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79 "Sun Young Rha"
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Original Articles
Identifying Anti-Cancer Effects and Exploring the Mechanism of an MPS1/TTK Inhibitor in Gastric Cancer
Eunseo Kim, Woo Sun Kwon, Tae Soo Kim, Jihyun Hwang, Sunghwan Kim, Sun Young Rha
Received August 14, 2024  Accepted December 10, 2024  Published online December 12, 2024  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.780    [Accepted]
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
To identify the anti-cancer effect and investigate the underlying mechanism of MPS1/TTK (Monopolar spindle 1; also known as threonine tyrosine kinase) inhibitor in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines.
Materials and Methods
This study used compound-9, a highly selective MPS1/TTK inhibitor, to evaluate its anticancer effects on GC cell lines. Cell viability assay was performed to determine sensitivity to the inhibitor. Cell cycle analysis and apoptosis assays were performed using Flow cytometry to evaluate the effects of the inhibitor. Protein-expression levels were analyzed through western blotting after the inhibitor treatment.
Results
The EBV and MSI-H groups tended to be sensitive to the inhibitor, while the GS-likely group tended to be moderate-to-resistant. In contrast, the CIN-likely group was extremely sensitive or resistant. Within the CIN group, TP53WT cell lines were sensitive, whereas TP53MUT cell lines were sensitive or resistant. Upon treatment of the inhibitor, the TP53WT-sensitive cell line underwent cell death more rapidly compared to the TP53MUT-sensitive cell line. In contrast, the TP53MUT-sensitive cell experienced higher levels of aneuploidy or polyploidy and underwent cell death at later time point than the TP53WT-sensitive cell line. The TP53MUT-resistant line can tolerate aneuploidy or polyploidy and exhibits drug resistance.
Conclusion
Our study explores the potential of an MPS1/TTK inhibitor, compound-9, as a targeted therapy in gastric cancer cells and investigates its mechanism of action.
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Psychometric Validation of Sheffield Profile for Assessment and Referral to Care (SPARC) in Korean Cancer Patients
Hong Jun Kim, Eun Hee Jung, Jung Hye Kwon, Yu Jung Kim, Su-Jin Koh, Myung Ah Lee, Jung Hun Kang, Sun Young Rha, Eun Mi Nam, Sun Kyung Baek, Ha Yeon Lee, Hun Ho Song, Young-Woong Won, Hanbyul Lee
Received July 26, 2024  Accepted December 4, 2024  Published online December 5, 2024  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.706    [Accepted]
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
Identifying the palliative care needs of patients with advanced cancer is important for maintaining quality of life and timely transition to palliative care. We aimed to validate the Korean Sheffield Profile for Assessment and Referral for Care (K-SPARC) in such patients and establish its psychometric properties, including reliability, validity, and responsiveness to change.
Materials and Methods
We used the forward-back translated version of SPARC, which was verified through a pilot study, to assess the palliative care needs of patients with advanced cancer. Reliability was evaluated by internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha coefficients and test-retest reliability. Criterion validity was analyzed against other questionnaires, including the Korean versions of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G Korean) and Korean versions of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (K-ESAS). Factor analysis was used to assess construct validity.
Results
Two hundred fifty-nine patients were included from 2019 to 2022. Forty-nine percent of all patients were women, and the median age was 63 years. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (range, 0.642–0.903) and test-retest reliability (range, 0.574–0.749) indicated acceptable reliability. The correlation coefficients between K-SPARC and FACT-G Korean suggested significant criterion validity. The correlation coefficients for the physical, social, emotional, and functional domains were 0.701, 0.249, 0.718, and 0.511, respectively (p-value <0.001, all). Factor analysis demonstrated satisfactory construct validity of the tool.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated the utility of K-SPARC as an evaluation tool for providing palliative care to patients with advanced cancer through psychometric validation; the tool had good internal consistency, reliability, and acceptable validity.
