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Original Articles
Gastrointestinal cancer
Salvage Radiotherapy for Loco-regional Recurrence of Esophageal Cancer Following Surgery
Won Kyung Cho, Jae Myoung Noh, Dongryul Oh, Yong Chan Ahn, Jong-Mu Sun, Hong Kwan Kim, Young Mog Shim
Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(1):165-173.   Published online July 26, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.191
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
There is few evidence regarding the optimal salvage treatment options for loco-reginal recurrence of esophageal cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of salvage radiotherapy (RT) in patients with loco-regional recurrence (LRR) after surgery for esophageal cancer.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 147 esophageal cancer patients who received salvage RT for loco-regional recurrence between 1996 and December 2019. A total dose of 60 Gy in 20 fractions was used for RT alone and 60-70 Gy in 30-35 fractions for concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).
Results
The patients’ median age was 65 years (range, 41 to 86 years). The median disease-free interval was 13.5 months (1.0 to 97.4 months). After a median 18.8 months follow-up, the 2-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 38.1% and 25.9%, respectively. The median OS and PFS were 18.8 and 8.4 months, respectively. The CCRT could not improve OS compared to RT (p=0.336), but there was a trend of better PFS in the CCRT group. Regarding toxicities, the rate of grade 3 or higher toxicity was 10.9% occurring in 16 patients, and it was higher in patients who received CCRT than in the RT alone group (19.6% vs. 6.3%, p=0.023).
Conclusion
Salvage RT alone as well as CCRT could be effective in patients with locoregionally recurrent esophageal cancer.

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  • Salvage Chemoradiotherapy for Loco-Regional Recurrence of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma After Esophagectomy
    Atsuto Katano, Tomoki Kiritoshi, Subaru Sawayanagi, Hideomi Yamashita
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(5): 1540.     CrossRef
  • 1,174 View
  • 84 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
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The Clinical Efficacy of Colorectal Cancer Patients with Pulmonary Oligometastases by Sterotactic Body Ablative Radiotherapy: A Meta-Analysis
Jae-Uk Jeong, Chai Hong Rim, Gyu Sang Yoo, Won Kyung Cho, Eui Kyu Chie, Yong Chan Ahn, Jong Hoon Lee, on behalf of Korean Oligometastasis Working Group, Korean Cancer Association
Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(3):809-824.   Published online December 14, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.920
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
There is increasing interest in the efficacy of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for treating colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with oligometastases (OM), recently. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate local control (LC), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) of CRC patients with pulmonary OM treated with SABR and toxicities.
Materials and Methods
Studies that reported SABR for CRC patients with pulmonary OM were searched from MEDLINE and Embase. Treatment outcomes including LC, PFS, OS, and toxicities of grade 3 or higher were assessed.
Results
A total of 19 studies with 1,668 patients were chosen for this meta-analysis. Pooled 1-, 2-, and 3-year LC rates were 83.1%, 69.3%, and 63.9%, respectively. PFS rates were 44.8%, 26.5%, and 21.5% at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. OS rates at 1-, 2-, and 3-year were 87.5%, 69.9%, and 60.5%, respectively. The toxicity rate of grade 3 or higher was 3.6%. The effect of dose escalation was meta-analyzed using available studies.
Conclusion
Application of SABR to CRC patients with pulmonary OM achieved modest local control with acceptable toxicity according to the present meta-analysis. Further studies establishing the clinical efficacy of SABR are guaranteed.

Citations

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  • Identifying Trends in Oncology Research through a Bibliographic Analysis of Cancer Research and Treatment
    Choong-kun Lee, Jeong Min Choo, Yong Chan Ahn, Jin Kim, Sun Young Rha, Chai Hong Rim
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2025; 57(1): 11.     CrossRef
  • 3,536 View
  • 159 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
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General
Radiation Oncologists’ Perspectives on Oligometastatic Disease: A Korean Survey Study
Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Jong Hoon Lee, Young Seok Kim, Yang-Gun Suh, Kyung Hwan Kim, Ah Ram Chang, Eui Kyu Chie, Yong Chan Ahn, on behalf of the Oligometastasis Working Group, Korean Cancer Association
Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(2):414-421.   Published online November 22, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.876
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
Perspectives of radiation oncologists on oligometastatic disease was investigated using multi-layered survey.
Materials and Methods
Online survey on the oligometastatic disease was distributed to the board-certified regular members of the Korean Society for Radiation Oncology. The questionnaire consisted of four domains: five questions on demographics; five on the definition of oligometastatic disease; four on the role of local therapy; and three on the oligometastatic disease classification, respectively.
