Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Article

The Oncogenic Role of TNFRSF12A in Colorectal Cancer and Pan-Cancer Bioinformatics Analysis: Chuyue Wang, Yingying Zhao, You Chen, Ying Shi, Zhiying Yang, Weili Wu, Rui Ma, Bo Wang, Yifeng Sun, Ping Yuan; Received April 26, 2024 Accepted August 2, 2024 Published online August 9, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.408 [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Purpose
Cancer has become a significant major public health concern, making the discovery of new cancer markers or therapeutic targets exceptionally important. Elevated expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 12A (TNFRSF12A) expression has been observed in certain types of cancer. This project aims to investigate the function of TNFRSF12A in tumors and the underlying mechanisms.
Materials and Methods
Various websites were utilized for conducting the bioinformatics analysis. Tumor cell lines with stable knockdown or overexpression of TNFRSF12A were established for cell phenotyping experiments and subcutaneous tumorigenesis in BALB/c mice. RNA-seq was employed to investigate the mechanism of TNFRSF12A.
Results
TNFRSF12A was upregulated in the majority of cancers and associated with a poor prognosis. Knockdown TNFRSF12A hindered the colorectal cancer progression, while overexpression facilitated malignancy both in vitro and in vivo. TNFRSF12A overexpression led to increased nuclear factor кB (NF-κB) signaling and significant upregulation of baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3 (BIRC3), a transcription target of the NF-κB member RELA, and it was experimentally confirmed to be a critical downstream factor of TNFRSF12A. Therefore, we speculated the existence of a TNFRSF12A/RELA/BIRC3 regulatory axis in colorectal cancer.
Conclusion
TNFRSF12A is upregulated in various cancer types and associated with a poor prognosis. In colorectal cancer, elevated TNFRSF12A expression promotes tumor growth, potentially through the TNFRSF12A/RELA/BIRC3 regulatory axis.

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Special Article

Trends in Cancer-Screening Rates in Korea: Findings from the National Cancer Screening Survey, 2004-2023: EunKyo Kang, Kui Son Choi, Jae Kwan Jun, Yeol Kim, Hyeon Ji Lee, Chang Kyun Choi, Tae Hee Kim, Sun Hwa Lee, Mina Suh; Received March 31, 2024 Accepted August 1, 2024 Published online August 2, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.325 [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Purpose
This study aimed to report the overall national trends in the rates of cancer screening based on recommendations and provide insights into the changing trends of these rates across different demographics.
Materials and Methods
This study used data from the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey (KNCSS), which surveys nationwide cancer-screening rates and includes 4,500 individuals meeting the Korean National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP) protocol age criteria. Cancer-screening rates were assessed using structured questionnaires; yearly trends were analyzed for both lifetime cancer-screening rates and rates of screening based on recommendations, and subgroup analyses were performed based on age and sex.
Results
The rates of cancer screening based on recommendations showed significant increments: the stomach cancer-screening rate increased from 39.2% in 2004 to 77.5% in 2023 (3.50% per year), the liver cancer-screening rate increased from 20.0% to 48.8% (4.30% per year), and the colorectal cancer, increased from 19.9% to 70.7% (5.15% per year). The breast cancer-screening rate increased from 33.2% to 72.7% (2.88% per year), and the cervical cancer, increased from 58.3% to 70.2% (1.08% per year). Despite some differences, particularly in relation to sociodemographic factors, screening rates increased significantly for all cancer types.
Conclusion
Cancer-screening rates in Korea increased consistently from 2004 to 2023, demonstrating the effectiveness of the national cancer-screening program. However, the increments in breast, cervical and lung cancer-screening rates were relatively lower, indicating the need for additional efforts and strategies.

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Original Articles

Fecal Microbial Dysbiosis Is Associated with Colorectal Cancer Risk in a Korean Population: Jeongseon Kim, Madhawa Gunathilake, Hyun Yang Yeo, Jae Hwan Oh, Byung Chang Kim, Nayoung Han, Bun Kim, Hyojin Pyun, Mi Young Lim, Young-Do Nam, Hee Jin Chang; Received April 18, 2024 Accepted July 25, 2024 Published online July 26, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.382 [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
The association between the fecal microbiota and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk has been suggested in epidemiologic studies. However, data from large-scale population-based studies are lacking.
Materials and Methods
In this case-control study, we recruited 283 CRC patients from the Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center Hospital, Korea to perform 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal samples. A total of 283 age- and sex-matched healthy participants were selected from 890 cohort of healthy Koreans that are publicly available (PRJEB33905). The microbial dysbiosis index (MDI) was calculated based on the differentially abundant species. The association between MDI and CRC risk was observed using conditional logistic regression. Sparse Canonical Correlation Analysis was performed to integrate species data with microbial pathways obtained by PICRUSt2.
Results
There is a significant divergence of the microbial composition between CRC patients and controls (permutational multivariate analysis of variance p=0.001). Those who were in third tertile of the MDI showed a significantly increased risk of CRC in the total population (odds ratio [OR], 6.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.98 to 12.06; p-trend < 0.001) compared to those in the lowest tertile. Similar results were found for men (OR, 6.28; 95% CI, 3.04 to 12.98; p-trend < 0.001) and women (OR, 7.39; 95% CI, 3.10 to 17.63; p-trend < 0.001). Bacteroides coprocola and Bacteroides plebeius species and 12 metabolic pathways were interrelated in healthy controls that explain 91% covariation across samples.
Conclusion
Dysbiosis in the fecal microbiota may be associated with an increased risk of CRC. Due to the potentially modifiable nature of the gut microbiota, our findings may have implications for CRC prevention among Koreans.

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Gastrointestinal cancer

Longitudinal Comparative Analysis of Circulating Tumor DNA and Matched Tumor Tissue DNA in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Receiving Palliative First-Line Systemic Anti-Cancer Therapy: Seung-been Lee, Ji-Won Kim, Hong-Geun Kim, Sung-Hyun Hwang, Kui-Jin Kim, Ju Hyun Lee, Jeongmin Seo, Minsu Kang, Eun Hee Jung, Koung Jin Suh, Se Hyun Kim, Jin Won Kim, Yu Jung Kim, Jee Hyun Kim, Nak-Jung Kwon, Keun-Wook Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(4):1171-1182. Published online April 29, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.016

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
This study aimed to compare tumor tissue DNA (ttDNA) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to explore the clinical applicability of ctDNA and to better understand clonal evolution in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer undergoing palliative first-line systemic therapy.
Materials and Methods
We performed targeted sequencing analysis of 88 cancer-associated genes using germline DNA, ctDNA at baseline (baseline-ctDNA), and ctDNA at progressive disease (PD-ctDNA). The results were compared with ttDNA data.
Results
Among 208 consecutively enrolled patients, we selected 84 (41 males; median age, 59 years; range, 35 to 90 years) with all four sample types available. A total of 202 driver mutations were found in 34 genes. ttDNA exhibited the highest mutation frequency (n=232), followed by baseline-ctDNA (n=155) and PD-ctDNA (n=117). Sequencing ctDNA alongside ttDNA revealed additional mutations in 40 patients (47.6%). PD-ctDNA detected 13 novel mutations in 10 patients (11.9%) compared to ttDNA and baseline-ctDNA. Notably, seven mutations in five patients (6.0%) were missense or nonsense mutations in APC, TP53, SMAD4, and CDH1 genes. In baseline-ctDNA, higher maximal variant allele frequency (VAF) values (p=0.010) and higher VAF values of APC (p=0.012), TP53 (p=0.012), and KRAS (p=0.005) mutations were significantly associated with worse overall survival.
Conclusion
While ttDNA remains more sensitive than ctDNA, our ctDNA platform demonstrated validity and potential value when ttDNA was unavailable. Post-treatment analysis of PD-ctDNA unveiled new pathogenic mutations, signifying cancer’s clonal evolution. Additionally, baseline-ctDNA’s VAF values were prognostic after treatment.

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Association between Endoscopist Volume and Interval Cancers after Colonoscopy: Results from the National Colorectal Cancer Screening Program in Korea: Dong Jun Kim, Nan-He Yoon, Jae Kwan Jun, Mina Suh, Sunhwa Lee, Seongju Kim, Ji Eun Kim, Hooyeon Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(4):1164-1170. Published online April 16, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.009

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
The rate of interval colorectal cancer (iCRC) is now accepted as a key performance indicator of organized colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs. We aimed to examine the association between endoscopist volumes and the rate of iCRC among individuals with a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) within a nationwide population-based CRC screening program.
Materials and Methods
Individuals aged ≥ 50 years who underwent colonoscopy after a positive FIT from January 1, 2019 until December 31, 2020 in the Korean National Cancer Screening Program (KNCSP) were enrolled. We converted the data into per-endoscopist screening results, calculated the iCRC rates per endoscopist, and compared them to the previous year’s annual volume that was divided into five groups (V1, 1-9; V2, 10-29; V3, 30-59; V4, 60-119; V5, ≥ 120).
Results
A total of 10,412 endoscopists performed 216,907 colonoscopies. Overall, the average rate of iCRC per endoscopist was 8.46 per 1,000 examinations. Compared with the group with the highest volume (V5 group), the rate of iCRC was 2.21 times higher in the V1 group. Similar trends were observed in the other groups (V2: relative risks [RR], 2.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.57 to 2.94; V3: RR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.15 to 2.13; V4: RR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.67).
Conclusion
The findings emphasize that endoscopists with lower procedure volumes have higher risks of interval cancer being missed or undetected. To maximize the preventative impact of colonoscopy for CRC, this issue should be addressed by monitoring endoscopist volumes and variations in performances.

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The Persistence of Hypertriglyceridemia and the Risk of Early Onset Colorectal Cancer According to Tumor Subsites: A Nationwide Population-Based Study: Young Hoon Chang, Cheol Min Shin, Kyungdo Han, Jin Hyung Jung, Eun Hyo Jin, Joo Hyun Lim, Seung Joo Kang, Yoon Jin Choi, Hyuk Yoon, Young Soo Park, Nayoung Kim, Dong Ho Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(3):825-837. Published online December 20, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.753

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EoCRC) is increasing worldwide. The association between hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and EoCRC risk remains unclear.
Materials and Methods
We conducted a nationwide cohort study of 3,340,635 individuals aged 20-49 years who underwent health checkups between 2009 and 2011 under the Korean National Health Insurance Service. HTG was defined as serum triglyceride (TG) level ≥ 150 mg/dL. According to the change in TG status, participants were categorized into persistent normotriglyceridemia (NTG; group 1), NTG to HTG (group 2), HTG to NTG (group 3), and persistent HTG (group 4) groups. The EoCRC incidence was followed up until 2019.
Results
In total, 7,492 EoCRC cases developed after a mean of 6.05 years of follow-up. Group 4 had the highest risk of EoCRC (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.097; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.025 to 1.174). While the risk of rectal cancer was significantly increased in groups 3 and 4 (aHR [95% CI], 1.236 [1.076 to 1.419] and 1.175 [1.042-1.325], respectively), no significant risk differences were observed in right colon cancer. In group 4, male sex and diabetes were associated with a further increased risk of EoCRC (aHR [95% CI], 1.149 [1.082 to 1.221] and 1.409 [1.169 to 1.699], respectively). In addition, there was a dose-response relationship between serum TG levels and the risk of EoCRC (p for trends < 0.0001).
Conclusion
Persistent HTG increased the risk of EoCRC, which was significantly higher only for rectal cancer and marginally higher for other colonic subsites.

