Cancer Research and Treatment

Special Article

Identifying Trends in Oncology Research through a Bibliographic Analysis of Cancer Research and Treatment: Choong-kun Lee, Jeong Min Choo, Yong Chan Ahn, Jin Kim, Sun Young Rha, Chai Hong Rim, On behalf of the 50th Anniversary Committee of the Korean Cancer Association; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(1):11-18. Published online December 5, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.688

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: During the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Korean Cancer Association, articles published in Cancer Research and Treatment from 2004 to 2023 were assessed based on the subject and design of each study. Based on this analysis, trends in domestic cancer research were inferred and directions were suggested for the future development of Cancer Research and Treatment.

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Original Article

Gastrointestinal cancer

Salvage Radiotherapy for Loco-regional Recurrence of Esophageal Cancer Following Surgery: Won Kyung Cho, Jae Myoung Noh, Dongryul Oh, Yong Chan Ahn, Jong-Mu Sun, Hong Kwan Kim, Young Mog Shim; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(1):165-173. Published online July 26, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.191

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
There is few evidence regarding the optimal salvage treatment options for loco-reginal recurrence of esophageal cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of salvage radiotherapy (RT) in patients with loco-regional recurrence (LRR) after surgery for esophageal cancer.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 147 esophageal cancer patients who received salvage RT for loco-regional recurrence between 1996 and December 2019. A total dose of 60 Gy in 20 fractions was used for RT alone and 60-70 Gy in 30-35 fractions for concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).
Results
The patients’ median age was 65 years (range, 41 to 86 years). The median disease-free interval was 13.5 months (1.0 to 97.4 months). After a median 18.8 months follow-up, the 2-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 38.1% and 25.9%, respectively. The median OS and PFS were 18.8 and 8.4 months, respectively. The CCRT could not improve OS compared to RT (p=0.336), but there was a trend of better PFS in the CCRT group. Regarding toxicities, the rate of grade 3 or higher toxicity was 10.9% occurring in 16 patients, and it was higher in patients who received CCRT than in the RT alone group (19.6% vs. 6.3%, p=0.023).
Conclusion
Salvage RT alone as well as CCRT could be effective in patients with locoregionally recurrent esophageal cancer.

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Editorial

Editor’s Note on Recent Journal Impact Factor of Cancer Research and Treatment: Yong Chan Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(3):699-699. Published online July 9, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.619

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How to Achieve Further Progress of Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society (JKNS) - Improve the Impact Factor (IF) and Maintain It Continuously
Hee-Jin Yang
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society.2024; 67(5): 489. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Lung and Thoracic cancer

Adjuvant Pembrolizumab in Patients with Stage IIIA/N2 Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Completely Resected after Neoadjuvant Concurrent Chemoradiation: A Prospective, Open-Label, Single-Arm, Phase 2 Trial: Junghoon Shin, Sehhoon Park, Kyung Hwan Kim, Eui-Cheol Shin, Hyun Ae Jung, Jong Ho Cho, Jong-Mu Sun, Se-Hoon Lee, Yong Soo Choi, Jin Seok Ahn, Jhingook Kim, Keunchil Park, Young Mog Shim, Hong Kwan Kim, Jae Myoung Noh, Yong Chan Ahn, Hongryull Pyo, Myung-Ju Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(4):1084-1095. Published online April 30, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.084

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
Optimal treatment for stage IIIA/N2 non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is controversial. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of adjuvant pembrolizumab for stage IIIA/N2 NSCLC completely resected after neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT).
Materials and Methods
In this open-label, single-center, single-arm phase 2 trial, patients with stage IIIA/N2 NSCLC received adjuvant pembrolizumab for up to 2 years after complete resection following neoadjuvant CCRT. The primary endpoint was disease-free survival (DFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and safety. As an exploratory biomarker analysis, we evaluated the proliferative response of blood CD39⁺PD-1⁺CD8⁺ T cells using fold changes in the percentage of proliferating Ki-67⁺ cells from days 1 to 7 of cycle 1 (Ki-67_D7/D1).
Results
Between October 2017 and October 2018, 37 patients were enrolled. Twelve (32%) and three (8%) patients harbored EGFR and ALK alterations, respectively. Of 34 patients with programmed cell death ligand 1 assessment, 21 (62%), nine (26%), and four (12%) had a tumor proportion score of < 1%, 1%-50%, and ≥ 50%, respectively. The median follow-up was 71 months. The median DFS was 22.4 months in the overall population, with a 5-year DFS rate of 29%. The OS rate was 86% at 2 years and 76% at 5 years. Patients with tumor recurrence within 6 months had a significantly lower Ki-67D7/D1 among CD39⁺PD-1⁺CD8⁺ T cells than those without (p=0.036). No new safety signals were identified.
Conclusion
Adjuvant pembrolizumab may offer durable disease control in a subset of stage IIIA/N2 NSCLC patients after neoadjuvant CCRT and surgery.

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Gastrointestinal cancer

The Clinical Efficacy of Colorectal Cancer Patients with Pulmonary Oligometastases by Sterotactic Body Ablative Radiotherapy: A Meta-Analysis: Jae-Uk Jeong, Chai Hong Rim, Gyu Sang Yoo, Won Kyung Cho, Eui Kyu Chie, Yong Chan Ahn, Jong Hoon Lee, on behalf of Korean Oligometastasis Working Group, Korean Cancer Association; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(3):809-824. Published online December 14, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.920

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
There is increasing interest in the efficacy of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for treating colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with oligometastases (OM), recently. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate local control (LC), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) of CRC patients with pulmonary OM treated with SABR and toxicities.
Materials and Methods
Studies that reported SABR for CRC patients with pulmonary OM were searched from MEDLINE and Embase. Treatment outcomes including LC, PFS, OS, and toxicities of grade 3 or higher were assessed.
Results
A total of 19 studies with 1,668 patients were chosen for this meta-analysis. Pooled 1-, 2-, and 3-year LC rates were 83.1%, 69.3%, and 63.9%, respectively. PFS rates were 44.8%, 26.5%, and 21.5% at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. OS rates at 1-, 2-, and 3-year were 87.5%, 69.9%, and 60.5%, respectively. The toxicity rate of grade 3 or higher was 3.6%. The effect of dose escalation was meta-analyzed using available studies.
Conclusion
Application of SABR to CRC patients with pulmonary OM achieved modest local control with acceptable toxicity according to the present meta-analysis. Further studies establishing the clinical efficacy of SABR are guaranteed.

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Identifying Trends in Oncology Research through a Bibliographic Analysis of Cancer Research and Treatment
Choong-kun Lee, Jeong Min Choo, Yong Chan Ahn, Jin Kim, Sun Young Rha, Chai Hong Rim
Cancer Research and Treatment.2025; 57(1): 11. CrossRef

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General

Radiation Oncologists’ Perspectives on Oligometastatic Disease: A Korean Survey Study: Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Jong Hoon Lee, Young Seok Kim, Yang-Gun Suh, Kyung Hwan Kim, Ah Ram Chang, Eui Kyu Chie, Yong Chan Ahn, on behalf of the Oligometastasis Working Group, Korean Cancer Association; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(2):414-421. Published online November 22, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.876

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Perspectives of radiation oncologists on oligometastatic disease was investigated using multi-layered survey.
Materials and Methods
Online survey on the oligometastatic disease was distributed to the board-certified regular members of the Korean Society for Radiation Oncology. The questionnaire consisted of four domains: five questions on demographics; five on the definition of oligometastatic disease; four on the role of local therapy; and three on the oligometastatic disease classification, respectively.
Results
A total of 135 radiation oncologists participated in the survey. The median length of practice after board certification was 22.5 years (range, 1 to 44 years), and the vast majority (94.1%) answered affirmatively to the clinical experience in oligometastatic disease management. Nearly two-thirds of the respondents considered the number of involved organs as an independent factor in defining oligometastasis. Most frequently perceived upper limit on the numerical definition of oligometastasis was 5 (64.2%), followed by 3 (26.0%), respectively. Peritoneal and brain metastasis were nominated as the sites to be excluded from oligometastastic disease by 56.3% and 12.6% of the participants, respectively. Vast majority (82.1%) agreed on the role of local treatment in the management of oligometastatic disease. Majority (72%) of the participants acknowledged the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO)–European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) classification of oligometastatic disease, however, only 43.3% answered that they applied this classification in their clinical practice. Underlying reasons against the clinical use were ‘too complicated’ (66.0%), followed by ‘insufficient supporting evidence’ (30.0%), respectively.
Conclusion
While most radiation oncologists supported the role of local therapy in oligometastatic disease, there were several inconsistencies in defining and categorizing oligometastatic disease. Continued education and training on oligometastatic disease would be also required to build consensus among participating caregivers.

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A new proposal of simplified classification of non-small cell lung cancer oligometastases for easy applicability through systematic literature analysis and meta-analysis validation
Hanseung Kang, Woohyeon Do, Yong Chan Ahn, Eui Kyu Chie, Chai Hong Rim
European Journal of Cancer.2024; 212: 115043. CrossRef

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Editorial

Barriers in Oligometastasis Care in Korea: Radiation Oncologists’ Perspectives: Eui Kyu Chie, Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Yong Chan Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(4):1063-1064. Published online June 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.780

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Oligometastasis: Expansion of Curative Treatments in the Field of Oncology
Ah Reum Lim, Chai Hong Rim
Medicina.2023; 59(11): 1934. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Gastrointestinal cancer

Differential Perspectives by Specialty on Oligometastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Korean Oligometastasis Working Group’s Comparative Survey Study: Won Kyung Cho, Gyu Sang Yoo, Chai Hong Rim, Jae-Uk Jeong, Eui Kyu Chie, Yong Chan Ahn, Hyeon-Min Cho, Jun Won Um, Yang-Gun Suh, Ah Ram Chang, Jong Hoon Lee, On behalf of the Oligometastasis Working Group, Korean Cancer Association; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(4):1281-1290. Published online June 7, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.479

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Despite numerous studies on the optimal treatments for oligometastatic disease (OMD), there is no established interdisciplinary consensus on its diagnosis or classification. This survey-based study aimed to analyze the differential opinions of colorectal surgeons and radiation oncologists regarding the definition and treatment of OMD from the colorectal primary.
Materials and Methods
A total of 141 participants were included in this study, consisting of 63 radiation oncologists (44.7%) and 78 colorectal surgeons (55.3%). The survey consisted of 19 questions related to OMD, and the responses were analyzed using the chi-square test to determine statistical differences between the specialties.
Results
The radiation oncologists chose “bone” more frequently compared to the colorectal surgeons (19.2% vs. 36.5%, p=0.022), while colorectal surgeons favored “peritoneal seeding” (26.9% vs. 9.5%, p=0.009). Regarding the number of metastatic tumors, 48.3% of colorectal surgeons responded that “irrelevant, if all metastatic lesions are amendable to local therapy”, while only 21.8% of radiation oncologist chose same answer. When asked about molecular diagnosis, most surgeons (74.8%) said it was important, but only 35.8% of radiation oncologists agreed.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates that although radiation oncologists and colorectal surgeons agreed on a majority of aspects such as diagnostic imaging, biomarker, systemic therapy, and optimal timing of OMD, they also had quite different perspectives on several aspects of OMD. Understanding these differences is crucial to achieving multidisciplinary consensus on the definition and optimal management of OMD.