Results
A total of 135 radiation oncologists participated in the survey. The median length of practice after board certification was 22.5 years (range, 1 to 44 years), and the vast majority (94.1%) answered affirmatively to the clinical experience in oligometastatic disease management. Nearly two-thirds of the respondents considered the number of involved organs as an independent factor in defining oligometastasis. Most frequently perceived upper limit on the numerical definition of oligometastasis was 5 (64.2%), followed by 3 (26.0%), respectively. Peritoneal and brain metastasis were nominated as the sites to be excluded from oligometastastic disease by 56.3% and 12.6% of the participants, respectively. Vast majority (82.1%) agreed on the role of local treatment in the management of oligometastatic disease. Majority (72%) of the participants acknowledged the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO)–European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) classification of oligometastatic disease, however, only 43.3% answered that they applied this classification in their clinical practice. Underlying reasons against the clinical use were ‘too complicated’ (66.0%), followed by ‘insufficient supporting evidence’ (30.0%), respectively.
Conclusion
While most radiation oncologists supported the role of local therapy in oligometastatic disease, there were several inconsistencies in defining and categorizing oligometastatic disease. Continued education and training on oligometastatic disease would be also required to build consensus among participating caregivers.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Efficacy Analysis of Hypofractionated Radiotherapy for Oligometastatic Tumors: A Retrospective Study
    Qian Sun, Hanqing Zhao, Xianwen Zhang, Suli Zhang, Zelai He, Gengming Wang, Hao Jiang, Aili Xuan, Xianming Li
    Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A new proposal of simplified classification of non-small cell lung cancer oligometastases for easy applicability through systematic literature analysis and meta-analysis validation
    Hanseung Kang, Woohyeon Do, Yong Chan Ahn, Eui Kyu Chie, Chai Hong Rim
    European Journal of Cancer.2024; 212: 115043.     CrossRef
  • 3,106 View
  • 150 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
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Breast cancer
Implication of Pre- and Post-radiotherapy ctDNA Dynamics in Patients with Residual Triple-Negative Breast Cancer at Surgery after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Findings from a Prospective Observational Study
Tae Hoon Lee, Haeyoung Kim, Yeon Jeong Kim, Woong-Yang Park, Won Park, Won Kyung Cho, Nalee Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(2):531-537.   Published online November 10, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.996
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study aims to determine the association between pre- and postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) dynamics and oncological outcomes in patients with residual triple-negative breast cancer who underwent surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).
Materials and Methods
Between March 2019 and July 2020, 11 nonmetastatic patients with residual disease who underwent surgery after NAC were prospectively enrolled. In each patient, tumor specimens obtained during surgery and blood samples collected at three time points during PORT (T0: pre-PORT, T1: 3 weeks after PORT, T2: 1 month after PORT) were sequenced, targeting 38 cancer-related genes. Disease-free survival (DFS) was evaluated and the association between DFS and ctDNA dynamics was analyzed.
Results
At T0, ctDNA was detected in three (27.2%) patients. The ctDNA dynamics were as follows: two showed a decreasing ctDNA variant allele frequency (VAF) and reached zero VAF at T2, while one patient exhibited an increasing VAF during PORT and maintained an elevated VAF at T2. After a median follow-up of 48 months, two patients experienced distant metastasis without any locoregional failures. All failures occurred in patients with ctDNA positivity at T0 and a decreased VAF after PORT. The 4-year DFS rates according to the T0 ctDNA status were 67% (positive ctDNA) and 100% (negative ctDNA) (p=0.032).
Conclusion
More than a quarter of the patients with residual disease after post-NAC surgery exhibited pre-PORT ctDNA positivity, and ctDNA positivity was associated with poor DFS. For patients with pre-PORT ctDNA positivity, the administration of a more effective systemic treatment should be considered.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Role of circulating tumor DNA in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Diana Zhang, Shayesteh Jahanfar, Judy B. Rabinowitz, Joshua Dower, Fei Song, Cherng-Horng Wu, Xiao Hu, Phillip Tracy, Mark Basik, Arielle Medford, Po-Han Lin, Chiun-Sheng Huang, Francois-Clement Bidard, Shufang Renault, Lori Pai, Mary Buss, Heather A. Par
    Breast Cancer Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Multiple drugs

    Reactions Weekly.2024; 2033(1): 183.     CrossRef
  • 4,021 View
  • 163 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
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Editorial
Barriers in Oligometastasis Care in Korea: Radiation Oncologists’ Perspectives
Eui Kyu Chie, Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Yong Chan Ahn
Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(4):1063-1064.   Published online June 27, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.780
PDFPubReaderePub

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Oligometastasis: Expansion of Curative Treatments in the Field of Oncology
    Ah Reum Lim, Chai Hong Rim
    Medicina.2023; 59(11): 1934.     CrossRef
  • 2,719 View
  • 203 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
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Original Article
Gastrointestinal cancer
Differential Perspectives by Specialty on Oligometastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Korean Oligometastasis Working Group’s Comparative Survey Study
Won Kyung Cho, Gyu Sang Yoo, Chai Hong Rim, Jae-Uk Jeong, Eui Kyu Chie, Yong Chan Ahn, Hyeon-Min Cho, Jun Won Um, Yang-Gun Suh, Ah Ram Chang, Jong Hoon Lee, On behalf of the Oligometastasis Working Group, Korean Cancer Association
Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(4):1281-1290.   Published online June 7, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.479
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Despite numerous studies on the optimal treatments for oligometastatic disease (OMD), there is no established interdisciplinary consensus on its diagnosis or classification. This survey-based study aimed to analyze the differential opinions of colorectal surgeons and radiation oncologists regarding the definition and treatment of OMD from the colorectal primary.