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Obesity-Associated Colorectal Cancer
Lucia Gonzalez-Gutierrez, Omar Motiño, Daniel Barriuso, Juan de la Puente-Aldea, Lucia Alvarez-Frutos, Guido Kroemer, Roberto Palacios-Ramirez, Laura Senovilla
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(16): 8836. CrossRef

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The Clinical Efficacy of Colorectal Cancer Patients with Pulmonary Oligometastases by Sterotactic Body Ablative Radiotherapy: A Meta-Analysis: Jae-Uk Jeong, Chai Hong Rim, Gyu Sang Yoo, Won Kyung Cho, Eui Kyu Chie, Yong Chan Ahn, Jong Hoon Lee, on behalf of Korean Oligometastasis Working Group, Korean Cancer Association; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(3):809-824. Published online December 14, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.920

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
There is increasing interest in the efficacy of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for treating colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with oligometastases (OM), recently. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate local control (LC), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) of CRC patients with pulmonary OM treated with SABR and toxicities.
Materials and Methods
Studies that reported SABR for CRC patients with pulmonary OM were searched from MEDLINE and Embase. Treatment outcomes including LC, PFS, OS, and toxicities of grade 3 or higher were assessed.
Results
A total of 19 studies with 1,668 patients were chosen for this meta-analysis. Pooled 1-, 2-, and 3-year LC rates were 83.1%, 69.3%, and 63.9%, respectively. PFS rates were 44.8%, 26.5%, and 21.5% at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. OS rates at 1-, 2-, and 3-year were 87.5%, 69.9%, and 60.5%, respectively. The toxicity rate of grade 3 or higher was 3.6%. The effect of dose escalation was meta-analyzed using available studies.
Conclusion
Application of SABR to CRC patients with pulmonary OM achieved modest local control with acceptable toxicity according to the present meta-analysis. Further studies establishing the clinical efficacy of SABR are guaranteed.

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A Phase 1b/2a Study of GC1118 with 5-Fluorouracil, Leucovorin and Irinotecan (FOLFIRI) in Patients with Recurrent or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Keun-Wook Lee, Sae-Won Han, Tae Won Kim, Joong Bae Ahn, Ji Yeon Baek, Sang Hee Cho, Howard Lee, Jin Won Kim, Ji-Won Kim, Tae-You Kim, Yong Sang Hong, Seung-Hoon Beom, Yongjun Cha, Yoonjung Choi, Seonhui Kim, Yung-Jue Bang; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(2):590-601. Published online December 7, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.1117

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
GC1118 is a novel antibody targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with enhanced blocking activity against both low- and high-affinity EGFR ligands. A phase 1b/2a study was conducted to determine a recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of GC1118 in combination with 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) (phase 1b) and to assess the safety and efficacy of GC1118 plus FOLFIRI as a second-line therapy for recurrent/metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) (phase 2a).
Materials and Methods
Phase 1b was designed as a standard 3+3 dose-escalation study with a starting dose of GC1118 (3 mg/kg/week) in combination with biweekly FOLFIRI (irinotecan 180 mg/m²; leucovorin 400 mg/m²; 5-fluorouracil 400 mg/m² bolus and 2,400 mg/m² infusion over 46 hours) in patients with solid tumors refractory to standard treatments. The subsequent phase 2a part was conducted with objective response rate (ORR) as a primary endpoint. Patients with KRAS/NRAS/BRAF wild-type, EGFR-positive, recurrent/metastatic CRC resistant to the first-line treatment were enrolled in the phase 2a study.
Results
RP2D of GC1118 was determined to be 3 mg/kg/wk in the phase 1b study (n=7). Common adverse drug reactions (ADRs) observed in the phase 2a study (n=24) were acneiform rash (95.8%), dry skin (66.7%), paronychia (58.3%), and stomatitis (50.0%). The most common ADR of ≥ grade 3 was neutropenia (33.3%). ORR was 42.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 23.5 to 62.0), and median progression-free survival was 6.7 months (95% CI, 4.0-8.0).
Conclusion
GC1118 administered weekly at 3 mg/kg in combination with FOLFIRI appears as an effective and safe treatment option in recurrent/metastatic CRC.

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Drug combinations of camptothecin derivatives promote the antitumor properties
Zhen Liu, Yajie Yuan, Ning Wang, Peng Yu, Yuou Teng
European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.2024; 279: 116872. CrossRef

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Differential Perspectives by Specialty on Oligometastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Korean Oligometastasis Working Group’s Comparative Survey Study: Won Kyung Cho, Gyu Sang Yoo, Chai Hong Rim, Jae-Uk Jeong, Eui Kyu Chie, Yong Chan Ahn, Hyeon-Min Cho, Jun Won Um, Yang-Gun Suh, Ah Ram Chang, Jong Hoon Lee, On behalf of the Oligometastasis Working Group, Korean Cancer Association; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(4):1281-1290. Published online June 7, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.479

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Despite numerous studies on the optimal treatments for oligometastatic disease (OMD), there is no established interdisciplinary consensus on its diagnosis or classification. This survey-based study aimed to analyze the differential opinions of colorectal surgeons and radiation oncologists regarding the definition and treatment of OMD from the colorectal primary.
Materials and Methods
A total of 141 participants were included in this study, consisting of 63 radiation oncologists (44.7%) and 78 colorectal surgeons (55.3%). The survey consisted of 19 questions related to OMD, and the responses were analyzed using the chi-square test to determine statistical differences between the specialties.
Results
The radiation oncologists chose “bone” more frequently compared to the colorectal surgeons (19.2% vs. 36.5%, p=0.022), while colorectal surgeons favored “peritoneal seeding” (26.9% vs. 9.5%, p=0.009). Regarding the number of metastatic tumors, 48.3% of colorectal surgeons responded that “irrelevant, if all metastatic lesions are amendable to local therapy”, while only 21.8% of radiation oncologist chose same answer. When asked about molecular diagnosis, most surgeons (74.8%) said it was important, but only 35.8% of radiation oncologists agreed.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates that although radiation oncologists and colorectal surgeons agreed on a majority of aspects such as diagnostic imaging, biomarker, systemic therapy, and optimal timing of OMD, they also had quite different perspectives on several aspects of OMD. Understanding these differences is crucial to achieving multidisciplinary consensus on the definition and optimal management of OMD.

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Barriers in Oligometastasis Care in Korea: Radiation Oncologists’ Perspectives
Eui Kyu Chie, Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Yong Chan Ahn
Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(4): 1063. CrossRef

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Clinical Significance of Combining Preoperative and Postoperative Albumin-Bilirubin Score in Colorectal Cancer: Doyoun Kim, Jae-Hoon Lee, Eun-Suk Cho, Su-Jin Shin, Hye Sun Lee, Hwa-Hee Koh, Kang Young Lee, Jeonghyun Kang; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(4):1261-1269. Published online April 17, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1444

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score is a well-known prognostic factor for various diseases, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, little is known about the significance of postoperative ALBI score changes in patients with CRC.
Materials and Methods
A total of 723 patients who underwent surgery were enrolled. Preoperative ALBI (ALBI-pre) and postoperative ALBI (ALBI-post) scores were divided into low and high score groups. ALBI-trend was defined as a combination of four groups comprising the low and high ALBI-pre and ALBI-post score groups. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to compare the overall survival (OS) between the different ALBI groups. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine the independent relevant factors of OS. Stratification performance was compared between the different ALBI groupings using Harrell’s concordance index (C-index).
Results
ALBI-pre, ALBI-post, and ALBI-trend score groups were significant prognostic factors of OS in the univariable analysis. However, multivariable analysis showed that ALBI-trend was an independent prognostic factor while ALBI-pre and ALBI-post were not. The C-index of ALBI-trend (0.622; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.587 to 0.655) was higher than that of ALBI-pre (0.589; 95% CI, 0.557 to 0.621; bootstrap mean difference, 0.033; 95% CI, 0.013 to 0.057) and ALBI-post (0.575; 95% CI, 0.545 to 0.605; bootstrap mean difference, 0.047; 95% CI, 0.024 to 0.074).
Conclusion
Combining ALBI-pre and ALBI-post scores is an independent prognostic factor of OS and shows superior predictive power compared to ALBI-pre or ALBI-post alone in patients with CRC.

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Assessment of the albumin-bilirubin score in breast cancer patients with liver metastasis after surgery
Li Chen, Chunlei Tan, Qingwen Li, Zhibo Ma, Meng Wu, Xiaosheng Tan, Tiangen Wu, Jinwen Liu, Jing Wang
Heliyon.2023; 9(11): e21772. CrossRef

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Review Article

Metastasis-Directed Local Therapy of Hepatic Oligometastasis from Colorectal Cancer and Future Perspective in Radiation Therapy: Gyu Sang Yoo, Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Jae-Uk Jeong, Eui Kyu Chie, Hyeon-Min Cho, Jun Won Um, Yong Chan Ahn, Jong Hoon Lee, on behalf of Korean Cancer Association Oligometastasis Working Group; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(3):707-719. Published online March 15, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1599

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Introduction of the concept for oligometastasis led to wide application of metastasis-directed local ablative therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). By application of the metastasis-directed local ablative therapies including surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR), the survival outcomes of patients with metastatic CRC have improved. The liver is the most common distant metastatic site in CRC patients, and recently various metastasis-directed local therapies for hepatic oligometastasis from CRC (HOCRC) are widely used. Surgical resection is the first line of metastatic-directed local therapy for HOCRC, but its eligibility is very limited. Alternatively, RFA can be applied to patients who are ineligible for surgical resection of liver metastasis. However, there are some limitations such as inferior local control (LC) compared with surgical resection and technical feasibility based on location, size, and visibility on ultrasonography of the liver metastasis. Recent advances in radiation therapy technology have led to an increase in the use of SABR for liver tumors. SABR is considered complementary to RFA for patients with HOCRC who are ineligible for RFA. Furthermore, SABR can potentially result in better LC for liver metastases > 2-3 cm compared with RFA. In this article, the previous studies regarding curative metastasis-directed local therapies for HOCRC based on the radiation oncologist’s and surgeon’s perspective are reviewed and discussed. In addition, future perspectives regarding SABR in the treatment of HOCRC are suggested.