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Barriers in Oligometastasis Care in Korea: Radiation Oncologists’ Perspectives
Eui Kyu Chie, Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Yong Chan Ahn
Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(4): 1063. CrossRef

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Head and Neck cancer

Phase II Trial of Combined Durvalumab Plus Tremelimumab with Proton Therapy for Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Hana Kim, Sehhoon Park, Hyun Ae Jung, Se-Hoon Lee, Keunchil Park, Yong Chan Ahn, Dongryul Oh, Myung-Ju Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(4):1104-1112. Published online May 17, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.502

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
This phase II study investigated whether durvalumab/tremelimumab with proton therapy improves the objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) in heavily treated recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients.
Materials and Methods
Patients who previously received more than one chemotherapy, including at least one platinum-based regimen, and who had at least two measurable lesions were enrolled. Patients received 1,500 mg durvalumab intravenously combined with 75 mg tremelimumab intravenously every 4 weeks for four cycles followed by 1,500 mg durvalumab every 4 weeks. After one cycle of the durvalumab/tremelimumab treatment, proton therapy was given with a total dose of 25 Gy in 5 Gy daily fractions to one of the measurable lesions. We also assessed the ORR in the target lesion outside the radiation field to evaluate the abscopal effect.
Results
Thirty-one patients were enrolled between March 2018 and July 2020. With 8.6 months of follow-up, the ORR was 22.6% (7/31), including one complete response and six partial responses. The median OS was 8.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.5 to 14.3) and the median PFS was 2.4 months (95% CI, 0.6 to 4.2). Among the 23 evaluable patients who completed proton therapy, the ORR was 30.4% (7/23). The median OS was 11.1 months (95% CI, 6.5 to 15.8), and the median PFS was 3.7 months (95% CI, 1.6 to 5.7). Grade 3 or higher adverse events were observed in six patients (19.4%) as follows: anemia (n=1), constipation (n=1), electrolyte imbalances (n=2), hyperglycemia (n=1), and pneumonia (n=1).
Conclusion
The combination of durvalumab/tremelimuab with proton therapy was tolerated well and had encouraging anti-tumor efficacy in non-irradiated tumor lesions of heavily treated HNSCC patients.

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Abscopal effect in maxillary sinus cancer: Insights from two case reports and a literature review
Akihiro Sakai, Koji Ebisumoto, Hiroaki Iijima, Mayu Yamauchi, Daisuke Maki, Tsuyoshi Fukuzawa, Kenji Okami
Cancer Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Solid tumours showing oligoprogression to immune checkpoint inhibitors have the potential for abscopal effects
Makoto Ito, Souichiro Abe, Sou Adachi, Yukihiko Oshima, Arisa Takeuchi, Wataru Ohashi, Takashi Iwata, Tetsuya Ogawa, Akiko Ota, Yasuaki Kubota, Takahito Okuda, Kojiro Suzuki
Japanese Journal of Radiology.2024; 42(4): 424. CrossRef
Durvalumab with or without tremelimumab for patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Xiao Han, Haidong Zhang, Kai Sun, Jing Li, Wanjuan Wu, Kai Liu, Zhenkun Yu
Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Kaplan lecture 2023: lymphopenia in particle therapy
Marco Durante
International Journal of Radiation Biology.2024; 100(5): 669. CrossRef
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Kexin Meng, Haijun Lu
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Research progress of immunotherapy for advanced head and neck cancer
Anchi Sun, Zhiwei Xing, Rongrong Lv, Pengyuan Niu, Bao Zhao, Shiyin Ma, Hui Li
Medical Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A review and bibliometric analysis of global research on proton radiotherapy
Ge Song, Zhi Zheng, Yingming Zhu, Yaoting Wang, Song Xue
Medicine.2024; 103(19): e38089. CrossRef
Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Updated Review
Rina Jiang, Mike Fritz, Syril Keena T. Que
Cancers.2024; 16(10): 1800. CrossRef
Radiotherapy and immunology
Liangliang Wang, Connor Lynch, Sean P. Pitroda, András Piffkó, Kaiting Yang, Amy K. Huser, Hua Laura Liang, Ralph R. Weichselbaum
Journal of Experimental Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Evolving Paradigm of Immunotherapy in Head-and-neck Squamous Cell Cancers
Riccardo Gili, Paolo Bossi
Journal of Head & Neck Physicians and Surgeons.2024; 12(1): 13. CrossRef
Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in Head and Neck Cancers: A Paradigm Shift in Treatment Approach
Alessia Zotta, Maria Luisa Marciano, Francesco Sabbatino, Alessandro Ottaiano, Marco Cascella, Monica Pontone, Massimo Montano, Ester Calogero, Francesco Longo, Morena Fasano, Teresa Troiani, Fortunato Ciardiello, Fabiana Raffaella Rampetta, Giovanni Salz
Biomedicines.2024; 12(10): 2337. CrossRef
Emerging Radiotherapy Technologies for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Challenges and Opportunities in the Era of Immunotherapy
Carmen Kut, Harry Quon, Xuguang Scott Chen
Cancers.2024; 16(24): 4150. CrossRef

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Outcomes of Salvage Therapy for Oropharyngeal Cancer Recurrence Following Upfront Radiation Therapy and Prognostic Factors: Nayeon Choi, Hack Jung Kim, Heejun Yi, Heejung Kim, Tae Hwan Kim, Han-Sin Jeong, Young-Ik Son, Chung-Hwan Baek, Dongryul Oh, Yong Chan Ahn, Man Ki Chung; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(4):1123-1133. Published online May 8, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1046

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the oncologic outcomes and prognostic factors of salvage treatments in patients with recurrent oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) after radiotherapy (RT)-based treatment.
Materials and Methods
A cancer registry was used to retrieve the records of 337 patients treated with definitive RT or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) from 2008 to 2018 at a single institution. The poor-responder group (PRG) was defined as patients with residual or recurrent disease after primary treatment, and the oncologic outcomes for each salvage treatment method were analyzed. In addition, prognostic indicators of recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were identified in patients who underwent salvage treatment.
Results
After initial (C)RT, the PRG comprised 71 of the 337 patients (21.1%): 18 patients had residual disease, and 53 had recurrence after primary treatment (mean time to recurrence 19.5 months). Of these, 63 patients received salvage treatment (surgery 57.2%, re-(C)RT 23.8%, and chemotherapy 19.0%), and the salvage success rate was 47.6% at the last follow-up. The overall 2-year OS for salvage treatments was 56.4% (60.8% for the salvage surgery group and 46.2% for the salvage re-(C)RT). Salvage surgery patients with negative resection margins had better oncologic outcomes than those with close/positive resection margins. Using multivariate analyses, locoregional recurrence and residual disease after primary surgery were associated with poor outcome after salvage treatment. In Kaplan-Meier analyses, p16 status was significantly associated with OS in the initial treatment setting but not in the salvage setting.
Conclusion
In recurrent OPSCC after RT-based treatment, successful salvage was achieved in 56.4% patients who had undergone salvage surgery and radiation treatment. Salvage treatment methods should be selected carefully, given recurrence site as a prognostic factor for RFS.

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Toxicities and prognostic factors in elderly HPV‐associated oropharyngeal cancer patients treated with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy
Erkan Topkan, Efsun Somay, Ugur Selek
Journal of Medical Virology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Lung and Thoracic cancer

Sublobar Resection versus Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Clinical Stage I Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Study Using Data from the Korean Nationwide Lung Cancer Registry: Jeonghee Yun, Jong Ho Cho, Tae Hee Hong, Kyungmi Yang, Yong Chan Ahn, Hong Kwan Kim, Korean Association for Lung Cancer, Korea Central Cancer Registry; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(4):1171-1180. Published online April 17, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1581

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) had been increasingly recognized as a favorable alternative to surgical resection in patients with high risk for surgery. This study compared survival outcomes between sublobar resection (SLR) and SBRT for clinical stage I non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Materials and Methods
Data were obtained from the Korean Association of Lung Cancer Registry, a sampled nationwide database. This study retrospectively reviewed 382 patients with clinical stage I NSCLC who underwent curative SLR or SBRT from 2014 to 2016.
Results
Of the patients, 43 and 339 underwent SBRT and SLR, respectively. Patients in the SBRT group were older and had worse pulmonary function. The 3-year overall survival (OS) rate was significantly better in the SLR group compared with the SBRT group (86.6% vs. 57%, log-rank p < 0.001). However, after adjusting for age, sex, tumor size, pulmonary function, histology, smoking history, and adjuvant therapy, treatment modality was not an independent prognostic factor for survival (hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.43 to 2.77; p=0.974). We performed subgroup analysis in the following high-risk populations: patients who were older than 75 years; patients who were older than 70 years and had diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide ≤ 80%. In each subgroup, there were no differences in OS and recurrence-free survival between patients who underwent SLR and those who received SBRT.
Conclusion
In our study, there were no significant differences in terms of survival or recurrence between SBRT and SLR in medically compromised stage I NSCLC patients. Our findings suggest that SBRT could be considered as a potential treatment option for selected patients.