  • 334 View
  • 17 Download
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Special Article
Identifying Trends in Oncology Research through a Bibliographic Analysis of Cancer Research and Treatment
Choong-kun Lee, Jeong Min Choo, Yong Chan Ahn, Jin Kim, Sun Young Rha, Chai Hong Rim, On behalf of the 50th Anniversary Committee of the Korean Cancer Association
Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(1):11-18.   Published online December 5, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.688
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
During the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Korean Cancer Association, articles published in Cancer Research and Treatment from 2004 to 2023 were assessed based on the subject and design of each study. Based on this analysis, trends in domestic cancer research were inferred and directions were suggested for the future development of Cancer Research and Treatment.
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Original Articles
Predictive Value of the nProfiler 1 Assay for the Efficacy of Adjuvant S-1-Based Doublet Chemotherapy in Stage III Gastric Cancer: A Post-Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Phase III Trial
Dong Ki Lee, Choong-kun Lee, Hyo Song Kim, Sun Jin Sym, Dae Young Zang, Ki Hyang Kim, Joo Han Lim, Hae Su Kim, Kyung Hee Lee, Heon Yung Gee, Sun Young Rha, Hyunki Kim, Minkyu Jung
Received July 25, 2024  Accepted November 9, 2024  Published online November 12, 2024  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.705    [Accepted]
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
The nProfiler 1 Stomach Cancer Assay (nProfiler1), designed to predict responses to fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy, measures the expression of four gastric cancer target genes (GZMB, WARS, SFRP4, and CDX1). The randomized phase III POST trial aimed to compare the efficacies of two adjuvant S-1-based doublet chemotherapies: S-1 plus cisplatin (SP) and S-1 plus docetaxel (DS). This study aimed to validate the nProfiler1 assay using a distinct cohort from the POST trial.
Materials and Methods
The nProfiler1 assay stratifies patients into three groups (low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk) using the prognostic single-patient classifier and two groups (chemotherapy-benefit and no-benefit) using the predictive single-patient classifier. The nProfiler1 assay was applied to formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded slides obtained from the POST trial. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), including 5-year survival rates, were calculated for the enrolled patients.
Results
Of the 153 patients in the POST trial, 118 were included in the post-hoc analysis. With a median follow-up of 57.9 months, no significant difference in DFS or OS was observed between the SP and DS groups. The prognostic single-patient classifier predicted the OS in the SP group (p=0.0425) but not in the DS group (p=0.5940). The chemotherapy-benefit group exhibited numerically longer DFS than the no-benefit group in the SP and DS groups.
Conclusion
The nProfiler1 assay offers valuable insights into the prognosis and efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy based on fluorouracil plus platinum doublet regimens but not docetaxel-containing regimens. Further validation with larger patient cohorts and different regimens is warranted.
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Gastrointestinal cancer
Varlitinib and Paclitaxel for EGFR/HER2 Co-expressing Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Multicenter Phase Ib/II Study (K-MASTER-13)
Dong-Hoe Koo, Minkyu Jung, Yeul Hong Kim, Hei-Cheul Jeung, Dae Young Zang, Woo Kyun Bae, Hyunki Kim, Hyo Song Kim, Choong-kun Lee, Woo Sun Kwon, Hyun Cheol Chung, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(4):1136-1145.   Published online April 29, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.1324
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
Varlitinib is a pan-human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) inhibitor targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and HER4. We present a phase Ib/II study of a combination of varlitinib and weekly paclitaxel as a second-line treatment for patients with EGFR/HER2 co-expressing advanced gastric cancer (AGC).
Materials and Methods
Patients whose tumors with EGFR and HER2 overexpression by immunohistochemistry (≥ 1+) were enrolled. Varlitinib and paclitaxel were investigated every 4 weeks. After determining the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) in phase Ib, a phase II study was conducted to evaluate the antitumor activity.
Results
RP2D was treated with a combination of varlitinib (300 mg twice daily) and paclitaxel. Among 27 patients treated with RP2D, the median progression-free survival and overall survival (OS) were 3.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7 to 4.9) and 7.9 months (95% CI, 5.0 to 10.8), respectively, with a median follow-up of 15.7 months. Among 16 patients with measurable disease, the objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate were 31% and 88%, respectively. Patients with strong HER2 expression (n=8) had a higher ORR and longer OS, whereas those with strong EGFR expression (n=3) had poorer outcomes. The most common adverse events (AEs) of any grade were neutropenia (52%), diarrhea (27%), aspartate aminotransferase/alanine transaminase elevation (22%), and nausea (19%). No treatment-related deaths or unexpected AEs resulting from treatment cessation were observed in patients with RP2D.