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Original Articles

Gastrointestinal cancer

Overview of the National Cancer Screening Program for Colorectal Cancer in Korea over 14 Years (2004-2017): Bomi Park, Eun Young Her, Kyeongmin Lee, Fatima Nari, Jae Kwan Jun, Kui Son Choi, Mina Suh; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(3):910-917. Published online March 8, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1432

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the participation and follow-up test compliance rates and key performance indicators of the National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP) for colorectal cancer (CRC) from 2004 to 2017.
Materials and Methods
The overall outcomes of the NCSP for CRC were analyzed using the NCSP data collected from 2004 to 2017 and the Korean Central Cancer Registry for CRC from 2005 to 2017. We cross-sectionally analyzed the participation and follow-up test compliance rates and performance indicators for each year. The trend of participation rates as an annual percentage change was assessed, and other statistical analyses were performed.
Results
The screening participation rates increased from 7.3% in 2004 to 30.5% in 2017. Additionally, the screening rates were higher among individuals aged 60-69 years and National Health Insurance Service beneficiaries of low-income status. However, the adherence to the follow-up test decreased from 63% in 2004 to 32% in 2017. The follow-up tests using the double-contrast barium enema method decreased from 42.2% in 2004 to 0.3% in 2017. However, follow-up tests by colonoscopy increased from 21.0% in 2004 to 31.8% in 2017. Furthermore, the positivity, false-positive, and interval CRC rates decreased, whereas the specificity increased from 2004 to 2016, indicating improved performance of CRC.
Conclusion
The participation rates and performance of the NCSP for CRC have steadily improved, whereas adherence to follow-up tests has decreased. Additionally, there is a rapid growth in colonoscopy volume as a follow-up test. Continued efforts are required to improve the follow-up rates.

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Serum bilirubin levels and risk of colorectal cancer in Korean adults: results from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study-Health Examinee (KoGES-HEXA) Cohort Study
Hwayoung Noh, Jeeyoo Lee, Nazlisadat Seyed Khoei, Laia Peruchet-Noray, Daehee Kang, Beatrice Fervers, Karl-Heinz Wagner, Aesun Shin, Heinz Freisling
British Journal of Cancer.2024; 131(10): 1635. CrossRef
Association between Endoscopist Volume and Interval Cancers after Colonoscopy: Results from the National Colorectal Cancer Screening Program in Korea
Dong Jun Kim, Nan-He Yoon, Jae Kwan Jun, Mina Suh, Sunhwa Lee, Seongju Kim, Ji Eun Kim, Hooyeon Lee
Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 56(4): 1164. CrossRef
National cancer screening program for colorectal cancer in Korea
Seung Min Baik, Ryung-Ah Lee
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2023; 105(6): 333. CrossRef

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Circulating Tumor DNA Dynamics and Treatment Outcome of Regorafenib in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Dae-Won Lee, Yoojoo Lim, Hwang-Phill Kim, Su Yeon Kim, Hanseong Roh, Jun-Kyu Kang, Kyung‑Hun Lee, Min Jung Kim, Seung-Bum Ryoo, Ji Won Park, Seung-Yong Jeong, Kyu Joo Park, Gyeong Hoon Kang, Sae-Won Han, Tae-You Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(3):927-938. Published online March 7, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.268

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is emerging as a valuable non-invasive tool to identify tumor heterogeneity and tumor burden. This study investigated ctDNA dynamics in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with regorafenib.
Materials and Methods
In this prospective biomarker study, plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) samples obtained at baseline, at the first response evaluation after 2 cycles of treatment, and at the time of progressive disease were sequenced using a targeted next-generation sequencing platform which included 106 genes.
Results
A total of 285 blood samples from 110 patients were analyzed. Higher baseline cfDNA concentration was associated with worse progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). After 2 cycles of treatment, variant allele frequency (VAF) in the majority of ctDNA mutations decreased with a mean relative change of –31.6%. Decreases in the VAF of TP53, APC, TCF7L2, and ROS1 after 2 cycles of regorafenib were associated with longer PFS. We used the sum of VAF at each time point as a surrogate for the overall ctDNA burden. A reduction in sum (VAF) of ≥ 50% after 2 cycles was associated with longer PFS (6.1 vs. 2.7 months, p=0.002), OS (11.3 vs. 5.9 months, p=0.001), and higher disease control rate (86.3% vs. 51.1%, p < 0.001). VAF of the majority of the ctDNA mutations increased at the time of disease progression, and VAF of BRAF increased markedly.
Conclusion
Reduction in ctDNA burden as estimated by sum (VAF) could be used to predict treatment outcome of regorafenib.

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Adjuvant therapy for stage IIB + IIC melanoma
Parisa Malekzadeh, Mary S. Brady
Journal of Surgical Oncology.2024; 129(1): 91. CrossRef
Variant allele frequency in circulating tumor DNA correlated with tumor disease burden and predicted outcomes in patients with advanced breast cancer
Jianxin Zhong, Hanfang Jiang, Xiaoran Liu, Hao Liao, Feng Xie, Bin Shao, Shidong Jia, Huiping Li
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 204(3): 617. CrossRef
Stage-Specific Plasma Metabolomic Profiles in Colorectal Cancer
Tetsuo Ishizaki, Masahiro Sugimoto, Yu Kuboyama, Junichi Mazaki, Kenta Kasahara, Tomoya Tago, Ryutaro Udo, Kenichi Iwasaki, Yutaka Hayashi, Yuichi Nagakawa
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(17): 5202. CrossRef
Nivolumab plus anlotinib hydrochloride in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: the phase II OASIS trial
Jing Wu, Shilong Zhang, Shan Yu, Guo An, Yi Wang, Yiyi Yu, Li Liang, Yan Wang, Xiaojing Xu, YanShi Xiong, Di Shao, Zhun Shi, Nannan Li, Jingyuan Wang, Dawei Jin, Tianshu Liu, Yuehong Cui
Nature Communications.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Mutational evolution after chemotherapy‐progression in metastatic colorectal cancer revealed by circulating tumor DNA analysis
Sheehyun Kim, Yongjun Cha, Yoojoo Lim, Hanseong Roh, Jun‐Kyu Kang, Kyung‐Hun Lee, Min Jung Kim, Ji Won Park, Seung‐Bum Ryoo, Hwang‐Phill Kim, Seung‐Yong Jeong, Kyu Joo Park, Sae‐Won Han, Tae‐You Kim
International Journal of Cancer.2023; 153(3): 571. CrossRef
A Phase II Exploratory Study to Identify Biomarkers Predictive of Clinical Response to Regorafenib in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Who Have Failed First-Line Therapy
Karen Gambaro, Maud Marques, Suzan McNamara, Mathilde Couetoux du Tertre, Cyrla Hoffert, Archana Srivastava, Anna Schab, Thierry Alcindor, Adrian Langleben, Lucas Sideris, Mahmoud Abdelsalam, Mustapha Tehfe, Felix Couture, Gerald Batist, Petr Kavan
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 25(1): 43. CrossRef

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Colonoscopic Screening and Risk of All-Cause and Colorectal Cancer Mortality in Young and Older Individuals: Jung Ah Lee, Yoosoo Chang, Yejin Kim, Dong-Il Park, Soo-Kyung Park, Hye Yin Park, Jaewoo Koh, Soo-Jin Lee, Seungho Ryu; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(2):618-625. Published online September 19, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.852

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) and associated mortality have been increasing. However, the potential benefits of CRC screening are largely unknown in young individuals. We aimed to evaluate the effect of CRC screening with colonoscopy on all-cause and CRC mortality among young (aged < 45 years) and older (aged ≥ 45 years) individuals.
Materials and Methods
This cohort study included 528,046 Korean adults free of cancer at baseline who underwent a comprehensive health examination. The colonoscopic screening group was defined as those who reported undergoing colonoscopy for CRC screening. Mortality follow-up until December 31, 2019 was ascertained based on nationwide death certificate data from the Korea National Statistical Office.
Results
Colonoscopic screening was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality in both young and older individuals. Multivariable-adjusted time-dependent hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for all-cause mortality comparing ever- to never-screening were 0.86 (0.75-0.99) for young individuals and 0.71 (0.65-0.78) for older individuals. Colonoscopic screenings were also associated with a reduced risk of CRC mortality without significant interaction by age, although this association was significant only among participants aged ≥ 45 years, with corresponding time-dependent hazard ratios of 0.47 (0.15-1.44) for young individuals and 0.52 (0.31-0.87) for those aged ≥ 45 years.
Conclusion
Colonoscopic CRC screening decreased all-cause mortality among both young and older individuals, while significantly decreased CRC mortality was observed only in those aged ≥ 45 years. Screening initiation at an earlier age warrants more rigorous confirmatory studies.

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Effect of screening mammography on the risk of breast cancer deaths and of all-cause deaths: a systematic review with meta-analysis of cohort studies
Philippe Autier, Karsten Juhl Jørgensen, Michel Smans, Henrik Støvring
Journal of Clinical Epidemiology.2024; 172: 111426. CrossRef
Identifying Gaps in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Prevention, Screening, and Treatment in the Philippines
Luis Miguel B. Co, Robyn Gayle K. Dychiao, Michael Paolo R. Capistrano, Manolito T. Tayag, Erika P. Ong, Frances Dominique V. Ho, Michelle Ann B. Eala, Henri Cartier Co, Edward Christopher Dee, Marie Dione P. Sacdalan, Dennis L. Sacdalan
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2024; 31(12): 7685. CrossRef
Rising incidence and impact of early‐onset colorectal cancer in the Asia‐Pacific with higher mortality in females from Southeast Asia: a global burden analysis from 2010 to 2019
Pojsakorn Danpanichkul, Pinyada Moolkaew, Yatawee Kanjanakot, Natchaya Polpichai, Aunchalee Jaroenlapnopparat, Donghee Kim, Frank J. Lukens, Wahid Wassef, Michael B. Fallon, Vincent L. Chen, Rashid Lui, Karn Wijarnpreecha
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2023; 38(12): 2053. CrossRef

4,350 View
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3 Crossref

Universal Screening for Lynch Syndrome Compared with Pedigree-Based Screening: 10-Year Experience in a Tertiary Hospital: Min Hyun Kim, Duck-Woo Kim, Hye Seung Lee, Su Kyung Bang, Soo Hyun Seo, Kyung Un Park, Heung-Kwon Oh, Sung-Bum Kang; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(1):179-188. Published online March 21, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.1512

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Universal screening for Lynch syndrome (LS) refers to routine tumor testing for microsatellite instability (MSI) among all patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite its widespread adoption, real-world data on the yield is lacking in Korean population. We studied the yield of adopting universal screening for LS in comparison with pedigree-based screening in a tertiary center.
Materials and Methods
CRC patients from 2007-2018 were reviewed. Family histories were obtained and were evaluated for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) using Amsterdam II criteria. Tumor testing for MSI began in 2007 and genetic testing was offered using all available clinicopathologic data. Yield of genetic testing for LS was compared for each approach and step.
Results
Of the 5,520 patients, tumor testing was performed in 4,701 patients (85.2%) and family histories were obtained from 4,241 patients (76.8%). Hereditary CRC (LS or HNPCC) was present in 69 patients (1.3%). MSI-high was present in 6.9%, and 25 patients had confirmed LS. Genetic testing was performed in 41.2% (47/114) of MSI-high patients, out of which 40.4% (19/47) were diagnosed with LS. There were six additional LS patients found outside of tumor testing. For pedigree-based screening, Amsterdam II criteria diagnosed 55 patients with HNPCC. Fifteen of these patients underwent genetic testing, and 11 (73.3%) were diagnosed with LS. Two patients without prior family history were diagnosed with LS and relied solely on tumor testing results.
Conclusion
Despite widespread adoption of routine tumor testing for MSI, this is not a fail-safe approach to screen all LS patients. Obtaining a thorough family history in combination with universal screening provides a more comprehensive ‘universal’ screening method for LS.