Materials and Methods
A total of 141 participants were included in this study, consisting of 63 radiation oncologists (44.7%) and 78 colorectal surgeons (55.3%). The survey consisted of 19 questions related to OMD, and the responses were analyzed using the chi-square test to determine statistical differences between the specialties.
Results
The radiation oncologists chose “bone” more frequently compared to the colorectal surgeons (19.2% vs. 36.5%, p=0.022), while colorectal surgeons favored “peritoneal seeding” (26.9% vs. 9.5%, p=0.009). Regarding the number of metastatic tumors, 48.3% of colorectal surgeons responded that “irrelevant, if all metastatic lesions are amendable to local therapy”, while only 21.8% of radiation oncologist chose same answer. When asked about molecular diagnosis, most surgeons (74.8%) said it was important, but only 35.8% of radiation oncologists agreed.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates that although radiation oncologists and colorectal surgeons agreed on a majority of aspects such as diagnostic imaging, biomarker, systemic therapy, and optimal timing of OMD, they also had quite different perspectives on several aspects of OMD. Understanding these differences is crucial to achieving multidisciplinary consensus on the definition and optimal management of OMD.

Citations

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  • Barriers in Oligometastasis Care in Korea: Radiation Oncologists’ Perspectives
    Eui Kyu Chie, Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Yong Chan Ahn
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(4): 1063.     CrossRef
  • 3,075 View
  • 179 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
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Review Article
Metastasis-Directed Local Therapy of Hepatic Oligometastasis from Colorectal Cancer and Future Perspective in Radiation Therapy
Gyu Sang Yoo, Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Jae-Uk Jeong, Eui Kyu Chie, Hyeon-Min Cho, Jun Won Um, Yong Chan Ahn, Jong Hoon Lee, on behalf of Korean Cancer Association Oligometastasis Working Group
Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(3):707-719.   Published online March 15, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1599
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Introduction of the concept for oligometastasis led to wide application of metastasis-directed local ablative therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). By application of the metastasis-directed local ablative therapies including surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR), the survival outcomes of patients with metastatic CRC have improved. The liver is the most common distant metastatic site in CRC patients, and recently various metastasis-directed local therapies for hepatic oligometastasis from CRC (HOCRC) are widely used. Surgical resection is the first line of metastatic-directed local therapy for HOCRC, but its eligibility is very limited. Alternatively, RFA can be applied to patients who are ineligible for surgical resection of liver metastasis. However, there are some limitations such as inferior local control (LC) compared with surgical resection and technical feasibility based on location, size, and visibility on ultrasonography of the liver metastasis. Recent advances in radiation therapy technology have led to an increase in the use of SABR for liver tumors. SABR is considered complementary to RFA for patients with HOCRC who are ineligible for RFA. Furthermore, SABR can potentially result in better LC for liver metastases > 2-3 cm compared with RFA. In this article, the previous studies regarding curative metastasis-directed local therapies for HOCRC based on the radiation oncologist’s and surgeon’s perspective are reviewed and discussed. In addition, future perspectives regarding SABR in the treatment of HOCRC are suggested.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Identifying Trends in Oncology Research through a Bibliographic Analysis of Cancer Research and Treatment
    Choong-kun Lee, Jeong Min Choo, Yong Chan Ahn, Jin Kim, Sun Young Rha, Chai Hong Rim
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2025; 57(1): 11.     CrossRef
  • Evidence-based clinical recommendations for hypofractionated radiotherapy: exploring efficacy and safety - Part 4: Liver and locally recurrent rectal cancer
    Hwa Kyung Byun, Gyu Sang Yoo, Soo-Yoon Sung, Jin-Ho Song, Byoung Hyuck Kim, Yoo-Kang Kwak, Yeon Joo Kim, Yeon-Sil Kim, Kyung Su Kim
    Radiation Oncology Journal.2024; 42(4): 247.     CrossRef
  • 5,433 View
  • 293 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
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Original Articles
General
Role of Local Treatment for Oligometastasis: A Comparability-Based Meta-Analysis
Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Jong Hoon Lee, Young Seok Kim, Yang-Gun Suh, Kyung Hwan Kim, Eui Kyu Chie, Yong Chan Ahn, The Oligometastasis Working Group, Korea Cancer Association
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(4):953-969.   Published online August 16, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.329
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
We intend to investigate the oncological efficacy and feasibility of local consolidative therapy (LCT) through a meta-analysis method.
Materials and Methods
Four databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane library were searched. Target studies are controlled trials comparing outcomes of LCT versus a control group. Primary endpoints are overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).