Conclusion
A combination of varlitinib and paclitaxel displayed manageable toxicity and modest antitumor activity in patients with EGFR/HER2 co-expressing AGC who progressed after first-line chemotherapy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Positive Advanced Gastric or Esophagogastric Adenocarcinoma: Reflecting on the Past to Gain a New Insights
    Yu Aoki, Izuma Nakayama, Kohei Shitara
    Current Oncology Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Unraveling the future: Innovative design strategies and emerging challenges in HER2-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors for cancer therapy
    Sixiang Zheng, Ruixian Chen, Lele Zhang, Lun Tan, Lintao Li, Fangyi Long, Ting Wang
    European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.2024; 276: 116702.     CrossRef
  • 1,733 View
  • 130 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
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First-in-Human Phase 1 Study of a B Cell– and Monocyte-Based Immunotherapeutic Vaccine against HER2-Positive Advanced Gastric Cancer
Minkyu Jung, Jii Bum Lee, Hyo Song Kim, Woo Sun Kwon, Hyun Ok Kim, Sinyoung Kim, Myunghwan Park, Wuhyun Kim, Ki-Young Choi, Taegwon Oh, Chang-Yuil Kang, Hyun Cheol Chung, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(1):208-218.   Published online June 28, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1328
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
BVAC-B is an autologous B cell– and monocyte-based immunotherapeutic vaccine that contains cells transfected with a recombinant human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) gene and loaded with the natural killer T cell ligand alpha-galactosylceramide. Here, we report the first BVAC-B study in patients with HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer.
Materials and Methods
Patients with advanced gastric cancer refractory to standard treatment with HER2+ immunohistochemistry ≥ 1 were eligible for treatment. Patients were administered low (2.5×107 cells/dose), medium (5.0×107 cells/dose), or high dose (1.0×108 cells/dose) of BVAC-B intravenously four times every 4 weeks. Primary endpoints included safety and maximum tolerated BVAC-B dose. Secondary endpoints included preliminary clinical efficacy and BVAC-B-induced immune responses.
Results
Eight patients were treated with BVAC-B at low (n=1), medium (n=1), and high doses (n=6). No dose-limiting toxicity was observed, while treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were observed in patients treated with medium and high doses. The most common TRAEs were grade 1 (n=2) and grade 2 (n=2) fever. Out of the six patients treated with high-dose BVAC-B, three had stable disease with no response. Interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 increased after BVAC-B treatment in all patients with medium and high dose, and HER2-specific antibody was detected in some patients.
Conclusion
BVAC-B monotherapy had a safe toxicity profile with limited clinical activity; however, it activated immune cells in heavily pretreated patients with HER2-positive gastric cancer. Earlier treatment with BVAC-B and combination therapy is warranted for evaluation of clinical efficacy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Positive Advanced Gastric or Esophagogastric Adenocarcinoma: Reflecting on the Past to Gain a New Insights
    Yu Aoki, Izuma Nakayama, Kohei Shitara
    Current Oncology Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • HER2-Positive Gastric Cancer and Antibody Treatment: State of the Art and Future Developments
    Magdalena K. Scheck, Ralf D. Hofheinz, Sylvie Lorenzen
    Cancers.2024; 16(7): 1336.     CrossRef
  • Comparative Analysis of ICIs, CAR-T Therapy, and Cancer Vaccines in Immunotherapy
    Junyi Chen, Ansong Liu, Yao Yao
    Transactions on Materials, Biotechnology and Life Sciences.2024; 7: 402.     CrossRef
  • 3,413 View
  • 197 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
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General
Immunogenicity and Safety of Vaccines against Coronavirus Disease in Actively Treated Patients with Solid Tumors: A Prospective Cohort Study
Yae Jee Baek, Youn-Jung Lee, So Ra Park, Kyoo Hyun Kim, Seung-Hoon Beom, Choong-kun Lee, Sang Joon Shin, Sun Young Rha, Sinyoung Kim, Kyoung Hwa Lee, Jung Ho Kim, Su Jin Jeong, Nam Su Ku, Jun Yong Choi, Joon-Sup Yeom, Minkyu Jung, Jin Young Ahn
Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(3):746-757.   Published online February 9, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1541
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
We aimed to assess the humoral response to and reactogenicity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination according to the vaccine type and to analyze factors associated with immunogenicity in actively treated solid cancer patients (CPs).