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Review Article

Metastasis-Directed Local Therapy of Hepatic Oligometastasis from Colorectal Cancer and Future Perspective in Radiation Therapy: Gyu Sang Yoo, Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Jae-Uk Jeong, Eui Kyu Chie, Hyeon-Min Cho, Jun Won Um, Yong Chan Ahn, Jong Hoon Lee, on behalf of Korean Cancer Association Oligometastasis Working Group; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(3):707-719. Published online March 15, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1599

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Introduction of the concept for oligometastasis led to wide application of metastasis-directed local ablative therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). By application of the metastasis-directed local ablative therapies including surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR), the survival outcomes of patients with metastatic CRC have improved. The liver is the most common distant metastatic site in CRC patients, and recently various metastasis-directed local therapies for hepatic oligometastasis from CRC (HOCRC) are widely used. Surgical resection is the first line of metastatic-directed local therapy for HOCRC, but its eligibility is very limited. Alternatively, RFA can be applied to patients who are ineligible for surgical resection of liver metastasis. However, there are some limitations such as inferior local control (LC) compared with surgical resection and technical feasibility based on location, size, and visibility on ultrasonography of the liver metastasis. Recent advances in radiation therapy technology have led to an increase in the use of SABR for liver tumors. SABR is considered complementary to RFA for patients with HOCRC who are ineligible for RFA. Furthermore, SABR can potentially result in better LC for liver metastases > 2-3 cm compared with RFA. In this article, the previous studies regarding curative metastasis-directed local therapies for HOCRC based on the radiation oncologist’s and surgeon’s perspective are reviewed and discussed. In addition, future perspectives regarding SABR in the treatment of HOCRC are suggested.

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Identifying Trends in Oncology Research through a Bibliographic Analysis of Cancer Research and Treatment
Choong-kun Lee, Jeong Min Choo, Yong Chan Ahn, Jin Kim, Sun Young Rha, Chai Hong Rim
Cancer Research and Treatment.2025; 57(1): 11. CrossRef
Evidence-based clinical recommendations for hypofractionated radiotherapy: exploring efficacy and safety - Part 4: Liver and locally recurrent rectal cancer
Hwa Kyung Byun, Gyu Sang Yoo, Soo-Yoon Sung, Jin-Ho Song, Byoung Hyuck Kim, Yoo-Kang Kwak, Yeon Joo Kim, Yeon-Sil Kim, Kyung Su Kim
Radiation Oncology Journal.2024; 42(4): 247. CrossRef

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Original Articles

General

Recent Trends of Medical Expenses Associated with Radiation Therapy in Korea Based on HIRA Big Data: Jeong Eun Lee, Kyungmi Yang, Yong Chan Ahn, Won Park, Seung Jae Huh; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(3):758-765. Published online January 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.389

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
We aimed to determine the trends in the use of radiotherapy (RT) and the expenses associated with it in South Korea.
Materials and Methods
The statistical data of the claims and reimbursement records provided on the Health and Insurance Review and Assessment Service website were utilized. This included information such as the number of patients, fractions, medical expenses according to treatment codes, in/outpatient, sex, age, and regions of hospitals. We analyzed data from 2016 to 2020.
Results
With a growing RT infrastructure and an increase in the number of radiation oncologists, the expenses for RT were 605.5 million USD in 2020, which had increased 1.5 times from 394.7 million USD in 2016. This growth was mainly because of the increased usage of advanced RT techniques. Furthermore, the proportion of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) expenses in the total expenses increased by 1.6 times from 48.8% in 2016 to 76.9% in 2020. Advanced techniques were used more commonly in older individuals or children. However, the proportion of IMRT expenses increased mostly in young women. Additionally, geographical differences in RT use and expense were observed, although the gap in the IMRT fractions decreased among the regions.
Conclusion
Recent medical expenses associated with RT in Korea have increased in tandem with technological advances and changes in demographics.

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Large institutional experience of early outcomes and dosimetric findings with postoperative stereotactic partial breast irradiation in breast cancer
Jee Suk Chang, Jeongshim Lee, Frank A. Vicini, Jin Sung Kim, Jihun Kim, Seo Hee Choi, Ik Jae Lee, Yong Bae Kim
Radiotherapy and Oncology.2024; 191: 110066. CrossRef

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Lung and Thoracic cancer

The Incidence and Risk Factors of Chronic Pulmonary Infection after Radiotherapy in Patients with Lung Cancer: Yeonseok Choi, Jae Myoung Noh, Sun Hye Shin, Kyungjong Lee, Sang-Won Um, Hojoong Kim, Hongryull Pyo, Yong Chan Ahn, Byeong-Ho Jeong; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(3):804-813. Published online January 3, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1305

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate cumulative incidence and risk factors associated with chronic pulmonary infection (CPI) development after radiotherapy for lung cancer.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 1,872 patients with lung cancer who received radiotherapy for lung cancer from 2010-2014, had a follow-up period of ≥ 3 months after radiotherapy, and did not have CPI at the time of radiotherapy. CPI was defined as pulmonary tuberculosis, non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease, chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, or pulmonary actinomycosis. The cumulative incidence of CPI and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and a multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to identify risk factors associated with CPI development.
Results
The median follow-up period was 2.3 years with OS rates of 55.6% and 37.6% at 2 and 5 years, respectively. CPI developed in 59 patients at a median of 1.8 years after radiotherapy, with cumulative incidence rates of 1.1%, 3.4%, 5.0%, and 6.8% at 1, 3, 5, and 7 years, respectively. A lower body mass index, interstitial lung disease, prior pulmonary tuberculosis, larger clinical target volume, history of lung cancer surgery or radiation pneumonitis, and use of inhaled corticosteroids were independent risk factors for CPI development.
Conclusion
The long-term survival rate of lung cancer patients receiving radiotherapy was not low, but the cumulative incidence of CPI gradually increased to 6.8% at 7 years after radiotherapy. Therefore, close monitoring of CPI development is required in surviving patients with risk factors.

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Invasive aspergillosis complicated in a patient with non-small cell lung cancer harboring RET fusion during treatment with RET-TKIs: a case report and literature review
Kaidiriye Setiwalidi, Yimeng Li, Yuyan Ma, Zhanpeng Hao, Yujia Zhao, Yuxin Zhang, Xuan Liang, Tao Tian, Zhiping Ruan, Yu Yao, Xiao Fu
Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Editorial

Oligometastasis: More Lessons to Be Learned: Kyung Hwan Kim, Yong Chan Ahn, Oligometastasis Working Group, Korea Cancer Association; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(1):1-4. Published online January 3, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.265

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Photonic Hyperthermia Synergizes with Immune‐Activators to Augment Tumor‐Localized Immunotherapy
Tiankuan Li, Zhongqian Hu, Feifei Song, Chenyao Wu, Qizeng Miao, Zhongmin Wang, Wei Feng, Jinhe Guo, Yu Chen
Small Methods.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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Original Article

General

Role of Local Treatment for Oligometastasis: A Comparability-Based Meta-Analysis: Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Jong Hoon Lee, Young Seok Kim, Yang-Gun Suh, Kyung Hwan Kim, Eui Kyu Chie, Yong Chan Ahn, The Oligometastasis Working Group, Korea Cancer Association; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(4):953-969. Published online August 16, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.329

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Purpose
We intend to investigate the oncological efficacy and feasibility of local consolidative therapy (LCT) through a meta-analysis method.
Materials and Methods
Four databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane library were searched. Target studies are controlled trials comparing outcomes of LCT versus a control group. Primary endpoints are overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).
Results
A total of 54 studies involving 7,242 patients were included. Pooled analyses showed that the LCT arm could achieve improved OS with pooled odds ratio of 2.896 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.377 to 3.528; p < 0.001). Regarding PFS, pooled analyses showed pooled odds ratio of 3.045 (95% CI, 2.356 to 3.937; p < 0.001) in favor of the LCT arm. In the subgroup analyses including the studies with reliable comparability (e.g. randomized studies or intentionally matched studies without significant favorable prognosticator in LCT arms), pooled odds ratio was 2.548 (95% CI, 1.808 to 3.591; p < 0.001) favoring the LCT arm regarding OS. Regarding PFS, pooled OR was 2.656 (95% CI, 1.713 to 4.120; p < 0.001) which also favored the LCT arm. Subgroup analyses limited to the randomized controlled trials (RCT) were also performed and pooled odds ratios on OS and PFS were 1.535 (95% CI, 1.082 to 2.177; p=0.016) and 1.668 (95% CI, 1.187 to 2.344; p=0.003). The rates of grade ≥ 3 complications related to LCT was mostly low (< 10%) and not significantly higher compared to the control arm.
Conclusion
Pooled analyses results of all included studies, selected studies with reliable comparability, and RCT’s demonstrated the survival benefit of LCT. These consistent results suggest that LCT was beneficial to the patients with oligometastasis.