Results
A total of 54 studies involving 7,242 patients were included. Pooled analyses showed that the LCT arm could achieve improved OS with pooled odds ratio of 2.896 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.377 to 3.528; p < 0.001). Regarding PFS, pooled analyses showed pooled odds ratio of 3.045 (95% CI, 2.356 to 3.937; p < 0.001) in favor of the LCT arm. In the subgroup analyses including the studies with reliable comparability (e.g. randomized studies or intentionally matched studies without significant favorable prognosticator in LCT arms), pooled odds ratio was 2.548 (95% CI, 1.808 to 3.591; p < 0.001) favoring the LCT arm regarding OS. Regarding PFS, pooled OR was 2.656 (95% CI, 1.713 to 4.120; p < 0.001) which also favored the LCT arm. Subgroup analyses limited to the randomized controlled trials (RCT) were also performed and pooled odds ratios on OS and PFS were 1.535 (95% CI, 1.082 to 2.177; p=0.016) and 1.668 (95% CI, 1.187 to 2.344; p=0.003). The rates of grade ≥ 3 complications related to LCT was mostly low (< 10%) and not significantly higher compared to the control arm.
Conclusion
Pooled analyses results of all included studies, selected studies with reliable comparability, and RCT’s demonstrated the survival benefit of LCT. These consistent results suggest that LCT was beneficial to the patients with oligometastasis.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Identifying Trends in Oncology Research through a Bibliographic Analysis of Cancer Research and Treatment
    Choong-kun Lee, Jeong Min Choo, Yong Chan Ahn, Jin Kim, Sun Young Rha, Chai Hong Rim
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2025; 57(1): 11.     CrossRef
  • The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Clinical Practice Guideline on Surgical Management of Oligometastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
    Mara B. Antonoff, Kyle G. Mitchell, Samuel S. Kim, Hai V. Salfity, Svetlana Kotova, Robert Taylor Ripley, Alfonso L. Neri, Pallavi Sood, Saumil G. Gandhi, Yasir Y. Elamin, Jessica S. Donington, David R. Jones, Elizabeth A. David, Stephen G. Swisher, Isabe
    The Annals of Thoracic Surgery.2025; 119(3): 495.     CrossRef
  • Maintaining First-Line Therapy Plus Radiation Therapy May Prolong Progression-Free Survival and Delay Second-Line Therapy for Oligoprogressive Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Boyu Leng, Haohua Wang, Yunfan Ge, Xiaoli Sun, Pingping Dong, Xinzhe Dong, Xuezhang Duan, Quan Wang, Yaoxiong Xia, Lijuan Ding, Honghai Dai, Tianxing Liu, Fang Shi, Xiang Zhang, Jinbo Yue
    International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The patterns of systemic metastasis in major salivary gland cancer and therapeutic implications
    Subi Oh, Younghac Kim, Hyojun Kim, Eunhye Kim, Sook-young Woo, Nayeon Choi, Junhun Cho, Dongryul Oh, Yong-Chan Ahn, Sehhoon Park, Myung-Ju Ahn, Han-Sin Jeong
    Oral Oncology.2025; 164: 107258.     CrossRef
  • Aggressive Local Ablative Radiotherapy Mitigates Progression Risk in Oligometastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma
    Gowoon Yang, Kyung Hwan Kim, Chang Geol Lee, Min Hee Hong, Hye Ryun Kim, Yeona Cho, Hong In Yoon
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 56(1): 115.     CrossRef
  • MR-guided stereotactic radiotherapy of infra-diaphragmatic oligometastases: Evaluation of toxicity and dosimetric parameters
    Mette van Overeem Felter, Pia Krause Møller, Mirjana Josipovic, Susanne Nørring Bekke, Uffe Bernchou, Eva Serup-Hansen, Kasper Madsen, Parag J. Parikh, Joshua Kim, Poul Geertsen, Claus P. Behrens, Ivan R. Vogelius, Mette Pøhl, Tine Schytte, Gitte Fredberg
    Radiotherapy and Oncology.2024; 192: 110090.     CrossRef
  • Clinical implication of neck dissection for metastatic lymph nodes originating from non-head and neck regions
    Min Ji Kim, So Hee Kang, MinSu Kwon, Young Ho Jung, Seung-Ho Choi, Soon Yuhl Nam, Yoon Se Lee
    Acta Oto-Laryngologica.2024; 144(2): 153.     CrossRef
  • Surgery for Oligometastatic Pancreatic Cancer: Defining Biologic Resectability
    Shruti Koti, Lyudmyla Demyan, Gary Deutsch, Matthew Weiss
    Annals of Surgical Oncology.2024; 31(6): 4031.     CrossRef
  • Radiation Oncologists’ Perspectives on Oligometastatic Disease: A Korean Survey Study
    Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Jong Hoon Lee, Young Seok Kim, Yang-Gun Suh, Kyung Hwan Kim, Ah Ram Chang, Eui Kyu Chie, Yong Chan Ahn
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 56(2): 414.     CrossRef
  • Radiation Oncologists’ Perspectives on Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer: A Survey from Korean Oligometastasis Working Group
    Gyu Sang Yoo, Sunmin Park, Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Ah Ram Chang, Young Seok Kim, Yong Chan Ahn, Eui Kyu Chie
    Current Oncology.2024; 31(6): 3239.     CrossRef