Materials and Methods
Prospective cohorts of CPs, undergoing anticancer treatment, and healthcare workers (HCWs) were established. The participants had no history of previous COVID-19 and received either mRNA-based or adenovirus vector–based (AdV) vaccines as the primary series. Blood samples were collected before the first vaccination and after 2 weeks for each dose vaccination. Spike-specific binding antibodies (bAbs) in all participants and neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) wild-type, Delta, and Omicron variants in CPs were analyzed and presented as the geometric mean titer.
Results
Age-matched 20 HCWs and 118 CPs were included in the analysis. The bAb seroconversion rate and antibody concentrations after the first vaccination were significantly lower in CPs than in HCWs. After the third vaccination, antibody levels in CPs with a primary series of AdV were comparable to those in HCWs, but nAb titers against the Omicron variant did not quantitatively increase in CPs with AdV vaccine as the primary series. The incidence and severity of adverse reactions post-vaccination were similar between CPs and HCWs.
Conclusion
CPs displayed delayed humoral immune response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The booster dose elicited comparable bAb concentrations between CPs and HCWs, regardless of the primary vaccine type. Neutralization against the Omicron variant was not robustly elicited following the booster dose in some CPs, implying the need for additional interventions to protect them from COVID-19.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Safety, immunogenicity and protective effect of sequential vaccination with inactivated and recombinant protein COVID-19 vaccine in the elderly: a prospective longitudinal study
    Hong-Hong Liu, Yunbo Xie, Bao-Peng Yang, Huan-Yue Wen, Peng-Hui Yang, Jin-E Lu, Yan Liu, Xi Chen, Meng-Meng Qu, Yang Zhang, Wei-Guo Hong, Yong-Gang Li, Junliang Fu, Fu-Sheng Wang
    Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Immune response of COVID-19 vaccines in solid cancer patients: A meta-analysis
    Tiantian Hua, Ru Fan, Yang Fan, Feng Chen
    Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Three-Dose mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Regime Produces Both Suitable Immunogenicity and Satisfactory Efficacy in Patients with Solid Cancers
    Urska Janzic, Urska Bidovec-Stojkovic, Peter Korosec, Katja Mohorcic, Loredana Mrak, Marina Caks, Maja Ravnik, Erik Skof, Matija Rijavec
    Vaccines.2023; 11(6): 1017.     CrossRef
  • Neutralizing Antibody Response following a Third Dose of the mRNA-1273 Vaccine among Cancer Patients
    Christopher W. Dukes, Marine Potez, Jeffrey Lancet, Barbara J. Kuter, Junmin Whiting, Qianxing Mo, Brett Leav, Haixing Wang, Julie S. Vanas, Christopher L. Cubitt, Kimberly Isaacs-Soriano, Kayoko Kennedy, Julie Rathwell, Julian Diaz Cobo, Wesley O’Nan, Br
    Vaccines.2023; 12(1): 13.     CrossRef
  • 4,603 View
  • 213 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref
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Special Articles
Guidelines for Cancer Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic in South Korea
Jii Bum Lee, Minkyu Jung, June Hyuk Kim, Bo Hyun Kim, Yeol Kim, Young Seok Kim, Byung Chang Kim, Jin Kim, Sung Ho Moon, Keon-Uk Park, Meerim Park, Hyeon Jin Park, Sung Hoon Sim, Hong Man Yoon, Soo Jung Lee, Eunyoung Lee, June Young Chun, Youn Kyung Chung, So-Youn Jung, Jinsoo Chung, Eun Sook Lee, Hyun Cheol Chung, Tak Yun, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(2):323-329.   Published online March 15, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.1256
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
At the end of 2019, the cause of pneumonia outbreaks in Wuhan, China, was identified as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In February 2020, the World Health Organization named the disease cause by SARS-CoV-2 as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In response to the pandemic, the Korean Cancer Association formed the COVID-19 task force to develop practice guidelines. This special article introduces the clinical practice guidelines for cancer patients which will help oncologists best manage cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Preoperative COVID-19 and Postoperative Mortality in Cancer Surgery: A South Korean Nationwide Study
