 2008.

Materials and Methods

With database about target population and screened individuals of the national cancer screening program, the results of target population and participants of colorectal cancer screening in 2008 were analyzed. Among adults aged over 50 years of medical aid and beneficiaries of national health insurance paying lower 50% premiums in the total subscribers, 4,640,365 were target population of colorectal cancer screening and the data of 984,915 undergoing fecal occult blood test (FOBT) as a primary screening were analyzed.

Results

The colorectal cancer screening rate was 21.2% and the rates of national health insurance subscribers, females and the elderly aged 60-64 years were higher than those of others. The recipients with a positive result in FOBT recorded approximately 7.5%. Medical aid beneficiaries (7.9%), males (8.8%) and seniors aged over 75 years (9.1%) showed higher positive rates than the average one. Out of the FOBT positive recipients, 43.0% took a secondary screening and the rate undergoing colonoscopy (31.4%) was higher than that of doing double-contrast barium enema test (11.6%).

Conclusion

Colorectal cancer screening rate of medical aid beneficiaries and people paying lower 50% premiums among national health insurance subscribers, was different according to demographic characters (gender, age and types of health insurance). This finding meant that screening for the vulnerable needed to be encouraged by considering socio-demographic characters. Additionally, more efforts were necessary to increase the secondary screening rate of people with a positive result in primary one.

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