  • Local Ablative Therapy Combined With Pembrolizumab in Patients With Synchronous Oligometastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Recursive Partitioning Analysis
    Hye In Lee, Eun Kyung Choi, Su Ssan Kim, Young Seob Shin, Junhee Park, Chang-Min Choi, Shinkyo Yoon, Hyeong Ryul Kim, Young Hyun Cho, Si Yeol Song
    International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2024; 120(3): 698.     CrossRef
  • Retrospective Analysis of Efficacy and Toxicity of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy and Surgical Resection of Adrenal Metastases from Solid Tumors
    Jamie Lütscher, Hans Gelpke, Adrian Zehnder, Laetitia Mauti, Christian Padevit, Hubert John, Nidar Batifi, Daniel Rudolf Zwahlen, Robert Förster, Christina Schröder
    Cancers.2024; 16(15): 2655.     CrossRef
  • A new proposal of simplified classification of non-small cell lung cancer oligometastases for easy applicability through systematic literature analysis and meta-analysis validation
    Hanseung Kang, Woohyeon Do, Yong Chan Ahn, Eui Kyu Chie, Chai Hong Rim
    European Journal of Cancer.2024; 212: 115043.     CrossRef
  • Oligometastasis: More Lessons to Be Learned
    Kyung Hwan Kim, Yong Chan Ahn
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Top Ten Lessons Learned from Trials in Oligometastatic Cancers
    Vivian S. Tan, David A. Palma
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(1): 5.     CrossRef
  • Genomic Characteristics and the Potential Clinical Implications in Oligometastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
    Rongxin Liao, Kehong Chen, Jinjin Li, Hengqiu He, Guangming Yi, Mingfeng Huang, Rongrong Chen, Lu Shen, Xiaoyue Zhang, Zaicheng Xu, Zhenzhou Yang, Yuan Peng
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(3): 814.     CrossRef
  • Metastasis-Directed Local Therapy of Hepatic Oligometastasis from Colorectal Cancer and Future Perspective in Radiation Therapy
    Gyu Sang Yoo, Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Jae-Uk Jeong, Eui Kyu Chie, Hyeon-Min Cho, Jun Won Um, Yong Chan Ahn, Jong Hoon Lee
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(3): 707.     CrossRef
  • Barriers in Oligometastasis Care in Korea: Radiation Oncologists’ Perspectives
    Eui Kyu Chie, Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Yong Chan Ahn
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(4): 1063.     CrossRef
  • Impact of high dose radiotherapy for breast tumor in locoregionally uncontrolled stage IV breast cancer: a need for a risk-stratified approach
    Nalee Kim, Haeyoung Kim, Won Park, Won Kyung Cho, Tae Gyu Kim, Young-Hyuck Im, Jin Seok Ahn, Yeon Hee Park, Ji-Yeon Kim
    Radiation Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Oligometastasis: Expansion of Curative Treatments in the Field of Oncology
    Ah Reum Lim, Chai Hong Rim
    Medicina.2023; 59(11): 1934.     CrossRef
  • Treating Oligometastses, Prelude or Just Hassles of Systemic Treatment
    Dae Ho Lee
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2022; 54(4): 951.     CrossRef
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Gynecologic cancer
Effect of Waiting Time from Pathological Diagnosis to Definitive Concurrent Chemoradiation for Cervical Cancer on Overall Survival
Kyoung Won Noh, Bomi Kim, Chel Hun Choi, Tae-Joong Kim, Jeong-Won Lee, Byoung-Gie Kim, Duk-Soo Bae, Won Kyung Cho, Won Park, Yoo-Young Lee
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(1):245-252.   Published online April 15, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.023
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of waiting time, from diagnosis to initiation of definitive concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT), on overall survival in cervical cancer patients.
Materials and Methods
Patients with cervical cancer who were treated with definitive CCRT between 2000 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Time from initial pathological diagnosis to definitive CCRT was analyzed both as a continuous variable (per day) and as a categorical variable in two groups (group 1 ≤ median, group 2 > median). Patients with a waiting time of more than 60 days were excluded.
Results
The median waiting time was 14 days (0-60). There were differences between group 1 and group 2 in age and chemotherapy regimens. However, no significant difference was found in the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, cell type, or the number of cycles of chemotherapy received during CCRT. A longer waiting time was associated with poorer overall survival on the Kaplan-Meier curve (group 1 vs. group 2, p=0.042). On multivariate analysis, intervals as either a continuous variable (hazard ratio [HR], 1.023; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.006 to 1.040; p=0.007) or a categorical variable (HR, 1.513; 95% CI, 1.073 to 2.134; p=0.018), FIGO stage, cell type, and the number of cycles of chemotherapy received during CCRT were significant independent prognostic factors for overall survival.