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Colon cancer: the 2023 Korean clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis and treatment
Hyo Seon Ryu, Hyun Jung Kim, Woong Bae Ji, Byung Chang Kim, Ji Hun Kim, Sung Kyung Moon, Sung Il Kang, Han Deok Kwak, Eun Sun Kim, Chang Hyun Kim, Tae Hyung Kim, Gyoung Tae Noh, Byung-Soo Park, Hyeung-Min Park, Jeong Mo Bae, Jung Hoon Bae, Ni Eun Seo, Cha
Annals of Coloproctology.2024; 40(2): 89. CrossRef
Hereditary Colorectal Cancer: From Diagnosis to Surgical Options
Rami James N. Aoun, Matthew F. Kalady
Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Universal screening of colorectal tumors for lynch syndrome: a survey of patient experiences and opinions
Alexander T. Petterson, Jennifer Garbarini, Maria J. Baker
Hereditary Cancer in Clinical Practice.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Genetic Testing for Prostate Cancer, Urothelial Cancer, and Kidney Cancer
Hyunho Han, Minyong Kang, Seok-Soo Byun, Seok Joong Yun
Journal of Urologic Oncology.2023; 21(2): 128. CrossRef
Diagnosis of patients with Lynch syndrome lacking the Amsterdam II or Bethesda criteria
Miguel Angel Trujillo-Rojas, María de la Luz Ayala-Madrigal, Melva Gutiérrez-Angulo, Anahí González-Mercado, José Miguel Moreno-Ortiz
Hereditary Cancer in Clinical Practice.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Hereditary Colorectal Cancer: State of the Art in Lynch Syndrome
Antonio Nolano, Alessia Medugno, Silvia Trombetti, Raffaella Liccardo, Marina De Rosa, Paola Izzo, Francesca Duraturo
Cancers.2022; 15(1): 75. CrossRef

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Association of Body Mass Index with Survival in Asian Patients with Colorectal Cancer: Sangwon Lee, Dong Hee Lee, Jae-Hoon Lee, Su-Jin Shin, Hye Sun Lee, Eun Jung Park, Seung Hyuk Baik, Kang Young Lee, Jeonghyun Kang; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(3):860-872. Published online October 15, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.656

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The clinical significance of body mass index (BMI) on long-term outcomes has not been extensively investigated in Asian patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aims to describe the association between BMI and survival, plus providing BMI cut-off value for predicting prognosis in CRC patients.
Materials and Methods
A total of 1,182 patients who had undergone surgery for stage I-III CRC from June 2004 to February 2014 were included. BMI was categorized into four groups based on the recommendation for Asian ethnicity. The optimal BMI cut-off value was determined to maximize overall survival (OS) difference.
Results
In multivariable analysis, underweight BMI was significantly associated with poor OS (hazard ratio [HR], 2.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.55 to 3.71; p < 0.001) and obese BMI was associated with better OS (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.97; p=0.036) compared with the normal BMI. Overweight and obese BMI were associated with better recurrence-free survival (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.99; p=0.046 and HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.89; p=0.014, respectively) compared with the normal BMI group. BMI cutoff value was 20.44 kg/m². Adding the BMI cutoff value to cancer staging could increase discriminatory performance in terms of integrated area under the curve and Harrell’s concordance index.
Conclusion
Compared to normal BMI, underweight BMI was associated with poor survival whereas obese BMI was associated with better survival. BMI cut-off value of 20.44 kg/m² is a useful discriminator in Asian patients with CRC.

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Body mass index, weight change, and cancer prognosis: a meta-analysis and systematic review of 73 cohort studies
H. Wen, G. Deng, X. Shi, Z. Liu, A. Lin, Q. Cheng, J. Zhang, P. Luo
ESMO Open.2024; 9(3): 102241. CrossRef
Trends in Anticoagulant Utilization and Clinical Outcomes for Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: A Multicenter Cohort Study in Thailand's Upper-Middle–Income Country Setting
Kirati Kengkla, Surakit Nathisuwan, Warunsuda Sripakdee, Pirun Saelue, Kwanruethai Sengnoo, Aumkhae Sookprasert, Suphat Subongkot
JCO Global Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Post‐diagnosis adiposity and colorectal cancer prognosis: A Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) systematic literature review and meta‐analysis
Nerea Becerra‐Tomás, Georgios Markozannes, Margarita Cariolou, Katia Balducci, Rita Vieira, Sonia Kiss, Dagfinn Aune, Darren C. Greenwood, Laure Dossus, Ellen Copson, Andrew G. Renehan, Martijn Bours, Wendy Demark‐Wahnefried, Melissa M. Hudson, Anne M. Ma
International Journal of Cancer.2024; 155(3): 400. CrossRef
Low muscle mass-to-fat ratio is an independent factor that predicts worse overall survival and complications in patients with colon cancer: a retrospective single-center cohort study
Jiabao Tang, Jingwen Xu, Xiaohua Li, Chun Cao
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2024; 107(2): 68. CrossRef
Comment on “Dense Tumor‐Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) in Liver Metastasis From Colorectal Cancer Are Related to Improved Overall Survival”
Fuji Lai, Sheng Li, Zhonglei Shen
Journal of Surgical Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Obesity, the Adipose Organ and Cancer in Humans: Association or Causation?
Elisabetta Trevellin, Silvia Bettini, Anna Pilatone, Roberto Vettor, Gabriella Milan
Biomedicines.2023; 11(5): 1319. CrossRef
Higher body mass index was associated with better prognosis in diabetic patients with stage II colorectal cancer
Xiao-Yu Liu, Bing Kang, Yu-Xi Cheng, Chao Yuan, Wei Tao, Bin Zhang, Zheng-Qiang Wei, Dong Peng
BMC Cancer.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen to body mass index ratio contributes to prognosis prediction in colorectal cancer
Jia Xiang, Mengyao Ding, Jixing Lin, Tianhui Xue, Qianwen Ye, Bing Yan
Oncology Letters.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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A Hypoxia-Induced SCF^FBXL1 E3 Ligase Ubiquitinates and Degrades the MEN1 Tumor Suppressor to Promote Colorectal Cancer Tumorigenesis: Jun Zeng, Xiao-qing Xiao, Zhi-yong Zhou; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(2):525-540. Published online June 29, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.373

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Emerging evidence has shown that SKP1-cullin-1-F-box-protein (SCF) E3 ligases contribute to the pathogenesis of different cancers by mediating the ubiquitination and degradation of tumor suppressors. However, the functions of SCF E3 ligases in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) remain obscure.
Materials and Methods
The cancerous and adjacent noncancerous tissues from CRC patients were collected, and protein levels were analyzed. Lentiviral short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and plasmid transfection were used to knock down and overexpress gene expression in CRC cell lines. Immunoprecipitation (IP), mass spectrometry, and co-IP analyses were used to determine protein interactions and the assembly of the SCF complex. Cell proliferation, migration, and tumor xenograft assays were performed to examine the effects of SCF members on CRC cell growth in vitro and in vivo.
Results
Hypoxia activated the docking of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) onto the CUL1 promoter and induced CUL1 expression in CRC cells. CUL1 coupled with RBX1, SKP1, and FBXL1 to assemble the SCF^FBXL1 complex in CRC biopsies and cells. The SCF^FBXL1 E3 ligase specifically ubiquitinated and degraded the MEN1 tumor suppressor. Knockdown of HIF1α or SCF^FBXL1 members, or blockage of SCF^FBXL1 by two inhibitors (DT204 and SZLP1-41) caused the accumulation of MEN1 protein and led to a significant decrease in cell proliferation and migration in vitro and tumor growth in vivo.
Conclusion
The SCF^FBXL1 E3 ligase is required for the ubiquitination of MEN1, and disruption of this complex may represent a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of CRC.

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Role of protein degradation systems in colorectal cancer
Zihan Cui, Mingqi Cong, Shengjie Yin, Yuqi Li, Yuguang Ye, Xi Liu, Jing Tang
Cell Death Discovery.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Spatially resolved transcriptomics revealed local invasion-related genes in colorectal cancer
Hong-Tao Liu, Si-Yuan Chen, Ling-Long Peng, Li Zhong, Li Zhou, Si-Qi Liao, Zhi-Ji Chen, Qing-Liang Wang, Song He, Zhi-Hang Zhou
Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Estrogen-dependent activation of NCOA3 couples with p300 and NF-κB to mediate antiapoptotic genes in ER-positive breast cancer cells
Jun Wang, Zhiyong Zhou
Discover Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Rational targeting of autophagy in colorectal cancer therapy: From molecular interactions to pharmacological compounds
Canhui Jin, Tianbao Wang, Yanhui Yang, Pin Zhou, Juncheng Li, Wenhao Wu, Xin Lv, Guoqing Ma, Aihong Wang
Environmental Research.2023; 227: 115721. CrossRef

6,482 View
142 Download
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4 Crossref

Machine Learning Model for Predicting Postoperative Survival of Patients with Colorectal Cancer: Mohamed Hosny Osman, Reham Hosny Mohamed, Hossam Mohamed Sarhan, Eun Jung Park, Seung Hyuk Baik, Kang Young Lee, Jeonghyun Kang; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(2):517-524. Published online June 15, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.206

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Machine learning (ML) is a strong candidate for making accurate predictions, as we can use large amount of data with powerful computational algorithms. We developed a ML based model to predict survival of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) using data from two independent datasets.
Materials and Methods
A total of 364,316 and 1,572 CRC patients were included from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) and a Korean dataset, respectively. As SEER combines data from 18 cancer registries, internal validation was done using 18-Fold-Cross-Validation then external validation was performed by testing the trained model on the Korean dataset. Performance was evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), sensitivity and positive predictive values.
Results
Clinicopathological characteristics were significantly different between the two datasets and the SEER showed a significant lower 5-year survival rate compared to the Korean dataset (60.1% vs. 75.3%, p < 0.001). The ML-based model using the Light gradient boosting algorithm achieved a better performance in predicting 5-year-survival compared to American Joint Committee on Cancer stage (AUROC, 0.804 vs. 0.736; p < 0.001). The most important features which influenced model performance were age, number of examined lymph nodes, and tumor size. Sensitivity and positive predictive values of predicting 5-year-survival for classes including dead or alive were reported as 68.14%, 77.51% and 49.88%, 88.1% respectively in the validation set. Survival probability can be checked using the web-based survival predictor (http://colorectalcancer.pythonanywhere.com).
Conclusion
ML-based model achieved a much better performance compared to staging in individualized estimation of survival of patients with CRC.