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Identifying Trends in Oncology Research through a Bibliographic Analysis of Cancer Research and Treatment
Choong-kun Lee, Jeong Min Choo, Yong Chan Ahn, Jin Kim, Sun Young Rha, Chai Hong Rim
Cancer Research and Treatment.2025; 57(1): 11. CrossRef
The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Clinical Practice Guideline on Surgical Management of Oligometastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Mara B. Antonoff, Kyle G. Mitchell, Samuel S. Kim, Hai V. Salfity, Svetlana Kotova, Robert Taylor Ripley, Alfonso L. Neri, Pallavi Sood, Saumil G. Gandhi, Yasir Y. Elamin, Jessica S. Donington, David R. Jones, Elizabeth A. David, Stephen G. Swisher, Isabe
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Aggressive Local Ablative Radiotherapy Mitigates Progression Risk in Oligometastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma
Gowoon Yang, Kyung Hwan Kim, Chang Geol Lee, Min Hee Hong, Hye Ryun Kim, Yeona Cho, Hong In Yoon
Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 56(1): 115. CrossRef
MR-guided stereotactic radiotherapy of infra-diaphragmatic oligometastases: Evaluation of toxicity and dosimetric parameters
Mette van Overeem Felter, Pia Krause Møller, Mirjana Josipovic, Susanne Nørring Bekke, Uffe Bernchou, Eva Serup-Hansen, Kasper Madsen, Parag J. Parikh, Joshua Kim, Poul Geertsen, Claus P. Behrens, Ivan R. Vogelius, Mette Pøhl, Tine Schytte, Gitte Fredberg
Radiotherapy and Oncology.2024; 192: 110090. CrossRef
Clinical implication of neck dissection for metastatic lymph nodes originating from non-head and neck regions
Min Ji Kim, So Hee Kang, MinSu Kwon, Young Ho Jung, Seung-Ho Choi, Soon Yuhl Nam, Yoon Se Lee
Acta Oto-Laryngologica.2024; 144(2): 153. CrossRef
Surgery for Oligometastatic Pancreatic Cancer: Defining Biologic Resectability
Shruti Koti, Lyudmyla Demyan, Gary Deutsch, Matthew Weiss
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2024; 31(6): 4031. CrossRef
Radiation Oncologists’ Perspectives on Oligometastatic Disease: A Korean Survey Study
Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Jong Hoon Lee, Young Seok Kim, Yang-Gun Suh, Kyung Hwan Kim, Ah Ram Chang, Eui Kyu Chie, Yong Chan Ahn
Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 56(2): 414. CrossRef
Radiation Oncologists’ Perspectives on Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer: A Survey from Korean Oligometastasis Working Group
Gyu Sang Yoo, Sunmin Park, Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Ah Ram Chang, Young Seok Kim, Yong Chan Ahn, Eui Kyu Chie
Current Oncology.2024; 31(6): 3239. CrossRef
Local Ablative Therapy Combined With Pembrolizumab in Patients With Synchronous Oligometastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Recursive Partitioning Analysis
Hye In Lee, Eun Kyung Choi, Su Ssan Kim, Young Seob Shin, Junhee Park, Chang-Min Choi, Shinkyo Yoon, Hyeong Ryul Kim, Young Hyun Cho, Si Yeol Song
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2024; 120(3): 698. CrossRef
Retrospective Analysis of Efficacy and Toxicity of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy and Surgical Resection of Adrenal Metastases from Solid Tumors
Jamie Lütscher, Hans Gelpke, Adrian Zehnder, Laetitia Mauti, Christian Padevit, Hubert John, Nidar Batifi, Daniel Rudolf Zwahlen, Robert Förster, Christina Schröder
Cancers.2024; 16(15): 2655. CrossRef
A new proposal of simplified classification of non-small cell lung cancer oligometastases for easy applicability through systematic literature analysis and meta-analysis validation
Hanseung Kang, Woohyeon Do, Yong Chan Ahn, Eui Kyu Chie, Chai Hong Rim
European Journal of Cancer.2024; 212: 115043. CrossRef
Oligometastasis: More Lessons to Be Learned
Kyung Hwan Kim, Yong Chan Ahn
Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(1): 1. CrossRef
Top Ten Lessons Learned from Trials in Oligometastatic Cancers
Vivian S. Tan, David A. Palma
Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(1): 5. CrossRef
Genomic Characteristics and the Potential Clinical Implications in Oligometastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Rongxin Liao, Kehong Chen, Jinjin Li, Hengqiu He, Guangming Yi, Mingfeng Huang, Rongrong Chen, Lu Shen, Xiaoyue Zhang, Zaicheng Xu, Zhenzhou Yang, Yuan Peng
Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(3): 814. CrossRef
Metastasis-Directed Local Therapy of Hepatic Oligometastasis from Colorectal Cancer and Future Perspective in Radiation Therapy
Gyu Sang Yoo, Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Jae-Uk Jeong, Eui Kyu Chie, Hyeon-Min Cho, Jun Won Um, Yong Chan Ahn, Jong Hoon Lee
Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(3): 707. CrossRef
Barriers in Oligometastasis Care in Korea: Radiation Oncologists’ Perspectives
Eui Kyu Chie, Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Yong Chan Ahn
Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(4): 1063. CrossRef
Impact of high dose radiotherapy for breast tumor in locoregionally uncontrolled stage IV breast cancer: a need for a risk-stratified approach
Nalee Kim, Haeyoung Kim, Won Park, Won Kyung Cho, Tae Gyu Kim, Young-Hyuck Im, Jin Seok Ahn, Yeon Hee Park, Ji-Yeon Kim
Radiation Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Oligometastasis: Expansion of Curative Treatments in the Field of Oncology
Ah Reum Lim, Chai Hong Rim
Medicina.2023; 59(11): 1934. CrossRef
Treating Oligometastses, Prelude or Just Hassles of Systemic Treatment
Dae Ho Lee
Cancer Research and Treatment.2022; 54(4): 951. CrossRef

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Editorial

The Rise of Particle Beam Therapy: Are We Ready for The Potential Game-Changer?: Eui Kyu Chie, Yong Chan Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(3):609-610. Published online June 16, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.707

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Original Articles

Head and Neck cancer

Re-irradiation with Moderate Hypo-fractionation Using Intensity Modulated Photon or Proton Radiation Therapy in Locally Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Nasopharynx: Heerim Nam, Yong Chan Ahn, Kyungmi Yang, Dongryul Oh, Jae Myoung Noh; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(1):96-108. Published online March 26, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.1349

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Purpose
This study aimed to analyze the treatment outcomes of locally recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) patients following moderate hypo-fractionation re-irradiation (re-RT).
Materials and Methods
Sixty locally recurrent NPC patients underwent hypo-fractionation re-RT. Forty-eight point three percentage had rT3-4, and 30.0% did keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), with or without intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT), was used in 66.7% of patients.
Results
With the median follow-up of 22 months (range, 2 to 254 months), 31 patients (51.7%) died, 38 (63.3%) developed further treatment failure, and 30 (50.0%) developed ≥ grade 3 toxicity (including seven grade 5) at time of analysis. The 2- and 5-year rates of overall survival, local failure-free survival, and ≥ grade 3 toxicity-free survival were 57.9% and 45.8%, 64.1% and 52.5%, and 54.8% and 44.9%, respectively. In multivariate analyses, worse factors for overall survival (OS) were iT3-4 (p=0.010) and age at re-RT ≥ 53 years (p=0.003), those for local failure-free survival (LFFS) were rT3-4 (p=0.022) and rN0-1 (p=0.035), and those for toxicity-free survival (TFS) were iT3-4 (p=0.020) and re-IMRT/IMPT (p=0.030), respectively. Cumulative dose or fraction size ≥ 3 Gy at re-RT, however, showed no significance for OS, LFFS and TFS.
Conclusion
Current re-RT with modern RT techniques by moderate hypo-fractionation scheme seemed feasible in treating locally recurrent NPC patients.

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Radiation oncology for the rhinologist
Helena Levyn, Fan Yang, Nancy Y. Lee
Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head & Neck Surgery.2024; 32(1): 5. CrossRef
Identifying the prognostic value of MRI-based tumor response and predicting the risk of radio-resistance in re-radiotherapy for locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Zi-Jian Lu, Ting Liu, Jie-Yi Lin, Sheng-Ting Pei, Ling Guo, Sai-Lan Liu, Hai-Qiang Mai
Radiotherapy and Oncology.2023; 183: 109635. CrossRef
Low-dose radiotherapy effects the progression of anti-tumor response
Lei Gao, Anqi Zhang
Translational Oncology.2023; 35: 101710. CrossRef
The Role of Hypofractionation in Proton Therapy
Alexandre Santos, Scott Penfold, Peter Gorayski, Hien Le
Cancers.2022; 14(9): 2271. CrossRef
Toxicity Profiles and Survival Outcomes Among Patients With Nonmetastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Treated With Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy vs Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy
Xingzhe Li, Sarin Kitpanit, Anna Lee, Dennis Mah, Kevin Sine, Eric J. Sherman, Lara A. Dunn, Loren S. Michel, James Fetten, Kaveh Zakeri, Yao Yu, Linda Chen, Jung Julie Kang, Daphna Y. Gelblum, Sean M. McBride, Chiaojung J. Tsai, Nadeem Riaz, Nancy Y. Lee
JAMA Network Open.2021; 4(6): e2113205. CrossRef

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Oncological and Functional Outcomes of Larynx-preserving Surgery for Hypopharyngeal Cancer: A Comparison with Definitive Radiation-based Treatment: Donghyeok Kim, Nalee Kim, Sungmin Koh, Man Ki Chung, Young-Ik Son, Dongryul Oh, Han-Sin Jeong, Yong Chan Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(1):84-95. Published online March 26, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.1197

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Purpose
Larynx-preserving surgery (LPS) have recently gained popularity and achieved comparable oncologic outcomes to conventional radical surgery for localized hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC). In the current study, the role of LPS has been assessed thoroughly in comparison with upfront radiation therapy (RT).
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 185 candidates for LPS with cT1-2 disease; 59 patients underwent upfront LPS while 126 patients received upfront RT, respectively. Oncological and functional outcomes were investigated and compared.
Results
Following LPS, safe margin (≥ 5 mm) was achieved in 37.3% of patients. Overall, better clinical outcomes at 5 years were achieved following upfront LPS than those following upfront RT: overall survival (OS) (72.7% vs. 59.0%, p=0.045), disease-free survival (DFS) (59.8% vs. 45.0%, p=0.039), and functional laryngeal preservation (100% vs. 89.7%, p=0.010). Although similar outcomes were observed in patients with cT1 disease, better 5-year DFS was achieved following upfront LPS in patients with cT2 disease (57.0% vs. 36.4%, p=0.023) by virtue of better local control. Despite frequent cN2-3 disease in upfront LPS group, comparable outcomes were observed between upfront RT and LPS group. However, multivariable analyses revealed that performance status and double primary cancer diagnosed within 6 months of HPC diagnosis affected OS significantly, while treatment modality per se did not.
Conclusion
Although upfront LPS could provide better local control than upfront RT in patients with cT2 disease, overall outcomes were comparable following either modality. Treatment selection of larynx-preserving approach for HPC should be individualized based on tumor and patient factors.