Conclusion
A shorter waiting time from pathological diagnosis to definitive CCRT showed benefit on overall survival. Our findings suggest that an effort to minimize waiting times should be recommended in cervical cancer patients who are candidates for CCRT.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effect of waiting time for radiotherapy after last induction chemotherapy on prognosis of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
    Kui‐Xuan Zhu, Ting Ding, Yi‐Min E, Hong‐Wei Yang, Rui‐Ping Wu, Run‐Jia Liu, Ling‐Li Zhou, Wen‐Jie Fu, Mei‐Ping Jiang, Xiao‐Li Wang
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  • An Innovative Thermal Imaging Prototype for Precise Breast Cancer Detection: Integrating Compression Techniques and Classification Methods
    Khaled S. Ahmed, Fayroz F. Sherif, Mohamed S. Abdallah, Young-Im Cho, Shereen M. ElMetwally
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    Amy P. Hack, Ronald P. Zweemer, Trudy N. Jonges, Femke van der Leij, Cornelis G. Gerestein, Max Peters, Ina M. Jürgenliemk-Schulz, Peter S.N. van Rossum
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  • The Role of Conization before Radical Hysterectomy in Cervical Cancer including High Risk Factors of Recurrence: Propensity Score Matching
    Chi-Son Chang, Ji Song Min, Ki Hyeon Song, Chel Hun Choi, Tae-Joong Kim, Jeong-Won Lee, Byoung-Gie Kim, Yoo-Young Lee
    Cancers.2022; 14(16): 3863.     CrossRef
  • Survival outcomes following treatment delays among patients with early-stage female cancers: a nationwide study
    Yu Min, Zheran Liu, Rendong Huang, Ruidan Li, Jing Jin, Zhigong Wei, Ling He, Yiyan Pei, Ning Li, Yongllin Su, Xiaolin Hu, Xingchen Peng
    Journal of Translational Medicine.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Gynecologic Cancer
Early Metabolic Response Assessed Using 18F-FDG-PET/CT for Image-Guided Intracavitary Brachytherapy Can Better Predict Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Cervical Cancer
Nalee Kim, Won Park, Won Kyung Cho, Duk-Soo Bae, Byoung-Gie Kim, Jeong-Won Lee, Tae-Joong Kim, Chel Hun Choi, Yoo-Young Lee, Young Seok Cho
Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(3):803-812.   Published online December 9, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.1251
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study aimed to identify the prognostic value of early metabolic response assessed using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) during radiation therapy (RT) for cervical cancer.
Materials and Methods
We identified 116 patients treated with definitive RT, including FDG-PET/CT–guided intracavitary brachytherapy, between 2009 and 2018. We calculated parameters including maximum (SUVmax) and mean standardized uptake values (SUVmean), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) for baseline FDG-PET/CT (PETbase) and image-guided brachytherapy planning FDG-PET/CT (PETIGBT). Multivariable analyses of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were performed.
Results
We observed a time-dependent decrease in PET parameters between PETbase and PETIGBT; ΔSUVmax, ΔSUVmean, ΔMTV, and ΔTLG were 65%, 61%, 78%, and 93%, respectively. With a median follow-up of 59.5 months, the 5-year DFS and OS rates were 66% and 79%, respectively. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that ΔSUVmax ≥ 50% was associated with favorable DFS (hazard ratio [HR], 2.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14 to 5.77) and OS (HR, 5.14; 95% CI, 1.55 to 17.01). Patients with ΔSUVmax ≥ 50% (n=87) showed better DFS and OS than those with ΔSUVmax < 50% (n=29) (DFS, 76% vs. 35%, p < 0.001; OS, 90% vs. 41%, p < 0.001, respectively). Adenocarcinoma was frequently observed in ΔSUVmax < 50% compared to ΔSUVmax ≥ 50% (27.6% vs. 10.3%, p=0.003). In addition, models incorporating metabolic parameters showed improved accuracy for predicting DFS (p=0.012) and OS (p=0.004) than models with clinicopathologic factors.
Conclusion
Changes in metabolic parameters, especially those in SUVmax by > 50%, can help improve survival outcome predictions for patients with cervical cancer treated with definitive RT.