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New perspectives on cancer clinical research in the era of big data and machine learning
Shujun Li, Hang Yi, Qihao Leng, You Wu, Yousheng Mao
Surgical Oncology.2024; 52: 102009. CrossRef
SAGL: A self-attention-based graph learning framework for predicting survival of colorectal cancer patients
Ping Yang, Hang Qiu, Xulin Yang, Liya Wang, Xiaodong Wang
Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine.2024; 249: 108159. CrossRef
The development and validation of automated machine learning models for predicting lymph node metastasis in Siewert type II T1 adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction
Chenghao Lu, Lu Liu, Minyue Yin, Jiaxi Lin, Shiqi Zhu, Jingwen Gao, Shuting Qu, Guoting Xu, Lihe Liu, Jinzhou Zhu, Chunfang Xu
Frontiers in Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Machine learning for predicting colon cancer recurrence
Erkan Kayikcioglu, Arif Hakan Onder, Burcu Bacak, Tekin Ahmet Serel
Surgical Oncology.2024; 54: 102079. CrossRef
Precision prognosis of colorectal cancer: a multi-tiered model integrating microsatellite instability genes and clinical parameters
Yonghong Wang, Ke Liu, Wanbin He, Jie Dan, Mingjie Zhu, Lei Chen, Wenjie Zhou, Ming Li, Jiangpeng Li
Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Light gradient boost tree classifier predictions on appendicitis with periodontal disease from biochemical and clinical parameters
Pradeep Kumar Yadalam, Prathiksha Vedhavalli Thirukkumaran, Prabhu Manickam Natarajan, Carlos M. Ardila
Frontiers in Oral Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Enhanced prediction of preoperative mesenteric lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer using machine learning with CT‐based data
Lanni Zhou, Lizhu Ouyang, Baoliang Guo, Xiyi Huang, Shaomin Yang, Jialing Pan, Liwen Wang, Ming Chen, Fan Xie, Yunjing Li, Yongxing Du, Xinjie Chen, Qiugen Hu, Fusheng Ouyang
MedComm – Future Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Gopal Nath, Austin Coursey, Yang Li, Srikanth Prabhu, Harish Garg, Shaymal C. Halder, Saptarshi Sengupta
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Tadashi Miyagawa, Marina Saga, Minami Sasaki, Miyuki Shimizu, Akira Yamaura, Alvan Ukachukwu
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Machine learning for prediction of in-hospital mortality in lung cancer patients admitted to intensive care unit
Tianzhi Huang, Dejin Le, Lili Yuan, Shoujia Xu, Xiulan Peng, Samuele Ceruti
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Application of Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Cancer
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Advances in Clinical Medicine.2023; 13(03): 3942. CrossRef
Clinicopathologic and prognostic factors of patients with T3/T4 colorectal signet ring cell carcinoma: a population-based study
Fan Zhang, Boqi Xu, Yao Peng, Zhongqi Mao
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.2023; 149(12): 9747. CrossRef
Using machine learning algorithms to predict 28-day mortality in critically ill elderly patients with colorectal cancer
Chunxia Guo, Jun Pan, Shan Tian, Yuanjun Gao
Journal of International Medical Research.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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Gastrointestinal Cancer

Neurocognitive Effects of Chemotherapy for Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis of 11 Studies: Soo Young Hwang, Kwanghyun Kim, Byeonggwan Ha, Dongkyu Lee, Seonung Kim, Seongjun Ryu, Jisu Yang, Sun Jae Jung; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(4):1134-1147. Published online March 17, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.1191

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a controversial concept not much explored on colorectal cancer patients.
Materials and Methods
We identified 11 prospective studies: eight studies on 696 colorectal cancer patients who received chemotherapy and three studies on 346 rectal cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) of neuropsychological test results and the cognitive quality-of-life scale were calculated using random effect models. A meta-regression was conducted to investigate the association between mean study population age and effect sizes.
Results
The association between chemotherapy and cognitive impairment was not clear in colorectal cancer patients (SMD, 0.003; 95% confidence interval, ‒0.080 to 0.086). However, a meta-regression showed that older patients are more vulnerable to CRCI than younger patients (β=‒0.016, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Chemotherapy has an overall positive negligible effect size on the cognitive function of colorectal patients. Age is a significant moderator of CRCI.

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Research Progress: Exploring the Long-term Survival Status of Colorectal Cancer Survivors
Zhaobei Cai, Qianqian Chen, Enqiang Linghu
Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal.2024; 13(2): 34. CrossRef
Neurocognitive function and quality-of-life in patients with colorectal cancer
Ann M. Berger, Jean Grem, Matthew Garlinghouse, Elizabeth Lyden, Kendra Schmid
European Journal of Oncology Nursing.2023; 64: 102304. CrossRef
The impact of chemotherapy on cognitive performance post‐surgery in patients with colorectal cancer: A prospective cohort study
Marie‐Rose Dwek, Stanton P. Newman, Stefano Brini, Pru Holder, Michael Machesney, David Propper, Lorna R. Rixon, Shashivadan P. Hirani, Catherine S. Hurt
Psycho-Oncology.2023; 32(7): 1057. CrossRef
Virtual Reality-Based Exercise Rehabilitation in Cancer-Related Dysfunctions: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Zhenzhen Su, Liyan Zhang, Xuemin Lian, Miaomiao Guan
Journal of Medical Internet Research.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Long-term neurocognitive function after whole-brain radiotherapy in patients with melanoma brain metastases in the era of immunotherapy
Martin Salzmann, Klaus Hess, Kristin Lang, Alexander H. Enk, Berit Jordan, Jessica C. Hassel
Strahlentherapie und Onkologie.2022; 198(10): 884. CrossRef
Chemotherapy-induced functional brain abnormality in colorectal cancer patients: a resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Siwen Liu, Yesong Guo, Jie Ni, Na Yin, Chenchen Li, Xuan Pan, Rong Ma, Jianzhong Wu, Shengwei Li, Xiaoyou Li
Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Neurological Complications of Conventional and Novel Anticancer Treatments
Paola Alberti, Alessandro Salvalaggio, Andreas A. Argyriou, Jordi Bruna, Andrea Visentin, Guido Cavaletti, Chiara Briani
Cancers.2022; 14(24): 6088. CrossRef
Effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy on cognitive impairment in colorectal cancer: evidence from Korean National Health Insurance Database Cohort
Kwanghyun Kim, Chang Woo Kim, Aesun Shin, Hyunseok Kang, Sun Jae Jung
Epidemiology and Health.2021; 43: e2021093. CrossRef

8,012 View
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Pulmonary Metastasectomy in Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study Using the Korean National Health Insurance Database: Woo Sik Yu, Mi Kyung Bae, Jung Kyu Choi, Young Ki Hong, In Kyu Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(4):1104-1112. Published online January 15, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.1213

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The study aimed to investigate the current status and prognostic factors for overall survival in patients who had undergone pulmonary metastasectomy for colorectal cancer.
Materials and Methods
The data of 2,573 patients who had undergone pulmonary metastasectomy after surgery for colorectal cancer between January 2009 and December 2014 were extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance Service claims database. Patient-, colorectal cancer–, pulmonary metastasis–, and hospital-related factors were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards analysis to identify prognostic factors for overall survival after pulmonary metastasectomy.
Results
The mean age of the patients was 60.9±10.5 years; 66.2% and 79.1% of the participants were male and had distally located colorectal cancer, respectively. Wedge resection (71.7%) was the most frequent extent of pulmonary resection; 21.8% of the patients underwent repeated pulmonary metastasectomies; 73% of pulmonary metastasectomy cases were performed in tertiary hospitals; 53.9% of patients were treated in Seoul area; 82% of patients received chemotherapy in conjunction with pulmonary metastasectomy. The median survival duration was 51.8 months. The 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 67.7% and 39.4%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, female sex, distally located colorectal cancer, pulmonary metastasectomy-only treatment, and high hospital volume (> 10 pulmonary metastasectomy cases/yr) were positive prognostic factors for survival.
Conclusion
Pulmonary metastasectomy seemed to provide long-term survival of patients with colorectal cancer. The female sex, presence of distally located colorectal cancer, and performance of pulmonary metastasectomy in high-volume centers were positive prognostic factors for survival.

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Filippo Banchini, Enrico Luzietti, Gerardo Palmieri, Deborah Bonfili, Andrea Romboli, Luigi Conti, Patrizio Capelli
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Hong Yang, Lei Chen, Xiuxiu Wu, Chenghai Zhang, Zhendan Yao, Jiadi Xing, Ming Cui, Beihai Jiang, Xiangqian Su
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The Pulmonary Metastasectomy in Colorectal Cancer cohort study: Analysis of case selection, risk factors and survival in a prospective observational study of 512 patients
Tom Treasure, Vernon Farewell, Fergus Macbeth, Tim Batchelor, Mišel Milošević, Juliet King, Yan Zheng, Pauline Leonard, Norman R. Williams, Chris Brew‐Graves, Lesley Fallowfield
Colorectal Disease.2021; 23(7): 1793. CrossRef

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Association between ALDH2 and ADH1B Polymorphisms and the Risk for Colorectal Cancer in Koreans: Chang Kyun Choi, Min-Ho Shin, Sang-Hee Cho, Hye-Yeon Kim, Wei Zheng, Jirong Long, Sun-Seog Kweon; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(3):754-762. Published online December 24, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.478

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Excessive alcohol consumption has been linked to an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). We evaluated the association between alcohol-related genetic variants and CRC risk.
Materials and Methods
The study cohort consisted of 5,435 CRC cases and 3,553 population-based cancer-free controls. Genotype data were generated from germline DNA using the Infinium OncoArray-500K BeadChip in 2,535 cases and 2,287 controls and the Infinium Multi-Ethnic Global BeadChip in 2,900 cases and 1,266 controls. The associations between aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) rs671 and alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B) rs1229984 polymorphisms and CRC risk were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analyses.
Results
Compared with the major homozygous ALDH2 genotype (GG), heterozygous or minor homozygous ALDH2 genotype (GA or AA, related to a low alcohol consumption) was significantly associated with a reduced risk for CRC in men (odds ratio [OR], 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.68 to 0.90), but not in women (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.47 to 1.05). A stronger association was found among regular drinkers (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.71 in men and OR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.58 in women). No association of CRC risk with ADH1B rs1229984 genotype was found. The association between alcohol-related combined genotypes and risk of CRC was significant (p for linear=0.001). The combined genotype with the highest genetically predicted alcohol consumption (ALDH2 rs671 GG and ADH1B rs1229984 AG/GG) was associated with a high risk for CRC (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.63).
Conclusion
Our study provides strong evidence for a possible causal association between alcohol consumption and CRC risk.