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In Reply to Liu and Luo
Kangpyo Kim, Yong Chan Ahn
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2024; 118(1): 308. CrossRef
The role and clinical significance of microRNA-29a-3p in the development of hypopharyngeal carcinoma
Tao Liu, Detao Ding, Wei Wang, Yungang Wu, Dengdian Ma, Miaomiao Liu, Ziqiao Tan, Jing Yao, Xiaoyu Li
Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology.2023; 89(3): 401. CrossRef
Survival and swallowing function outcome impact factors analysis of surgery-oriented comprehensive treatment for hypopharyngeal cancer in a series of 122 patients
Wan-Xin Li, Yan-Bo Dong, Cheng Lu, Patrick J. Bradley, Liang-Fa Liu
Ear, Nose & Throat Journal.2022; 101(8): 532. CrossRef

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Head/neck cancer

Development of a Tongue Immobilization Device Using a 3D Printer for Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy of Nasopharyngeal Cancer Patients: Sang Gyu Ju, Yong Chan Ahn, Yeong-bi Kim, Seung Gyu Park, Yoo-mi Choi, Cho Hee Na, Chae-Seon Hong, Dongryul Oh, Dong Yeol Kwon, Cheol Chong Kim, Dong Hyeon Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(1):45-54. Published online September 15, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.572

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Purpose
This study aimed to reduce radiation doses to the tongue, a patient-specific semi-customized tongue immobilization device (SCTID) was developed using a 3D printer for helical tomotherapy (HT) of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPCa). Dosimetric characteristics and setup stability of the SCTID were compared with those of a standard mouthpiece (SMP).
Materials and Methods
For displacement and robust immobilization of the tongue, the SCTID consists of four parts: upper and lower tooth stoppers, tongue guider, tongue-tip position guide bar, and connectors. With the SCTID and SMP, two sets of planning computed tomography and HT plans were obtained for 10 NPCa patients. Dosimetric and geometric characteristics were compared. Position reproducibility of the tongue with SCTID was evaluated by comparing with planned dose and adaptive accumulated dose of the tongue and base of the tongue based on daily setup mega-voltage computed tomography.
Results
Using the SCTID, the tongue was effectively displaced from the planning target volume compared to the SMP. The median mucosa of the tongue (M-tongue) dose was significantly reduced (20.7 Gy vs. 27.8 Gy). The volumes of the M-tongue receiving a dose of 15 Gy, 30 Gy, and 45 Gy and the volumes of the mucosa of oral cavity and oropharynx (M-OC/OP) receiving a dose of 45 Gy and 60 Gy were significantly lower than using the SMP. No significant differences was observed between the planned dose and the accumulated adaptive dose in any dosimetric characteristics of the tongue and base of tongue.
Conclusion
SCTID can not only reduce the dose to the M-tongue and M-OC/OP dramatically, when compared to SMP, but also provide excellent reproducibility and easy visual verification.

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A Novel Immobilization Method for the Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer Using 3D Printing
Christopher Szewczyk, Yixiang Liao, Samer Al-Khudari, Michael J. Jelinek, Ken Tatebe
Practical Radiation Oncology.2024; 14(1): 20. CrossRef
Novel tongue-positioning device to reduce tongue motions during radiation therapy for head and neck cancer: Geometric and dosimetric evaluation
Seongmoon Jung, Bitbyeol Kim, Sung Young Lee, Won Ick Chang, Jaeman Son, Jong Min Park, Chang Heon Choi, Joo Ho Lee, Hong-Gyun Wu, Jung-in Kim, Jin Ho Kim, Minsoo Chun
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(9): e0291712. CrossRef
Dosimetric comparison between VMAT plans using the fast-rotating O-ring linac with dual-layer stacked MLC and helical tomotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Sang Gyu Ju, Yong Chan Ahn, Yeong-bi Kim, Jin Man Kim, Dong Yeol Kwon, Byoung Suk Park, Kyungmi Yang
Radiation Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Tongue Displacement Device in Decreasing the Radiation Dose to Tongue and Preventing Proton Beam Overshoot in Proton Therapy for Unilateral Head and Neck Cancer
Chae-Seon Hong, Dongryul Oh, Sang Gyu Ju, Yong Chan Ahn, Yeong-bi Kim, Seyjoon Park, Woojin Lee
Frontiers in Physics.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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Dummy Run of Quality Assurance Program before Prospective Study of Hippocampus-Sparing Whole-Brain Radiotherapy and Simultaneous Integrated Boost for Multiple Brain Metastases from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Korean Radiation Oncology Group (KROG) 17-06 Study: Eunah Chung, Jae Myoung Noh, Kyu Chan Lee, Jin Hee Kim, Weon Kuu Chung, Yang-Gun Suh, Jung Ae Lee, Ki Ho Seol, Hong Gyun Wu, Yeon Sil Kim, O Kyu Noh, Jae Won Park, Dong Soo Lee, Jihae Lee, Young Suk Kim, Woo-Yoon Park, Min Kyu Kang, Sunmi Jo, Yong Chan Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(3):1001-1010. Published online October 15, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.415

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Purpose
Lung Cancer Subcommittee of Korean Radiation Oncology Group (KROG) has recently launched a prospective clinical trial (KROG 17-06) of hippocampus-sparing whole brain radiotherapy (HS-WBRT) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) in treating multiple brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer. In order to improve trial quality, dummy run studies among the participating institutions were designed. This work reported the results of two-step dummy run procedures of the KROG 17-06 study.
Materials and Methods
Two steps tested hippocampus contouring variability and radiation therapy planning compliance. In the first step, the variation of the hippocampus delineation was investigated for two representative cases using the Dice similarity coefficients. In the second step, the participating institutions were requested to generate a HS-WBRT with SIB treatment plan for another representative case. The compliance of the treatment plans to the planning protocol was evaluated.
Results
In the first step, the median Dice similarity coefficients of the hippocampus contours for two other dummy run cases changed from 0.669 (range, 0.073 to 0.712) to 0.690 (range, 0.522 to 0.750) and from 0.291 (range, 0.219 to 0.522) to 0.412 (range, 0.264 to 0.598) after providing the hippocampus contouring feedback. In the second step, with providing additional plan priority and extended dose constraints to the target volumes and normal structures, we observed the improved compliance of the treatment plans to the planning protocol.
Conclusion
The dummy run studies demonstrated the notable inter-institutional variability in delineating the hippocampus and treatment plan generation, which could be decreased through feedback from the trial center.

Citations

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Radiotherapy trial quality assurance processes: a systematic review
Chloe Brooks, Elizabeth Miles, Peter J Hoskin
The Lancet Oncology.2024; 25(3): e104. CrossRef
Durvalumab with chemoradiotherapy for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer
Sehhoon Park, Jae Myoung Noh, Yoon-La Choi, Sang Ah Chi, Kyunga Kim, Hyun Ae Jung, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Myung-Ju Ahn, Jong-Mu Sun
European Journal of Cancer.2022; 169: 42. CrossRef
Region-Specific Effects of Fractionated Low-Dose Versus Single-Dose Radiation on Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Neuroinflammation
Zoé Schmal, Claudia E. Rübe
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Non–coplanar whole brain radiotherapy is an effective modality for parotid sparing
Jaehyeon Park, Jae Won Park, Ji Woon Yea
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2019; 36(1): 36. CrossRef

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Salvage Concurrent Chemo-radiation Therapy for Loco-regional Recurrence Following Curative Surgery of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Kyung Hwa Lee, Yong Chan Ahn, Hongryull Pyo, Jae Myoung Noh, Seung Gyu Park, Tae Gyu Kim, Eonju Lee, Heerim Nam, Hyebin Lee, Jong-Mu Sun, Jin Seok Ahn, Myung-Ju Ahn, Keunchil Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(2):769-776. Published online September 11, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.366

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study is to report clinical outcomes of salvage concurrent chemo-radiation therapy (CCRT) in treating patients with loco-regional recurrence (LRR) following initial complete resection of non-small cell lung cancer.
Materials and Methods
Between February 2004 and December 2016, 127 patients underwent salvage CCRT for LRR. The median radiation therapy (RT) dose was 66 Gy and clinical target volume was to cover recurrent lesion with margin without elective inclusion of regional lymphatics. Majority of patients (94.5%) received weekly platinum-based doublet chemotherapy during RT course.
Results
The median follow-up time from the start of CCRT was 25 months. The median survival duration was 49 months, and overall survival (OS) rates at 2 and 5 years were 72.9% and 43.9%. The 2- and 5-year rates of in-field failure-free survival, distant metastasis free survival, and progression free survival were 82.4% and 73.8%, 50.4% and 39.9%, and 34.6% and 22.3%, respectively. Grade ≥ 3 radiation-related esophagitis and pneumonitis occurred in 14 (11.0%) and six patients (4.7%), respectively. On both univariate and multivariate analysis, higher biologically equivalent dose (BED10) (≥ 79.2 Gy10 vs. < 79.2 Gy10; hazard ratio [HR], 0.431), smaller CTV (≤ 80 cm3 vs. > 80 cm3; HR, 0.403), and longer disease-free interval (> 1 year vs. ≤ 1 year; HR, 0.489) were significantly favorable factors for OS.
Conclusion
The current study has demonstrated that high dose salvage CCRT focused to the involved lesion only was highly effective and safe. In particular, higher BED₁₀, smaller CTV, and longer disease-free interval were favorable factors for improved survival.