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  • Personalized strategies for brachytherapy of cervix cancer
    Guillaume Camprodon, Alexandra Gabro, Zineb El Ayachi, Supriya Chopra, Remi Nout, Philippe Maingon, Cyrus Chargari
    Cancer/Radiothérapie.2024; 28(6-7): 610.     CrossRef
  • Brachytherapy for cervical cancer: from intracavitary to interstitial technique
    Xiaojing Yang, Hanru Ren, Zhen Li, Jie Fu
    Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Application of three-dimensional multi-imaging combination in brachytherapy of cervical cancer
    Zhaoming Zhang, Ning Zhang, Guanghui Cheng
    La radiologia medica.2023; 128(5): 588.     CrossRef
  • MRI- and PET-Based Assessment of Radiological and Clinical Factors Associated With Cervical Cancer Response to External Beam Radiation Therapy
    Arun G Paul, Steven Miller, Lance K Heilbrun, Daryn W Smith
    Cureus.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Carcinoembryonic Antigen Improves the Performance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Prediction of Pathologic Response after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation for Patients with Rectal Cancer
Gyu Sang Yoo, Hee Chul Park, Jeong Il Yu, Doo Ho Choi, Won Kyung Cho, Young Suk Park, Joon Oh Park, Ho Yeong Lim, Won Ki Kang, Woo Yong Lee, Hee Cheol Kim, Seong Hyeon Yun, Yong Beom Cho, Yoon Ah Park, Kyoung Doo Song, Seok-Hyung Kim, Sang Yun Ha
Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(2):446-454.   Published online September 25, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.261
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in improving the performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the prediction of pathologic response after the neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NCRT) for patients with rectal cancer.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 524 rectal cancer patients who underwent NCRT and total mesorectal excision between January 2009 and December 2014. The performances of MRI with or without CEA parameters (initial CEA and CEA dynamics) for prediction of pathologic tumor response grade (pTRG) were compared by receiver-operating characteristic analysis with DeLong’s method. Cox regression was used to identify the independent factors associated to pTRG and disease-free survival (DFS) after NCRT.
Results
The median follow-up was 64.0 months (range, 3.0 to 113.0 months). On multivariate analysis, poor tumor regression grade on MRI (mrTRG; p < 0.001), initial CEA (p < 0.001) and the mesorectal fascia involvement on MRI before NCRT (mrMFI; p=0.054) showed association with poor pTRG. The mrTRG plus CEA parameters showed significantly improved performances in the prediction of pTRG than mrTRG alone. All of mrTRG, mrMFI, and initial CEA were also identified as independent factors associated with DFS. The initial CEA further discriminated DFS in the subgroups with good mrTRG or that without mrMFI.
Conclusion
The CEA parameters significantly improved the performance of MRI in the prediction of pTRG after NCRT for patients with rectal cancer. The DFS was further discriminated by initial CEA level in the groups with favorable MRI parameters.

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  • Clinical outcomes of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision in locally advanced rectal cancer with mesorectal fascia involvement
    Jeong Ha Lee, Nalee Kim, Jeong Il Yu, Gyu Sang Yoo, Hee Chul Park, Woo-Yong Lee, Seong Hyeon Yun, Hee Cheol Kim, Yong Beom Cho, Jung Wook Huh, Yoon Ah Park, Jung Kyong Shin, Joon Oh Park, Seung Tae Kim, Young Suk Park, Jeeyun Lee, Won Ki Kang
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    S. Qin, Y. Chen, K. Liu, Y. Li, Y. Zhou, W. Zhao, P. Xin, Q. Wang, S. Lu, H. Wang, N. Lang
    Cancer/Radiothérapie.2024; 28(4): 341.     CrossRef
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    Jianguo Yang, Qican Deng, Zhenzhou Chen, Yajun Chen, Zhongxue Fu
    Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Pretreatment blood biomarkers combined with magnetic resonance imaging predict responses to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer
    Xinyu Shi, Min Zhao, Bo Shi, Guoliang Chen, Huihui Yao, Junjie Chen, Daiwei Wan, Wen Gu, Songbing He
    Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Clinical implication and management of rectal cancer with clinically suspicious lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis: A radiation oncologist’s perspective
    Gyu Sang Yoo, Hee Chul Park, Jeong Il Yu
    Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Kirsten L Gormly
    Korean Journal of Radiology.2021; 22(9): 1475.     CrossRef
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    Seong Ho Park, Seung Hyun Cho, Sang Hyun Choi, Jong Keon Jang, Min Ju Kim, Seung Ho Kim, Joon Seok Lim, Sung Kyoung Moon, Ji Hoon Park, Nieun Seo
    Korean Journal of Radiology.2020; 21(7): 812.     CrossRef
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Clinical Outcomes of Postoperative Radiotherapy Following Radical Prostatectomy in Patients with Localized Prostate Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Study (KROG 18-01) of a Korean Population
Sung Uk Lee, Kwan Ho Cho, Won Park, Won Kyung Cho, Jae-Sung Kim, Chan Woo Wee, Young Seok Kim, Jin Ho Kim, Taek-Keun Nam, Jaeho Cho, Song Mi Jeong, Youngkyong Kim, Su Jung Shim, Youngmin Choi, Jun-Sang Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(1):167-180.   Published online June 25, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.126
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer.
Materials and Methods
Localized prostate cancer patients who received PORT after radical prostatectomy between 2001 and 2012 were identified retrospectively in a multi-institutional database. In total, 1,117 patients in 19 institutions were included. Biochemical failure after PORT was defined as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ≥ nadir+2 after PORT or initiation of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for increasing PSA regardless of its value.