    Jae-Woo Ju, Soo-Hyuk Yoon, Tak Kyu Oh, Ho-Jin Lee
    Annals of Surgical Oncology.2024; 31(10): 6394.     CrossRef
  • Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and Gastric Cancer Claims in South Korea: A Nationwide, Population-Based Study
    Min Ah Suh, Su Bee Park, Min Seob Kwak, Jin Young Yoon, Jae Myung Cha
    Yonsei Medical Journal.2023; 64(9): 549.     CrossRef
  • The elderly population are more vulnerable for the management of colorectal cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide, population-based study
    Hong Sun Kang, Seung Hoon Jeon, Su Bee Park, Jin Young Youn, Min Seob Kwak, Jae Myung Cha
    Intestinal Research.2023; 21(4): 500.     CrossRef
  • Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on Gastric Cancer Diagnosis and Stage: A Single-Institute Study in South Korea
    Moonki Hong, Mingee Choi, JiHyun Lee, Kyoo Hyun Kim, Hyunwook Kim, Choong-Kun Lee, Hyo Song Kim, Sun Young Rha, Gyu Young Pih, Yoon Jin Choi, Da Hyun Jung, Jun Chul Park, Sung Kwan Shin, Sang Kil Lee, Yong Chan Lee, Minah Cho, Yoo Min Kim, Hyoung-Il Kim,
    Journal of Gastric Cancer.2023; 23(4): 574.     CrossRef
  • Health-Seeking Behavior Returning to Normalcy Overcoming COVID-19 Threat in Breast Cancer
    Eun-Gyeong Lee, Yireh Han, Dong-Eun Lee, Hyeong-Gon Moon, Hyoung Won Koh, Eun-Kyu Kim, So-Youn Jung
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(4): 1222.     CrossRef
  • Adherence to Physical Distancing and Health Beliefs About COVID-19 Among Patients With Cancer
    Sajida Fawaz Hammoudi, Oli Ahmed, Hoyoung An, Youjin Hong, Myung Hee Ahn, Seockhoon Chung
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • To overcome medical gap in screening and surveillance of colorectal cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic
    Yoo Min Han
    Intestinal Research.2023; 21(4): 418.     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 pandemic: a new cause of unplanned interruption of radiotherapy in breast cancer patients
    Shiho Lee, Jaesung Heo
    Medical Oncology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Breast Cancer Management in Portugal: A Cross-Sectional Survey-Based Study of Medical Oncologists
    Diogo Alpuim Costa, José Guilherme Gonçalves Nobre, João Paulo Fernandes, Marta Vaz Batista, Ana Simas, Carolina Sales, Helena Gouveia, Leonor Abreu Ribeiro, Andreia Coelho, Margarida Brito, Mariana Inácio, André Cruz, Mónica Mariano, Joana Savva-Bordalo,
    Oncology and Therapy.2022; 10(1): 225.     CrossRef
  • Organisation of cancer care in troubling times: A scoping review of expert guidelines and their implementation during the COVID-19 pandemic
    Brenda Bogaert, Victoria Buisson, Zizis Kozlakidis, Pierre Saintigny
    Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2022; 173: 103656.     CrossRef
  • Surgical safety in the COVID-19 era: present and future considerations
    Young Il Kim, In Ja Park
    Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2022; 102(6): 295.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Cancer-Related Dysfunctional Beliefs About Sleep on Fear of Cancer Progression in the Coronavirus Pandemic
    Harin Kim, Inn-Kyu Cho, Dongin Lee, Kyumin Kim, Joohee Lee, Eulah Cho, C. Hyung Keun Park, Seockhoon Chung
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Gastric Cancer Screening in South Korea: Results From the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey (2017–2021)
    Kyeongmin Lee, Mina Suh, Jae Kwan Jun, Kui Son Choi
    Journal of Gastric Cancer.2022; 22(4): 297.     CrossRef
  • Changes in cancer screening before and during COVID‐19: findings from the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey 2019 and 2020
    Thao Thi Kim Trinh, Yun Yeong Lee, Mina Suh, Jae Kwan Jun, Kui Son Choi
    Epidemiology and Health.2022; 44: e2022051.     CrossRef
  • Treatment decision for cancer patients with fever during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
    In Hee Lee, Sung Ae Koh, Soo Jung Lee, Sun Ah Lee, Yoon Young Cho, Ji Yeon Lee, Jin Young Kim
    Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2021; 38(4): 344.     CrossRef