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Prognosis of non‐small cell lung cancer with postoperative regional lymph node recurrence
Yoichi Ohtaki, Toshiteru Nagashima, Naoko Okano, Nobuteru Kubo, Takeru Ohtaka, Noriaki Sunaga, Reiko Sakurai, Yosuke Miura, Seshiru Nakazawa, Natsuko Kawatani, Tomohiro Yazawa, Ryohei Yoshikawa, Eiji Narusawa, Ken Shirabe
Thoracic Cancer.2024; 15(11): 859. CrossRef
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Megumi Furuta, Hidehito Horinouchi, Isao Yokota, Teppei Yamaguchi, Shoichi Itoh, Takafumi Fukui, Akira Iwashima, Jun Sugisaka, Yu Miura, Hisashi Tanaka, Taichi Miyawaki, Hiroshi Yokouchi, Keita Miura, Ryota Saito, Go Saito, Tatsuhiko Kamoshida, Yusuke Uch
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Hongsheng Deng, Juan Zhou, Hualin Chen, Xiuyu Cai, Ran Zhong, Feng Li, Bo Cheng, Caichen Li, Qingzhu Jia, Caicun Zhou, René Horsleben Petersen, Gaetano Rocco, Alex Brunelli, Calvin S.H. Ng, Thomas A. D’Amico, Chunxia Su, Jianxing He, Wenhua Liang, Bo Zhu
International Journal of Surgery.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Kathleen Bowes, Nick Jovanoski, Audrey E. Brown, Danilo Di Maio, Rossella Belleli, Shkun Chadda, Seye Abogunrin
Medical Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Salvage proton beam therapy for locoregional recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer
Hyunju Shin, Jae Myoung Noh, Hongryull Pyo, Yong Chan Ahn, Dongryul Oh
Radiation Oncology Journal.2021; 39(1): 24. CrossRef
Hypo-fractionated radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy for locoregional recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer after complete resection: A prospective, single-arm, phase II study (GASTO-1017)
NaiBin Chen, QiWen Li, SiYu Wang, Mai Xiong, YiFeng Luo, Bin Wang, Li Chen, MaoSheng Lin, XiaoBo Jiang, JianLan Fang, SuPing Guo, JinYu Guo, Nan Hu, XinLei Ai, DaQuan Wang, Chu Chu, FangJie Liu, Hao Long, JunYe Wang, Bo Qiu, Hui Liu
Lung Cancer.2021; 156: 82. CrossRef
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Yoon Young Jo, Su Ssan Kim, Si Yeol Song, Eun Kyung Choi
Radiation Oncology Journal.2021; 39(3): 210. CrossRef
Propensity score adjusted analysis of patients with isolated locoregional recurrence versus de novo locally advanced NSCLC treated with definitive therapy
Cole Friedes, Nicholas Mai, Wei Fu, Chen Hu, Peijin Han, Kristen A. Marrone, K. Ranh Voong, Russell K. Hales
Lung Cancer.2020; 145: 119. CrossRef

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Feasibility of Selective Neck Irradiation with Lower Elective Radiation Dose in Treating Nasopharynx Cancer Patients: Won Kyung Cho, Dongryul Oh, Eonju Lee, Tae Gyu Kim, Hyebin Lee, Heerim Nam, Jae Myoung Noh, Yong Chan Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(2):603-610. Published online July 18, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.240

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study aimed to report the clinical outcomes following selective neck irradiation (SNI) with lower elective radiation therapy (RT) dose in treating nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) patients.
Materials and Methods
A total of 347 NPC patients received definitive RT according to our SNI policy and were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical target volumes (CTVs) were subdivided into CTV at high risk (CTV-HR) and CTV at low risk (CTV-LR). The typical doses to gross tumor volume (GTV), CTV-HR, and CTV-LR were 68.4-70.0 Gy, 54.0-60.0 Gy, and 36.0 Gy.
Results
With the median follow-up of 68.1 months (range, 2.3 to 197.1 months), the 5-year rates of loco-regional control and progression-free survival in all the patients were 85.0% and 70.8%, respectively. Thirty patients developed regional failure and the regional control rates at 3 and 5 years were 92.6% and 91.4%, respectively. The sites of regional failure in relation to the target volume were exclusively inside GTV/CTV-HR in 20, inside and outside GTV/CTVHR in three, and exclusively outside GTV/CTV-HR in seven, which were 5.7%, 0.9%, and 2.0% of total patients, respectively.
Conclusion
The clinical outcomes by the current SNI policy were feasible and comparable to those following classic elective nodal irradiation policy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

In Reply to Liu and Luo
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Radiation Therapy Outcome and Clinical Features of Duodenal-Type Follicular Lymphoma: Hansang Lee, Dongryul Oh, Kyungmi Yang, Young Hyeh Ko, Yong Chan Ahn, Won Seog Kim, Seok Jin Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(2):547-555. Published online July 10, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.190

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Duodenal-type follicular lymphoma (FL) is a rare variant of FL. There is still no consensus on the initial treatment, and clinical features including endoscopic findings are not familiar to most physicians. The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcome of patients who were initially treated with radiation therapy for duodenal-type FL.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 20 patients who were consecutively diagnosed with duodenaltype FL between 2008 and 2017. All patients received radiation therapywith curative intent.
Results
The median age of the patients was 52 years (range, 26 to 66 years), and females were predominant. Most patients (n=18, 90%) had stage I disease, and were diagnosed by a regular health examination in an asymptomatic state. The histological grade was one in 19 patients (95%), and the endoscopic findings were diffuse nodular (n=8), whitish granular (n=8), and mixed pattern (n=4). Radiation therapy was delivered to 17 patients with 24 Gy in 12 fractions, and to three patients with 30.6-36 Gy in 18 fractions. All patients were evaluated with endoscopy for response to radiation therapy, and complete response was achieved in 19 patients (95%). At the time of analysis, all patients survived without any evidence of late toxicities related with radiation therapy.
Conclusion
Taken together, radiation therapy alone could be effective in controlling duodenal lesion. A further study with longer follow-up duration is warranted to confirm our findings.

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Clinical characteristics and outcomes of Brazilian patients with duodenal-type follicular lymphoma: a multicenter retrospective study
Guilherme Duffles, Arthur Braga, Talita Silveira, Yana Novis, Celso Arrais, Luciana Tucunduva, Ana Rita Fonseca, Davimar Borducchi, Pedro Neffa, Fernando Blumm, Marianne de Castro Gonçalves, Frederico Moreira, Fabio Nucci, Eduardo Rego, Vanderson Rocha
Leukemia & Lymphoma.2025; 66(1): 95. CrossRef
Recent updates on treatment options for primary follicular lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract
Masaya Iwamuro, Takehiro Tanaka, Daisuke Ennishi, Motoyuki Otsuka
Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2024; 18(7): 367. CrossRef
Duodenal-type follicular lymphoma: comprehensive insights into disease characteristics and established treatment strategies
Ahmed Alnughmush, Riad El Fakih, Ruah Alyamany, Nasir Bakshi, Saud Alhayli, Mahmoud Aljurf
Current Opinion in Oncology.2024; 36(6): 577. CrossRef
Bridging clinicopathologic features and genetics in follicular lymphoma: Towards enhanced diagnostic accuracy and subtype differentiation
Jan Bosch-Schips, Xenia Parisi, Fina Climent, Francisco Vega
Human Pathology.2024; : 105676. CrossRef
Duodenal Polyposis: An Incidental Finding of Duodenal-Type Follicular Lymphoma
Rachael Hagen, Jasmine Tidwell, Emily Weng, Steven A Goldenberg, Anjiya Shaikh
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Increased Risk of Diabetes after Definitive Radiotherapy in Patients with Indolent Gastroduodenal Lymphoma
Jong Yun Baek, Do Hoon Lim, Dongryul Oh, Heerim Nam, Jae J Kim, Jun Haeng Lee, Byung-Hoon Min, Hyuk Lee
Cancer Research and Treatment.2022; 54(1): 294. CrossRef
Duodenal Follicular Lymphoma: Track or Treat?
M. Varanese, A. Lauro, I. Lattina, D. Tripodi, T. Daralioti, S. Khouzam, I. R. Marino, V. Stigliano, V. D’Andrea, S. Frattaroli, S. Sorrenti
Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2022; 67(5): 1733. CrossRef
Incidentally Found Mucosal Nodularity on the Second Portion of Duodenum
Joo Hyun Lim
The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research.2022; 22(2): 163. CrossRef
Duodenal-type follicular lymphoma more than 10 years after treatment intervention: A retrospective single-center analysis
Makoto Saito, Akio Mori, Shihori Tsukamoto, Takashi Ishio, Emi Yokoyama, Koh Izumiyama, Masanobu Morioka, Takeshi Kondo, Hirokazu Sugino
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.2022; 14(8): 1552. CrossRef
Linfoma folicular duodenal primario: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Lázaro Antonio Arango Molano, Andrés Sánchez Gil, Ileana Rocío Bautista Parada
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What do we know about duodenal‐type follicular lymphoma? From pathological definition to treatment options
Guilherme Duffles Amarante, Graham Collins, Vanderson Rocha
British Journal of Haematology.2020; 188(6): 831. CrossRef
Scientific Advances and the Evolution of Diagnosis, Subclassification and Treatment of Lymphoma
Judith A. Ferry
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Development of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma from duodenal type follicular lymphoma: a retrospective study of 23 cases
Masuho Saburi, Yoshiyuki Kondo, Masao Ogata, Yasuhiro Soga, Miyuki Abe, Kuniko Takano, Kazuhiro Kohno, Takayuki Nagai, Toshiyuki Nakayama
International Journal of Hematology.2020; 112(5): 658. CrossRef
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Kyu Hye Choi, Han Hee Lee, Seung-Eun Jung, Kyung-Sin Park, Joo-Hyun O, Young-Woo Jeon, Byung-Ock Choi, Seok-Goo Cho
Radiation Oncology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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EGFR Mutation Is Associated with Short Progression-Free Survival in Patients with Stage III Non-squamous Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy: Song Ee Park, Jae Myoung Noh, You Jin Kim, Han Sang Lee, Jang Ho Cho, Sung Won Lim, Yong Chan Ahn, Hongryull Pyo, Yoon-La Choi, Joungho Han, Jong-Mu Sun, Se Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Keunchil Park, Myung-Ju Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(2):493-501. Published online June 18, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.125

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and clinical outcomes in patients with stage III non-squamous cell lung cancer treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).
Materials and Methods
From January 2008 to December 2013, the medical records of 197 patients with stage III non- squamous non-small cell lung cancer treated with definitive CCRT were analyzed to determine progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) according to EGFR mutation status.
Results
Among 197 eligible patients, 81 patients were EGFR wild type, 36 patients had an EGFR mutation (exon 19 Del, n=18; L858R, n=9, uncommon [G719X, L868, T790M], n=9), and 80 patients had unknown EGFR status. The median age was 59 years (range, 28 to 80 years) and 136 patients (69.0%) were male. The median follow-up duration was 66.5 months (range, 1.9 to 114.5 months). One hundred sixty-four patients (83.2%) experienced disease progression. Median PFS was 8.9 months for the EGFR mutation group, 11.8 months for EGFR wild type, and 10.5 months for the unknown EGFR group (p=0.013 and p=0.042, respectively). The most common site of metastasis in the EGFR mutant group was the brain. However, there was no significant difference in OS among the three groups (34.6 months for EGFR mutant group vs. 31.9 months for EGFR wild type vs. 22.6 months for EGFR unknown group; p=0.792 and p=0.284). A total of 29 patients (80.6%) with EGFR mutation were treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (gefitinib, n=24; erlotinib, n=3; afatinib, n=2) upon progression.
Conclusion
EGFR mutation is associatedwith short PFS and the brain is the most common site of distant metastasis in patients with stage III non- squamous cell lung cancer treated with CCRT.