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Potentially functional genetic variants in interferon regulatory factor family genes are associated with colorectal cancer survival
Xiaoxia Tong, Chenghui Li, Li Ma, Di Wu, Yonglei Liu, Liqin Zhao, Mengyun Wang
Molecular Carcinogenesis.2024; 63(9): 1669. CrossRef
Impacts of ADH1B rs1229984 and ALDH2 rs671 polymorphisms on risks of alcohol‐related disorder and cancer
Ting‐Gang Chang, Ting‐Ting Yen, Chia‐Yi Wei, Tzu‐Hung Hsiao, I‐Chieh Chen
Cancer Medicine.2023; 12(1): 747. CrossRef
TP73-AS1 rs3737589 Polymorphism is Associated With the Clinical Stage of Colorectal Cancer
Yichang Gao, Shulong Zhang, Xueren Gao, Vijaya Anand
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Identifying and analyzing the key genes shared by papillary thyroid carcinoma and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis using bioinformatics methods
Ting-ting Liu, De-tao Yin, Nan Wang, Na Li, Gang Dong, Meng-fan Peng
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
No association between genetically predicted C-reactive protein levels and colorectal cancer survival in Korean: two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis
Chang Kyun Choi, Jung-Ho Yang, Min-Ho Shin, Sang-Hee Cho, Sun-Seog Kweon
Epidemiology and Health.2023; 45: e2023039. CrossRef
Genetically determined alcohol consumption and cancer risk in Korea
Keum Ji Jung, Ji Woo Baek, Sang Yop Shin, Sun Ha Jee
Epidemiology and Health.2023; 45: e2023077. CrossRef
Dysregulated Expression of Three Genes in Colorectal Cancer Stratifies Patients into Three Risk Groups
Alba Rodriguez, Luís Antonio Corchete, José Antonio Alcazar, Juan Carlos Montero, Marta Rodriguez, Luis Miguel Chinchilla-Tábora, Rosario Vidal Tocino, Carlos Moyano, Saray Muñoz-Bravo, José María Sayagués, Mar Abad
Cancers.2022; 14(17): 4076. CrossRef
Alcohol metabolism genes and risks of site‐specific cancers in Chinese adults: An 11‐year prospective study
Pek Kei Im, Ling Yang, Christiana Kartsonaki, Yiping Chen, Yu Guo, Huaidong Du, Kuang Lin, Rene Kerosi, Alex Hacker, Jingchao Liu, Canqing Yu, Jun Lv, Robin G. Walters, Liming Li, Zhengming Chen, Iona Y. Millwood
International Journal of Cancer.2022; 150(10): 1627. CrossRef
The Roles of Drug Metabolism-Related ADH1B in Immune Regulation and Therapeutic Response of Ovarian Cancer
Zhijie Xu, Bi Peng, Fanhua Kang, Wenqin Zhang, Muzhang Xiao, Jianbo Li, Qianhui Hong, Yuan Cai, Wei Liu, Yuanliang Yan, Jinwu Peng
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Alcoholic liver disease: a new insight into the pathogenesis of liver disease
Seol Hee Park, Young-Sun Lee, Jaemin Sim, Seonkyung Seo, Wonhyo Seo
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MMP2 Polymorphisms and Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility in a Chinese Han Population
Xu Liu, Kelaier Yang, Zhangfu Li, Jikui Liu
International Journal of General Medicine.2022; Volume 15: 6009. CrossRef
ALDH2 gene rs671 G > a polymorphism and the risk of colorectal cancer: A hospital‐based study
Zhuoxin Zhang, Yijin Chen, Qingqing Zhuo, Changqing Deng, Yang Yang, Wen Luo, Shixun Lai, Hui Rao
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Risk of Death in Colorectal Cancer Patients with Multi-morbidities of Metabolic Syndrome: A Retrospective Multicohort Analysis: Qingting Feng, Lingkai Xu, Lin Li, Junlan Qiu, Ziwei Huang, Yiqing Jiang, Tao Wen, Shun Lu, Fang Meng, Xiaochen Shu; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(3):714-723. Published online December 2, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.481

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The prevalence of multi-morbidities with colorectal cancer (CRC) is known to be increasing. Particularly prognosis of CRC patients co-diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) was largely unknown. We aimed to examine the death risk of CRC patients according to the multiple MetSyn morbidities.
Materials and Methods
We identified CRC patients with MetSyn from the electronic medical records (EMR) systems in five independent hospitals during 2006-2011. Information on deaths was jointly retrieved from EMR, cause of death registry and chronic disease surveillance as well as study-specific questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate the overall and CRC-specific hazards ratios (HR) comparing MetSyn CRC cohort with reference CRC cohort.
Results
A total of 682 CRC patients in MetSyn CRC cohort were identified from 24 months before CRC diagnosis to 1 month after. During a median follow-up of 92 months, we totally observed 584 deaths from CRC, 245 being in MetSyn cohort and 339 in reference cohort. Overall, MetSyn CRC cohort had an elevated risk of CRC-specific mortality (HR, 1.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 1.90) and overall mortality (HR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.84) compared to reference cohort after multiple adjustment. Stratified analyses showed higher mortality risk among women (HR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.04 to 2.27) and specific components of MetSyn. Notably, the number of MetSyn components was observed to be significantly related to CRC prognosis.
Conclusion
Our findings supported that multi-morbidities of MetSyn associated with elevated death risk after CRC. MetSyn should be considered as an integrated medical condition more than its components in CRC prognostic management.

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Circulating tryptophan–kynurenine pathway metabolites are associated with all‐cause mortality among patients with stage I–III colorectal cancer
Victoria Damerell, Niels Klaassen‐Dekker, Stefanie Brezina, Jennifer Ose, Arve Ulvik, Eline H. van Roekel, Andreana N. Holowatyj, Andreas Baierl, Jürgen Böhm, Martijn J. L. Bours, Hermann Brenner, Johannes H. W. de Wilt, William M. Grady, Nina Habermann,
International Journal of Cancer.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The metabolic syndrome and its components as prognostic factors in colorectal cancer: A meta‐analysis and systematic review
Bo Lu, Jia‐Ming Qian, Jing‐Nan Li
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2023; 38(2): 187. CrossRef
Dysbiotic microbiome variation in colorectal cancer patients is linked to lifestyles and metabolic diseases
Tung Hoang, Minjung Kim, Ji Won Park, Seung-Yong Jeong, Jeeyoo Lee, Aesun Shin
BMC Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparing Long-Term Survival Outcomes for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients Who Underwent with Radical Cystectomy and Bladder-Sparing Trimodality Therapy: A Multicentre Cohort Analysis
Junlan Qiu, Haifeng Zhang, Dongkui Xu, Lin Li, Lingkai Xu, Yiqing Jiang, Tao Wen, Shun Lu, Fang Meng, Lin Feng, Xiaochen Shu, Pierfrancesco Franco
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Cosmc transfection decreases malignant behavior of Tn+ cells and enhances sensitivity to apoptosis when induced by Apo2L/TRAIL via alteration of O-glycan structure
Ruisong Ding, Xingyou Hu, Wen Hu, Zhenzhen Du, Panpan Huang, Mengyang Wang, Jiaoyue Sheng, Yanchao Ma, Ailing Wang, Xiying Luan, Menghua Dong, Qizhi Cao, Yanfen Zou, Tao Hu
Aging.2021; 13(19): 23393. CrossRef

5,899 View
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Optimal Maintenance Strategy for First-Line Oxaliplatin-Containing Therapy with or without Bevacizumab in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis: Toshikazu Moriwaki, Masahiko Gosho, Akinori Sugaya, Takeshi Yamada, Yoshiyuki Yamamoto, Ichinosuke Hyodo; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(3):703-713. Published online December 1, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.805

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
Maintenance therapy after oxaliplatin withdrawal is useful in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). This study aimed to investigate the timing of discontinuation or reintroduction of oxaliplatin and the optimal maintenance therapy regimen for survival.
Materials and Methods
PubMed and conference abstracts were searched to select phase II and III trials of first-line oxaliplatin-containing therapy with or without bevacizumab using maintenance therapy for mCRC. Correlations of median overall survival (OS) with induction therapy regimens, induction therapy duration, maintenance therapy regimens (fluoropyrimidine plus bevacizumab [FP+Bev], FP/Bev alone, and no treatment), and oxaliplatin reintroduction were investigated using correlation and weighted multivariate regression analyses.
Results
Twenty-two treatment arms were analyzed, including 2,581 patients. The maintenance therapy regimen FP+Bev showed the strongest correlation with a prolonged OS (Spearman’s partial correlation coefficient=0.42), and the other three variables correlated weakly with the OS. The maintenance therapy regimen significantly interacted with the induction chemotherapy duration (p=0.019). The predicted OS for FP+Bev crossed the lines of FP/Bev alone at 18 weeks of induction therapy, and of no treatment at 23 weeks. The corresponding OS at 12 and 27 weeks of induction therapies were 28.6 and 24.2 months for FP+Bev, 25.9 and 28.8 months for FP/Bev alone, and 20.5 and 27.5 months for no treatment.
Conclusion
The optimal maintenance therapy regimen for the OS is a continuous induction therapy as long as possible followed by FP/Bev alone and switching to FP+Bev within approximately 4 months if induction therapy is discontinued.