Results
Ten-year biochemical failure-free survival, clinical failure-free survival, distant metastasisfree survival, overall survival (OS), and cause-specific survival were 60.5%, 76.2%, 84.4%, 91.1%, and 96.6%, respectively, at a median of 84 months after PORT. Pre-PORT PSA ≤ 0.5 ng/ml and Gleason’s score ≤ 7 predicted favorable clinical outcomes, with 10-year OS rates of 92.5% and 94.1%, respectively. The 10-year OS rate was 82.7% for patients with a PSA > 1.0 ng/mL and 86.0% for patients with a Gleason score of 8-10. The addition of longterm ADT (≥ 12 months) to PORT improved OS, particularly in those with a Gleason score of 8-10 or ≥ T3b.
Conclusion
Clinical outcomes of PORT in a Korean prostate cancer population were very similar to those in Western countries. Lower Gleason score and serum PSA level at the time of PORT were significantly associated with favorable outcomes. Addition of long-term ADT (≥ 12 months) to PORT should be considered, particularly in unfavorable risk patients with Gleason scores of 8-10 or ≥ T3b.

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  • Optimal Definition of Biochemical Recurrence in Patients Who Receive Salvage Radiotherapy Following Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer
    Sung Uk Lee, Jae-Sung Kim, Young Seok Kim, Jaeho Cho, Seo Hee Choi, Taek-Keun Nam, Song Mi Jeong, Youngkyong Kim, Youngmin Choi, Dong Eun Lee, Won Park, Kwan Ho Cho
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2022; 54(4): 1191.     CrossRef
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    Satish Chandra Mishra
    Journal of Medical Ethics.2021; 47(3): 152.     CrossRef
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    Sung Uk Lee, Kwan Ho Cho, Jin Ho Kim, Young Seok Kim, Taek-Keun Nam, Jae-Sung Kim, Jaeho Cho, Seo Hee Choi, Su Jung Shim, Jin Hee Kim, Ah Ram Chang
    Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Feasibility of Selective Neck Irradiation with Lower Elective Radiation Dose in Treating Nasopharynx Cancer Patients
Won Kyung Cho, Dongryul Oh, Eonju Lee, Tae Gyu Kim, Hyebin Lee, Heerim Nam, Jae Myoung Noh, Yong Chan Ahn
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(2):603-610.   Published online July 18, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.240
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study aimed to report the clinical outcomes following selective neck irradiation (SNI) with lower elective radiation therapy (RT) dose in treating nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) patients.
Materials and Methods
A total of 347 NPC patients received definitive RT according to our SNI policy and were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical target volumes (CTVs) were subdivided into CTV at high risk (CTV-HR) and CTV at low risk (CTV-LR). The typical doses to gross tumor volume (GTV), CTV-HR, and CTV-LR were 68.4-70.0 Gy, 54.0-60.0 Gy, and 36.0 Gy.
Results
With the median follow-up of 68.1 months (range, 2.3 to 197.1 months), the 5-year rates of loco-regional control and progression-free survival in all the patients were 85.0% and 70.8%, respectively. Thirty patients developed regional failure and the regional control rates at 3 and 5 years were 92.6% and 91.4%, respectively. The sites of regional failure in relation to the target volume were exclusively inside GTV/CTV-HR in 20, inside and outside GTV/CTVHR in three, and exclusively outside GTV/CTV-HR in seven, which were 5.7%, 0.9%, and 2.0% of total patients, respectively.
Conclusion
The clinical outcomes by the current SNI policy were feasible and comparable to those following classic elective nodal irradiation policy.

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Radiation Therapy Alone in cT1-3N0 Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Who Are Unfit for Surgical Resection or Stereotactic Radiation Therapy: Comparison of Risk-Adaptive Dose Schedules
Won Kyung Cho, Jae Myoung Noh, Yong Chan Ahn, Dongryul Oh, Hongryull Pyo
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(4):1187-1195.   Published online March 9, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.391
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
High dose definitive radiation therapy (RT) alone is recommended to patients with cT1-3N0 non-small cell lung cancer, who are unfit for surgery or stereotactic RT. This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness following RT alone using two different modest hypofractionation dose schemes. Materials and Methods Between 2001 and 2014, 124 patients underwent RT alone. From 2001 till 2010, 60 Gy in 20 fractions was delivered to 79 patients (group 1). Since 2011, 60 Gy in 20 fractions (group 2, 20 patients), and 60 Gy in 15 fractions (group 3, 25 patients) were selectively chosen depending on estimated risk of esophagitis.
Results
At follow-up of 16.7 months, 2-year rates of local control, progression-free survival, and overall survival were 62.6%, 39.1%, and 59.1%, respectively. Overall survival was significantly better in group 3 (p=0.002). In multivariate analyses, cT3 was the most powerful adverse factor affecting clinical outcomes. Incidence and severity of radiation pneumonitis were not different among groups, while no patients developed grade 2 esophagitis in group 3 (p=0.003). Under current Korean Health Insurance Policy, RT cost per person was 22.5% less in group 3 compared with others. Conclusion The current study demonstrated that 60 Gy in 15 fractions instead of 60 Gy in 20 fractions resulted in comparable clinical outcomes with excellent safety, direct cost saving, and improved convenience to the patients with tumors located at ≥ 1.5 cm from the esophagus.

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