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The Effect of Hospital Case Volume on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Multi-institutional Retrospective Analysis (KROG-1106): Boram Ha, Kwan Ho Cho, Sung Ho Moon, Chang-Geol Lee, Ki Chang Keum, Yeon-Sil Kim, Hong-Gyun Wu, Jin Ho Kim, Yong Chan Ahn, Dongryul Oh, Jae Myoung Noh, Jong Hoon Lee, Sung Hwan Kim, Won Taek Kim, Young-Taek Oh, Min Kyu Kang, Jin Hee Kim, Ji-Yoon Kim, Moon-June Cho, Chul Seoung Kay, Jin Hwa Choi; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(1):12-23. Published online February 5, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.273

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of hospital case volume on clinical outcomes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
Materials and Methods
Data on 1,073 patients with cT1-4N0-3M0 NPC were collected from a multi-institutional retrospective database (KROG 11-06). All patients received definitive radiotherapy (RT) either with three-dimensional-conformal RT (3D-CRT) (n=576) or intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) (n=497). The patients were divided into two groups treated at high volume institution (HVI) (n=750) and low volume institution (LVI) (n=323), defined as patient volume ≥ 10 (median, 13; range, 10 to 18) and < 10 patients per year (median, 3; range, 2 to 6), respectively. Endpoints were overall survival (OS) and loco-regional progression-free survival (LRPFS).
Results
At a median follow-up of 56.7 months, the outcomes were significantly better in those treated at HVI than at LVI. For the 614 patients of propensity score-matched cohort, 5-year OS and LRPFS were consistently higher in the HVI group than in the LVI group (OS: 78.4% vs. 62.7%, p < 0.001; LRPFS: 86.2% vs. 65.8%, p < 0.001, respectively). According to RT modality, significant difference in 5-year OS was observed in patients receiving 3D-CRT (78.7% for HVI vs. 58.9% for LVI, p < 0.001) and not in those receiving IMRT (77.3% for HVI vs. 75.5% for LVI, p=0.170).
Conclusion
A significant relationship was observed between HVI and LVI for the clinical outcomes of patients with NPC. However, the difference in outcome becomes insignificant in the IMRT era, probably due to the standardization of practice by education.

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Accumulated Dose Deviation of Rotational and Residual Setup Errors on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Using MIM Treated by Helical Tomotherapy
Wenyan Yao, Jiang Hu, Peixun Xu, Mengxue He, Yongwen Fang, Mingzhi Liu, Zongtai Li, Huilang He, Hui Liu, Wenzhao Sun, Senkui Xu
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Jerry Ye Aung Kyaw, Alice Rendall, Erin F. Gillespie, Tom Roques, Laurence Court, Yolande Lievens, Alison C. Tree, Chris Frampton, Ajay Aggarwal
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Stephanie Flukes, Rahul K. Sharma, Shivangi Lohia, Marc A. Cohen
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Tzu-Yu Lai, Chiu-Mei Yeh, Yu-Wen Hu, Chia-Jen Liu
Radiotherapy and Oncology.2020; 151: 190. CrossRef

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Low-Dose Radiation Therapy for Primary Conjunctival Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma: Ga-In Lee, Dongryul Oh, Won Seog Kim, Seok Jin Kim, Young Hyeh Ko, Kyung In Woo, Yoon-Duck Kim, Yong Chan Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(2):575-581. Published online June 16, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.182

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical features and the long-term outcomes of primary conjunctival marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBCL) patients who were treated with radiation therapy (RT).
Materials and Methods
Retrospective data of 79 patients with 121 primary conjunctival MZBCL lesions were collected from January 1, 2001 till June 30, 2014. All lesions were treated by local RT (26 Gy) with patient-specific customized lens-shielding device.
Results
The current Korean patients’ cohort showed younger median age at diagnosis (38 years), great female preponderance (78.5%) and more frequent bilateral involvement (53.2%) than the previous studies. Following 26 Gy’s RT, excellent clinical outcomes were achieved: 5-year rates of overall survival, local relapse-free survival, and contralateral relapse-free survival were 100%, 98.1%, and 91.5%, respectively. Two patients (2.5%) developed local relapse and five (6.3%) developed relapse at initially uninvolved contralateral conjunctiva with median interval of 52.9 months, and late adverse events of grade 2 and 3 occurred in seven (8.8%) and two (2.5%) patients, respectively.
Conclusion
26 Gy’s RT was highly effective and safe, with the use of lens-shielding device, in treating patients with primary conjunctival MZBCL.

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Clinicopathologic features of conjunctival MALT lymphomas refractory to radiation therapy
Yuka Suimon, Satoru Kase, Rumiko Kinoshita, Susumu Ishida
Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology.2024; 59(5): e501. CrossRef
Long‐term outcomes of patients with conjunctival extranodal marginal zone lymphoma
Eduardo Edelman Saul, Juan Pablo Alderuccio, Isildinha M. Reis, Wei Zhao, Sunil G. Iyer, Gregor Rodriguez, Amrita Desai, Jennifer R. Chapman, David T. Tse, Arnold M. Markoe, Derek M. Isrow, Izidore S. Lossos
American Journal of Hematology.2023; 98(1): 148. CrossRef
Conjunctival Lymphoma
Lindsay A. McGrath, David A. Ryan, Sunil K. Warrier, Sarah E. Coupland, William J. Glasson
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Long‐term survival outcomes of patients with primary ocular adnexal MALT lymphoma: A large single‐center cohort study
Yuanzheng Liang, Rui‐ying Fu, Xue‐lin Liu, Xin‐di Liu, Ying‐shi Piao, Jian‐min Ma, Liang Wang
Cancer Medicine.2023; 12(3): 2514. CrossRef
Watchful waiting is an acceptable treatment option for asymptomatic primary ocular adnexal mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: A retrospective study
Kentaro Mizuhara, Tsutomu Kobayashi, Mitsushige Nakao, Ryoichi Takahashi, Hiroto Kaneko, Kazuho Shimura, Koichi Hirakawa, Nobuhiko Uoshima, Katsuya Wada, Eri Kawata, Reiko Isa, Takahiro Fujino, Taku Tsukamoto, Shinsuke Mizutani, Yuji Shimura, Akiko Yoneda
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Min Joung Lee, Me Yeon Lee, Ji-Young Choe, Se Hyun Choi, Hyo Jung Kim
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Jeremy P. M. Flanagan, Michael Ng, Awet Z. Kibrom, Robin J. A. Filshie, Richard J. Stawell, Roderick F. O’Day
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Basil K. Williams, Maura Di Nicola
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Giuseppe Giannaccare, Federico Bernabei, Martina Angi, Marco Pellegrini, Antonio Maestri, Vito Romano, Vincenzo Scorcia, Pierre-Räphael Rothschild
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Khaled Elsayad, Gabriele Reinartz, Michael Oertel, Stephan Rehn, Jens Eismann, Sergiu Scobioala, Hendrik Berssenbrügge, Nicole Eter, Carsten Weishaupt, Hartmut H. Schmidt, Birte Friedrichs, Inga Grünewald, Wolfgang Hartmann, Georg Lenz, Eva Wardelmann, No
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Andrés J. M. Ferreri, Marianna Sassone, Elisabetta Miserocchi, Silvia Govi, Caterina Cecchetti, Matteo E. Corti, Silvia Mappa, Luca Arcaini, Francesco Zaja, Giuseppe Todeschini, Donato Mannina, Teresa Calimeri, Salvatore Perrone, Maurilio Ponzoni, Giulio
Blood Advances.2020; 4(6): 1013. CrossRef
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Jeongshim Lee, Dongryul Oh, Byung Ock Choi, Keun‐Yong Eom, Jong Hoon Lee, Jung Hoon Kim, Sang Wook Lee, Yang Kwon Suh, Chang‐Ok Suh
Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology.2019; 15(6): 358. CrossRef
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Rebecca E. Tanenbaum, Anat Galor, Sander R. Dubovy, Carol L. Karp
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Necrotizing Fasciitis: Low-Dose Radiotherapy as a Potential Adjunct Treatment
Gaurav Dhawan, Rachna Kapoor, Asha Dhamija, Ravinder Singh, Bharat Monga, Edward J. Calabrese
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Alexander Vaiserman, Alexander Koliada, Oksana Zabuga, Yehoshua Socol
Dose-Response.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

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Comparison of the Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tonsil Receiving Postoperative Ipsilateral Versus Bilateral Neck Radiotherapy: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis (KROG 11-07): Youngkyong Kim, Kwan Ho Cho, Sung Ho Moon, Chang Geol Lee, Ki Chang Keum, Sang-wook Lee, Yong Chan Ahn, Dongryul Oh, Yeon-Sil Kim, Yong Kyun Won, Hong-Gyun Wu, J. Hun Hah, Young-Taek Oh; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(4):1097-1105. Published online February 9, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.425

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The impact of postoperative ipsilateral neck radiotherapy (INRT) versus bilateral neck radiotherapy (BNRT) on the clinical outcomes of patients with tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma was analyzed retrospectively.
Materials and Methods
Between October 2001 and June 2012, 241 patients with T1-2 and N0-N2b tonsillar carcinoma from 16 institutes underwent postoperative INRT (n=84) or BNRT (n=157) following a tonsillectomy. Seventy patientswere identified from each group by propensity score matching and compared in terms of the overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), locoregional relapse-free survival (LRRFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) rates calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method with a log-rank test.
Results
The median follow-up was 55 months (range, 3 to 133 months). The survival outcomes in the INRT and BNRT groupswere similar: 5-year OS (92.8% vs. 94.0%, p=0.985), DFS (80.5% vs. 94.2%. p=0.085), LRRFS (88.1% vs. 97.1%, p=0.083), and DMFS (92.7% vs. 97.0%, p=0.370). Subgroup analysis revealed no contralateral neck recurrence in 61 patients with T1-2N0-2a regardless of the treatment groups. For 79 patients with N2b, contralateral neck recurrence was more common in the INRT group than in the BNRT group (7.9% vs. 0.0%), but the difference was not significant (p=0.107). The overall grade ≥ 2 toxicities were lower in the INRT group: acute (45.7% vs. 74.3%, p=0.001) and late (4.3% vs. 31.4%, p < 0.001), respectively.
Conclusion
INRT is an attractive strategy for patients with T1-2N0-2a tonsillar carcinoma compared to BNRT. For patients with N2b, there was a small risk of contralateral neck recurrence when treated with INRT, but its impact on the OS was limited with successful salvage treatment.