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Gastrointestinal cancer

Television Viewing Time and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer Mortality among Japanese Population: The JACC Study: Yuting Li, Ehab S. Eshak, Renzhe Cui, Kokoro Shirai, Keyang Liu, Hiroyasu Iso, Satoyo Ikehara, Akiko Tamakoshi, Shigekazu Ukawa, JACC Study Group; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(2):497-505. Published online October 27, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.327

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Sedentary behavior attributes to the increased risk of some cancers and all-cause mortality. The evidence is limited for the association between television (TV) viewing time, a major sedentary behavior, and risk of colorectal cancer death. We aimed to examine this association in Japanese population.
Materials and Methods
A prospective cohort study encompassed of 90,834 men and women aged 40-79 years with no prior history of colorectal cancer who completed a self-administered food frequency questionnaire, and provided their TV viewing information. The participants were followed-up from 1988-1990 to the end of 2009. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by the Cox proportional hazard regression for risk of colorectal cancer mortality according to TV viewing time.
Results
During the median 19.1-year follow-up period, we documented 749 (385 men and 364 women) colorectal cancer deaths. The multivariable-adjusted HRs for mortality from colorectal cancer were 1.11 (0.88-1.41) for 1.5 to < 3 hr/day, 1.14 (0.91-1.42) for 3 to < 4.5 hr/day and 1.33 (1.02-1.73) for ≥ 4.5 hr/day in comparison to < 1.5 hr/day TV watching; p-trend=0.038, and that for 1-hour increment in TV viewing time was 1.06 (1.01-1.11). Moreover, the multivariable-adjusted HR (95%CI) of colon cancer for 1-hour increment in TV viewing time was 1.07 (1.02-1.13). Age, body mass index, and level of leisure-physical activity did not show significant effect modifications on the observed associations.
Conclusion
TV viewing time is associated with the increased risk of colorectal cancer mortality among Japanese population, more specifically colon rather than rectal cancer.

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The causal effects of leisure screen time on irritable bowel syndrome risk from a Mendelian randomization study
Liesheng Lu, Changqin Liu, Kunpeng Liu, Chenzhang Shi, Zhongchen Liu, Xun Jiang, Feng Wang
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Association of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior With the Risk of Colorectal Cancer
Sanghyun An, Sungjin Park
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Sedentary behavior and cancer–an umbrella review and meta-analysis
Rafael Hermelink, Michael F. Leitzmann, Georgios Markozannes, Kostas Tsilidis, Tobias Pukrop, Felix Berger, Hansjörg Baurecht, Carmen Jochem
European Journal of Epidemiology.2022; 37(5): 447. CrossRef

7,406 View
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3 Crossref

General

Trends in Cancer Screening Rates among Korean Men and Women: Results of the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey, 2004–2018: Seri Hong, Yun Yeong Lee, Jaeho Lee, Yeol Kim, Kui Son Choi, Jae Kwan Jun, Mina Suh; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(2):330-338. Published online October 20, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.263

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The Korean National Cancer Screening Survey (KNCSS) is a nationwide annual cross-sectional survey conducted for the past 15 years. This study aimed to report trends in the overall screening rates of both organized and opportunistic cancer screening programs from 2004–2018.
Materials and Methods
KNCSS data were collected using a structured questionnaire. For five major cancers (i.e., stomach, liver, colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer), we evaluated both the lifetime screening rate and the screening rate with recommendations. The study population included men aged 40–74 years and women aged 20–74 years with no cancer histories.
Results
Screening rate with recommendations increased from 2004 annually by 4.4% and 1.5% until 2013 for stomach and liver cancers, respectively, by 4.0% until 2012 for breast cancer, and by 3.6% and 1.2% until 2014 for colorectal and cervical cancers, respectively, followed by nonsignificant trends thereafter. In 2018, screening rates with recommendations for these cancers were 72.8%, 26.2%, 63.1%, 58.4%, and 55.6%, respectively.
Conclusion
Screening rates for the five types of cancer demonstrated a marked increase between 2004 and 2018. However, many recent screening rates have been flattened with nonsignificant trends, and there are lower rates for cervical cancer screening among young age groups. Steady efforts are needed to achieve higher screening participation rates overall, especially for the cervical cancer screening of young women in their 20s.

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Gastrointestinal cancer

Current Trends in the Quality Assessment of Colorectal Cancer Practice and Treatment in South Korea during 2012-2017: Kyu Hye Choi, Jin Ho Song, Hong Seok Jang, Sung Hwan Kim, Jong Hoon Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(2):487-496. Published online October 6, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.623

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing in South Korea due to westernized eating habits and regular health check-ups. The Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) has conducted a national quality assessment of the treatment of CRC. This study examined the quality assessment report of the Korean HIRA and analyzed the status of practice pattern and the epidemiology of CRC in South Korea.
Materials and Methods
The number of subjects was determined based on the number of surgical procedures in each institution during 2012-2017. The institution types were classified according to the number of beds and the composition of oncologic specialists. Twenty-one indicators for diagnosis, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, pathology, and mortality were analyzed and the interinstitutional variation for each indicator was calculated.
Results
Among 21 evaluation indices, indicators related to medical records, receipt of chemotherapy with a high coefficient of variation of ≥ 0.1% were improved over 6 years until the survey in 2017. In the analysis of indices affecting surgical mortality, the regional lymph node resection and examination rate (p=0.022) showed a negative correlation with surgical mortality. Hospitalization stay (p < 0.001) and hospitalization cost (p=0.002) were positively correlated with surgical mortality.
Conclusion
This study showed that the treatment quality and examination status for CRC in South Korea were appropriate for improving relevant medical records, receipt of chemotherapy, maintaining the quality of treatment, and mortality. These analyses could be the basis for developing an improved quality assessment program worldwide.

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Relationship between patient outcomes and patterns of fragmented cancer care in older adults with gastric cancer: A nationwide cohort study in South Korea
Dong-Woo Choi, Seungju Kim, Sun Jung Kim, Dong Wook Kim, Kwang Sun Ryu, Jae Ho Kim, Yoon-Jung Chang, Kyu-Tae Han
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Effects of intensive care unit quality assessment on changes in medical staff in medical institutions and in-hospital mortality
Seungju Kim, Gui Ok Kim, Syalrom Lee, Yong Uk Kwon
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Quality control efforts of medical institutions: the impacts of a value-based payment system on medical staff and healthcare-associated infections
K-T. Han, S. Kim, G.O. Kim, S. Lee, Y.U. Kwon
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Quality Assessment and Trend for Breast Cancer Treatment Practice across South Korea Based on Nationwide Analysis of Korean Health Insurance Data during 2013-2017
Kyu Hye Choi, Soo-Yoon Sung, Sea-Won Lee, Ye Won Jeon, Sung Hwan Kim, Jong Hoon Lee
Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(2): 570. CrossRef
Multidisciplinary treatment strategy for early rectal cancer
Gyung Mo Son, In Young Lee, Sung Hwan Cho, Byung-Soo Park, Hyun Sung Kim, Su Bum Park, Hyung Wook Kim, Sang Bo Oh, Tae Un Kim, Dong Hoon Shin
Precision and Future Medicine.2022; 6(1): 32. CrossRef
Colorectal cancer mortality trends in the era of cancer survivorship in Korea: 2000–2020
Min Hyun Kim, Sanghee Park, Nari Yi, Bobae Kang, In Ja Park
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Pulmonary Metastasectomy in Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study Using the Korean National Health Insurance Database
Woo Sik Yu, Mi Kyung Bae, Jung Kyu Choi, Young Ki Hong, In Kyu Park
Cancer Research and Treatment.2021; 53(4): 1104. CrossRef

7,797 View
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7 Crossref

Population Attributable Fraction of Established Modifiable Risk Factors on Colorectal Cancer in Korea: Sooyoung Cho, Aesun Shin; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(2):480-486. Published online October 6, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.742

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
We estimated the population attributable fraction (PAF) of established risk factors for colorectal cancer, to provide evidence for prioritizing cancer prevention policy.
Materials and Methods
The exposure prevalence was calculated by using data from the 2005 Korean National Health Examination Survey for tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, physical inactivity, and meat intake. Risk estimates (relative risks) were selected from the published meta-analyses. Cancer incidence data from the Korea Central Cancer Registry were used to estimate the preventable number of colorectal cancer cases in 2015.
Results
The PAFs of the tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, physical inactivity, and consumption of red and processed meat were as follows: 9.2%, 11.1%, 9.1%, 18.9%, and 10.1% for colon cancer and 21.8%, 12.3%, 3.5%, 5.3%, and 9.2% for rectal cancer among men; 1.0%, 1.3%, 2.7%, 12.3% and 9.2% for colon cancer and 1.7%, 2.3%, 0.8%, 7.2%, and 8.3% for rectal cancer among women. The PAFs of selected risk factors were 46.2% for colon and 42.4% for rectum among men, while 24.3% for colon and 18.9% for rectum among women. The attributable numbers of colon and rectal cancer to selected risk factors were 4,028 and 3,049 cases among men, respectively, while 1,644 and 778 cases among women in the year of 2015.
Conclusion
Changes in modifiable risk factors could prevent half of the colorectal cancer in the Korean population.

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Population attributable fractions of modifiable cancer risk factors in Korea: A systematic review
Mi Ah Han, Seo‐Hee Kim, Eu Chang Hwang, Jae Hung Jung, Sun Mi Park
Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology.2024; 20(2): 299. CrossRef
NME1 and DCC variants are associated with susceptibility and tumor characteristics in Mexican patients with colorectal cancer
Rosa María Márquez-González, Anilú Margarita Saucedo-Sariñana, César de Jesús Tovar-Jacome, Patricio Barros-Núñez, Martha Patricia Gallegos-Arreola, Mario Humberto Orozco-Gutiérrez, Ignacio Mariscal-Ramírez, Tomas Daniel Pineda-Razo, Aldo Antonio Alcaraz-
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Relationship Between Aspirin Use and Site-Specific Colorectal Cancer Risk Among Individuals With Metabolic Comorbidity
Seokyung An, Madhawa Gunathilake, Jeonghee Lee, Minji Kim, Jae Hwan Oh, Hee Jin Chang, Dae Kyung Sohn, Aesun Shin, Jeongseon Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A historical cohort study with 27,754 individuals on the association between meat consumption and gastrointestinal tract and colorectal cancer incidence
Rachel Dankner, Angela Chetrit, Sivan Ben Avraham, Nirit Agay, Ofra Kalter‐Leibovici, Uri Goldbourt, Walid Saliba, Lital Keinan‐Boker, Danit Shahar, Laurence S. Freedman
International Journal of Cancer.2024; 155(11): 2009. CrossRef
Body Mass Index and Risk of Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Asia
Pedram Paragomi, Zhongjie Zhang, Sarah Krull Abe, Md. Rashedul Islam, Md. Shafiur Rahman, Eiko Saito, Xiao-Ou Shu, Bashir Dabo, Yen Thi-Hai Pham, Yu Chen, Yu-Tang Gao, Woon-Puay Koh, Norie Sawada, Reza Malekzadeh, Ritsu Sakata, Atsushi Hozawa, Jeongseon K
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Cancers attributable to diet in Italy
Federica Turati, Gianfranco Alicandro, Giulia Collatuzzo, Claudio Pelucchi, Matteo Malvezzi, Fabio Parazzini, Eva Negri, Paolo Boffetta, Carlo La Vecchia, Matteo Di Maso
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Hye Kyung Hyun, Ji Soo Park, Jihye Park, Soo Jung Park, Jae Jun Park, Jae Hee Cheon, Tae Il Kim
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Risk and survival in colorectal cancer with increasing body mass index: A nationwide population‐based cohort study
Usman Saeed, Tor Å. Myklebust, Trude E. Robsahm, Marlene F. Kielland, Bjørn Møller, Bjørn S. Skålhegg, Tom Mala, Sheraz Yaqub
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Hong Hu, Xiaoyuan Gong, Kai Xu, Shenzheng Luo, Wei Gao, Baiwen Li, Dadao Jing
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Associations between Physical Activity and Incidence of Cancer among Overweight Adults in Korea: Results from the Health Examinees-G Study
Jaesung Choi, JooYong Park, Ji-Eun Kim, Miyoung Lee, Daehee Kang, Aesun Shin, Ji-Yeob Choi
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The underestimated impact of excess body weight on colorectal cancer risk: Evidence from the UK Biobank cohort
Fatemeh Safizadeh, Marko Mandic, Dianne Pulte, Tobias Niedermaier, Michael Hoffmeister, Hermann Brenner
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Modifiable lifestyle factors have a larger contribution to colorectal neoplasms than family history
Shuyuan Wang, Zhen Yuan, Yuqi Wang, Xuanzhu Zhao, Weifeng Gao, Hongzhou Li, Yuanshun Zhao, Zili Zhang, Shuiqing Liang, Zhaoce Liu, Qinghuai Zhang, Hong Ma, Xipeng Zhang, Wei Cui, Chunze Zhang
BMC Cancer.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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Adherence to the Recommended Intake of Calcium and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the HEXA Study: Jeeyoo Lee, Aesun Shin, Ji-Yeob Choi, Daehee Kang, Jong-Koo Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(1):140-147. Published online August 25, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.480

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Dietary calcium intake has been suggested to be protective against the development of colorectal cancer. The mean dietary calcium intake of Koreans is 490 mg/day, which is far below the recommended calcium intake of 700-800 mg/day. In this study, we explored the relationship between dietary calcium intake and colorectal cancer development in Koreans with relatively low calcium intake compared with individuals in Western countries.
Materials and Methods
The Health Examinees Study, a large-scale genomic community-based prospective cohort study, was designed to identify the general characteristics of major chronic diseases in Koreans. A total of 119,501 participants aged 40-69 years recruited between 2004 and 2013 were included in this analysis. The calcium intake level was categorized using the Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs). The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for colorectal cancer risk, adjusting for potential confounders.
Results
In the multivariable-adjusted model, compared with the group that consumed less than the recommended amount of calcium, the group that consumed more than the recommended intake of calcium showed a significant reduction in the risk of colorectal cancer in women. (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.95). Among men, however, no significant association was observed between dietary calcium intake and colorectal cancer risk (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.54 to 1.45).
Conclusion
Korean women who adhere to the recommended intake of calcium showed a reduced risk of colorectal cancer.

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Implication of calcium supplementations in health and diseases with special focus on colorectal cancer
Shahanavaj Khan, S. Needa Mosvi, Saeed Vohra, Nitesh Kumar Poddar
Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences.2024; 61(6): 496. CrossRef
The burden of colorectal cancer attributable to dietary risk in Middle East and North African from 1990 to 2019
Yahya Pasdar, Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani, Hawal Lateef Fateh, Davood Soleimani, Behrooz Hamzeh, Mojtaba Ghalandari, Behrooz Moloudpour, Mitra Darbandi
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Dietary intake and cancer incidence in Korean adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Ji Hyun Kim, Shinyoung Jun, Jeongseon Kim
Epidemiology and Health.2023; 45: e2023102. CrossRef
Anti-colorectal cancer effects of seaweed-derived bioactive compounds
Yunhua Fu, Dong Xie, Yinghao Zhu, Xinyue Zhang, Hao Yue, Kai Zhu, Zifeng Pi, Yulin Dai
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Osteosarcopenic adiposity syndrome update and the role of associated minerals and vitamins
Jasminka Z. Ilich
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society.2021; 80(3): 344. CrossRef

6,421 View
150 Download
5 Crossref

Clinical Application of Targeted Deep Sequencing in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients: Actionable Genomic Alteration in K-MASTER Project: Youngwoo Lee, Soohyeon Lee, Jae Sook Sung, Hee-Joon Chung, Ah-reum Lim, Ju Won Kim, Yoon Ji Choi, Kyong Hwa Park, Yeul Hong Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(1):123-130. Published online August 18, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.559

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) can facilitate precision medicine approaches in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. We investigated the molecular profiling of Korean mCRC patients under the K-MASTER project which was initiated in June 2017 as a nationwide precision medicine oncology clinical trial platform which used NGS assay to screen actionable mutations.
Materials and Methods
As of 22 January 2020, total of 994 mCRC patients were registered in K-MASTER project. Targeted sequencing was performed using three platforms which were composed of the K-MASTER cancer panel v1.1 and the SNUH FIRST Cancer Panel v3.01. If tumor tissue was not available, cell-free DNA was extracted and the targeted sequencing was performed by Axen Cancer Panel as a liquid biopsy.
Results
In 994 mCRC patients, we found 1,564 clinically meaningful pathogenic variants which mutated in 71 genes. Anti-EGFR therapy candidates were 467 patients (47.0%) and BRAF V600E mutation (n=47, 4.7%), deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite instability–high (n=15, 1.5%), HER2 amplifications (n=10, 1.0%) could be incorporated with recently approved drugs. The patients with high tumor mutation burden (n=101, 12.7%) and DNA damaging response and repair defect pathway alteration (n=42, 4.2%) could be enrolled clinical trials with immune checkpoint inhibitors. There were more colorectal cancer molecular alterations such as PIK3CA, KRAS G12C, atypical BRAF, and HER2 mutations and even rarer but actionable genes that approved or ongoing clinical trials in other solid tumors.
Conclusion
K-MASTER project provides an intriguing background to investigate new clinical trials with biomarkers and give therapeutic opportunity for mCRC patients.

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Adriana Marques, Patrícia Cavaco, Carla Torre, Bruno Sepodes, João Rocha
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Integrated clinical and genomic models using machine-learning methods to predict the efficacy of paclitaxel-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer
Yonghwa Choi, Jangwoo Lee, Keewon Shin, Ji Won Lee, Ju Won Kim, Soohyeon Lee, Yoon Ji Choi, Kyong Hwa Park, Jwa Hoon Kim
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PIK3CA Mutation is Associated with Poor Response to HER2-Targeted Therapy in Breast Cancer Patients
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Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(2): 531. CrossRef
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Kyoungmin Lee, Jongwon Lee, Jungmin Choi, Sung Hoon Sim, Jeong Eun Kim, Min Hwan Kim, Yeon Hee Park, Jee Hyun Kim, Su-Jin Koh, Kyong Hwa Park, Myoung Joo Kang, Mi Sun Ahn, Kyoung Eun Lee, Hee-Jun Kim, Hee Kyung Ahn, Han Jo Kim, Keon Uk Park, In Hae Park
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Comparison of the Data of a Next-Generation Sequencing Panel from K-MASTER Project with That of Orthogonal Methods for Detecting Targetable Genetic Alterations
Yoon Ji Choi, Jung Yoon Choi, Ju Won Kim, Ah Reum Lim, Youngwoo Lee, Won Jin Chang, Soohyeon Lee, Jae Sook Sung, Hee-Joon Chung, Jong Won Lee, Eun Joo Kang, Jung Sun Kim, Taekyu Lim, Hye Sook Kim, Yu Jung Kim, Mi Sun Ahn, Young Saing Kim, Ji Hyun Park, Se
Cancer Research and Treatment.2022; 54(1): 30. CrossRef
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Saleema Mehboob Ali, Yumna Adnan, Zubair Ahmad, Hasnain Ahmed Farooqui, Tabish Chawla, S. M. Adnan Ali
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Recommendations for the Use of Next-Generation Sequencing and the Molecular Tumor Board for Patients with Advanced Cancer: A Report from KSMO and KCSG Precision Medicine Networking Group
Shinkyo Yoon, Miso Kim, Yong Sang Hong, Han Sang Kim, Seung Tae Kim, Jihun Kim, Hongseok Yun, Changhoon Yoo, Hee Kyung Ahn, Hyo Song Kim, In Hee Lee, In-Ho Kim, Inkeun Park, Jae Ho Jeong, Jaekyung Cheon, Jin Won Kim, Jina Yun, Sun Min Lim, Yongjun Cha, Se
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Sehhoon Park, Chung Lee, Bo Mi Ku, Minjae Kim, Woong-Yang Park, Nayoung K. D. Kim, Myung-Ju Ahn
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Aitor Rodríguez-Casanova, Aida Bao-Caamano, Ramón M. Lago-Lestón, Elena Brozos-Vázquez, Nicolás Costa-Fraga, Isabel Ferreirós-Vidal, Ihab Abdulkader, Yolanda Vidal-Insua, Francisca Vázquez Rivera, Sonia Candamio Folgar, Rafael López-López, Laura Muinelo-R
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Saikat Chowdhury, Matan Hofree, Kangyu Lin, Dipen Maru, Scott Kopetz, John Paul Shen
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Tumor Control and Overall Survival after Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Pulmonary Oligometastases from Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis: Hoon Sik Choi, Bae Kwon Jeong, Ki Mun Kang, Hojin Jeong, Jin Ho Song, In Bong Ha, Oh-Young Kwon; Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(4):1188-1198. Published online July 21, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.402

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
In pulmonary oligometastases from colorectal cancer (POM-CRC), the primarily recommended local therapy is metastasectomy. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is another local therapy modality that is considered as an alternative option in patients who cannot undergo surgery. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to demonstrate the effects of SBRT on POM-CRC by integrating the relevant studies.
Materials and Methods
The authors explored MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and SCOPUS, and selected studies including patients treated with SBRT for POM-CRC and availability of local control (LC) or overall survival (OS) rate. In this meta-analysis, the effect of SBRT was presented in the form of the LC and OS rates for 1, 2, 3, and 5 years after SBRT as pooled estimates, and the frequency of pulmonary toxicity of grade 3 or higher after SBRT (PTG3-SBRT).
Results
Fourteen full texts among the searched 4,984 studies were the objects of this meta-analysis. The overall number of POM-CRC patients was 495 as per the integration of 14 studies. The pooled estimate LC rate at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years after SBRT was 81.0%, 71.5%, 56.0%, and 61.8%, and the OS rate was 86.9%, 70.1%, 57.9%, and 43.0%, respectively. The LC and OS rates gradually declined until 3 years after SBRT in a similar pattern. Among the 14 studies, only two studies reported PTG3-SBRT as 2.2% and 10.8%, respectively.
Conclusion
For POM-CRC, SBRT is an ablative therapy with a benefit on LC and OS rates and less adverse effects on the lung.

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