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A multi‐institutional feasibility lead‐in trial of lymphatic mapping with SPECT–CT for evaluating contralateral disease in lateralized oropharynx cancer using 99m‐technetium sulfur colloid
Leba Michael Sarkis, Christopher MKL Yao, Aaron Hendler, Ravi Mohan, Michael Au, Han Zhang, Antoine Eskander, Kevin Higgins, Danielle MacNeil, Sharon Tzelnick, David Goldstein, Ali Hosni, John R. de Almeida
Head & Neck.2024; 46(12): 3038. CrossRef
Radiation Therapy for HPV-Positive Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An ASTRO Clinical Practice Guideline
Danielle N. Margalit, Christopher J. Anker, Michalis Aristophanous, Musaddiq Awan, Gopal K. Bajaj, Lisa Bradfield, Joseph Califano, Jimmy J. Caudell, Christina H. Chapman, Adam S. Garden, Paul M. Harari, Amanda Helms, Alexander Lin, Ellie Maghami, Ranee M
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Proton pencil beam scanning radiotherapy in the postoperative treatment of p16 positive squamous cell tonsillar cancer – evaluation of toxicity and effectivity
Jiří Kubeš, Sarah Al-Hamami, Silvia Sláviková, Pavel Vítek, Alexandra Haas, Kateřina Dědečková, Barbora Ondrová, Michal Andrlik, Matěj Navrátil, Eliška Rotnáglová, Vladimír Vondráček
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.2024; 281(10): 5447. CrossRef
Unilateral radiotherapy for tonsillar cancer with multiple ipsilateral neck lymph nodes
Tae Hyun Kim, Hong-Gyun Wu, Soon-Hyun Ahn, Woo-Jin Jeong, Wonjae Cha, Keun-Yong Eom
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Impact of Postoperative Neck Radiotherapy Volumes on Long‐Term Unstimulated Saliva Flow Following Primary Surgery and Ipsilateral Neck Dissection for Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Claire M. Rooney, Shao Hui Huang, Jie Su, Scott Bratman, John Cho, John de Almeida, Michael Glogauer, David Goldstein, Ezra Hahn, Ali Hosni, Andrew Hope, Jonathan Irish, John Kim, Brian O'Sullivan, Jolie Ringash, Anna Spreafico, Jillian Tsai, John Waldron
Head & Neck.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Association of Unilateral Radiotherapy With Contralateral Lymph Node Failure Among Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tonsil
Niema B. Razavian, Ralph B. D’Agostino, Cole R. Steber, Corbin A. Helis, Ryan T. Hughes
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Low contralateral neck recurrence risk with ipsilateral neck radiotherapy in N2b tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma
Divya Natesan, Christina K. Cramer, Taofik Oyekunle, Donna Niedzwiecki, David M. Brizel, Yvonne M. Mowery
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Characterizing Lymph Node Burden With Elective Unilateral Neck Irradiation in Human Papillomavirus-Positive Tonsil Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Defining the Upper Limits
Jared H Hara, Stanley I Gutiontov, Sophia Uddin, Ari J Rosenberg, Alexander T Pearson, Zhen Gooi, Elizabeth A Blair, Nishant Agrawal, Everett E Vokes, Daniel T Ginat, Daniel J Haraf, Aditya Juloori
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Ilyes Berania, Ali Hosni, Carissa M. Thomas, David Goldstein, Andrew Bayley, Ravi Mohan, Aaron Hendler, Richard M. Cooper, John R. de Almeida
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Robert J. Amdur, Paul M. Harari, Peter T. Dziegielewski, William M. Mendenhall
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Sandra Nuyts, Heleen Bollen, Avrahram Eisbruch, June Corry, Primoz Strojan, Antti A. Mäkitie, Johannes A. Langendijk, William M. Mendenhall, Robert Smee, Remco DeBree, Anne W. M. Lee, Alessandra Rinaldo, Alfio Ferlito
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Phuong Nam Tran
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Chia-Hsin Lin, Chien-Yu Lin, Kang-Hsing Fan, Sheng-Ping Hung, Yung-Chih Chou, Chia-Jen Liu, Wen-Chi Chou, Yen-Chao Chen, Shiang-Fu Huang, Chung-Jan Kang, Kai-Ping Chang, Hung-Ming Wang, Ann-Joy Cheng, Joseph Tung-Chieh Chang
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Is there a patient population with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region who might benefit from de-intensification of postoperative radiotherapy?
Yonca Onbasi, Sebastian Lettmaier, Markus Hecht, Sabine Semrau, Heinrich Iro, Marco Kesting, Rainer Fietkau, Marlen Haderlein
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Risk of post-operative, pre-radiotherapy contralateral neck recurrence in patients treated with surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy for human papilloma virus-associated tonsil cancer
Jared Gershowitz, Hann-Hsiang Chao, Abigail Doucette, John N Lukens, Samuel Swisher-McClure, Gregory S Weinstein, Bert W O’Malley Jr, Ara A Chalian, Christopher H Rassekh, Jason G Newman, Roger B Cohen, Joshua M Bauml, Charu Aggarwal, Alexander Lin
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Role of Adjuvant Thoracic Radiation Therapy and Full Dose Chemotherapy in pN2 Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Elucidation Based on Single Institute Experience: Hyojung Park, Dongryul Oh, Yong Chan Ahn, Hongryull Pyo, Jae Myung Noh, Jong-Mu Sun, Jin Seok Ahn, Myung-Ju Ahn, Keunchil Park, Hong Kwan Kim, Yong Soo Choi, Jhingook Kim, Jae Ill Zo, Young Mog Shim; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(4):880-889. Published online December 12, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.442

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The optimal adjuvant therapy modality for treating pN2 non-small cell lung cancer patients has not yet been established. In this study, the authors investigated clinical outcomes following three different adjuvant therapy modalities.
Materials and Methods
From January 2006 to December 2012, 240 patients with cN0/1 disease were found to have pN2 disease following curative resection and received one of three adjuvant therapy modalities:thoracic radiation therapy (TRT) and concurrent chemotherapy (CTx) (CCRT) (group I), CCRT plus consolidation CTx (group II), and CTx alone (group III). TRT was delivered to 155 patients (groups I/II), and full dose CTxwas delivered to 172 patients either as a consolidative or a sole modality (group II/III).
Results
During 30 months of median follow-up, 44 patients died and 141 developed recurrence. The 5-year overall survival (OS), locoregional control (LRC), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and disease-free survival (DFS) rates of all patients were 76.2%, 80.7%, 36.4%, and 29.6%, respectively. There was no difference in OS among groups. TRT (groups I/II) significantly improved LRC, full dose CTx (groups II/III) did DMFS, and CCRT plus consolidation CTx (group II) did DFS, respectively.
Conclusion
The current study could support that TRT could improve LRC and full dose CTx could improve DMFS and that CCRT plus consolidation CTx could improve DFS.

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The effect of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy on survival after R0 resection for stage III-N2 nonsmall cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis
Dailong Li, Wanqiang Li, Yaqi Pang, Lu Xu, Xinhua Xu
Medicine.2022; 101(28): e29580. CrossRef
The efficacy of postoperative radiotherapy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Zexu Wang, Baixia Yang, Ping Zhan, Li Wang, Bing Wan
Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics.2022; 18(7): 1910. CrossRef

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Survey of the Patterns of Using Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for Early-Stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in Korea: Sanghyuk Song, Ji Hyun Chang, Hak Jae Kim, Yeon Sil Kim, Jin Hee Kim, Yong Chan Ahn, Jae-Sung Kim, Si Yeol Song, Sung Ho Moon, Moon June Cho, Seon Min Youn; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(3):688-694. Published online October 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.219

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) is an effective emerging technique for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We investigated the current practice of SABR for early-stage NSCLC in Korea.
Materials and Methods
We conducted a nationwide survey of SABR for NSCLC by sending e-mails to all board-certified members of the Korean Society for Radiation Oncology. The survey included 23 questions focusing on the technical aspects of SABR and 18 questions seeking the participants’ opinions on specific clinical scenarios in the use of SABR for early-stage NSCLC. Overall, 79 radiation oncologists at 61/85 specialist hospitals in Korea (71.8%) responded to the survey.
Results
SABR was used at 33 institutions (54%) to treat NSCLC. Regarding technical aspects, the most common planning methods were the rotational intensity-modulated technique (59%) and the static intensity-modulated technique (49%). Respiratory motion was managed by gating (54%) or abdominal compression (51%), and 86% of the planning scans were obtained using 4-dimensional computed tomography. In the clinical scenarios, the most commonly chosen fractionation schedule for peripherally located T1 NSCLC was 60 Gy in four fractions. For centrally located tumors and T2 NSCLC, the oncologists tended to avoid SABR for radiotherapy, and extended the fractionation schedule.
Conclusion
The results of our survey indicated that SABR is increasingly being used to treat NSCLC in Korea. However, there were wide variations in the technical protocols and fractionation schedules of SABR for early-stage NSCLC among institutions. Standardization of SABR is necessary before implementing nationwide, multicenter, randomized studies.

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Open Life Sciences.2020; 15(1): 389. CrossRef

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