  • 9,261 View
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  • 14 Web of Science
  • 15 Crossref
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Behaviors and Attitudes toward the Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine among Korean Cancer Patients
Jung Hye Kwon, Sang-Cheol Lee, Myung Ah Lee, Yu Jung Kim, Jung Hun Kang, Jin Young Kim, Hyo Jin Lee, Woo Kyun Bae, Mi-Jung Kim, Eui Kyu Chie, Jin Kim, Yeul Hong Kim, Hyun Cheol Chung, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(3):851-860.   Published online June 7, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.137
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
A cross-sectional survey was conducted to explore the current awareness and use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), as well as attitudes toward CAM, in patients with cancer and their family members in South Korea.
Materials and Methods
Between September 21 and October 31, 2017, a 25-item questionnaire regarding CAM experiences among cancer patients and their family members was conducted in 10 oncology clinics in South Korea after institutional review board approval at each institution.
Results
In total, 283/310 patients were analyzed. The median age was 60 years, and 60% were male. Most of the patients were actively receiving anticancer treatment at the time of the survey. A total of 106 patients (37%) had experienced a median of two types (interquartile range, 1 to 3) of CAM. Belief in CAM (odds ratio [OR], 3.015; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.611 to 5.640) and duration of disease (OR, 1.012; 95% CI, 1.004 to 1.020) were independent factors for using CAM in multivariable analysis. Belief in CAM was significantly associated with current use of CAM (OR, 3.633; 95% CI, 1.567 to 8.424). Lay referral was the most common reason for deciding to use CAM, and only 25% of patients (72/283) discussed CAM with their physicians.
Conclusion
Patient attitudes toward and confidence in CAM modalities were strongly associated with their CAM experiences, and only a small number of patients had an open discussion about CAM with their physicians. A patient education program for CAM is needed.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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    H Çelik, H Aslan
    Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice.2024; 27(4): 415.     CrossRef
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    Complementary Therapies in Medicine.2023; 72: 102920.     CrossRef
  • Status of Using Complementary and Alternative Medicine among Patients with Cancer in Korea: an Online Survey of Online Cancer Support Groups (KCSG PC21-20)
    Jung Sun Kim, Jung Hye Kwon, Sun Young Rha, Sang-Cheol Lee, Yoon Jung Chang, In-Sun Kwon, Kyung Han You, Ho Young Yoon
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(2): 442.     CrossRef
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    Fatma Uslu-Sahan, Ilknur Yesilcınar, Gonul Kurt, Elif Hancer, Gulten Guvenc
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    Nipher Malika, Lisa Roberts, Carlos Casiano, Susanne Montgomery
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    BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effect of cancer on traditional, complementary and alternative medicine utilization in Korea: a fixed effect analysis using Korea Health Panel data
    Dongsu Kim, Soo-Hyun Sung, Seungwon Shin, Minjung Park
    BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Jeongwon Yeom, Jung Mi Lee
    Clinical Nutrition Research.2022; 11(4): 255.     CrossRef
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    Kyeore Bae
    The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine.2022; 43(6): 1075.     CrossRef
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    Aneta Brygida Jędrzejewska, Barbara Janina Ślusarska, Grzegorz Józef Nowicki
    Pielegniarstwo XXI wieku / Nursing in the 21st Century.2022; 21(2): 122.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of outpatient cancer patients’ use of nonpharmacological methods in the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting
    Eda ERGİN, Tülay SAĞKAL MİDİLLİ, Eda AKDAĞ, Ceyda KIRGÖZ
    Cukurova Medical Journal.2021; 46(2): 574.     CrossRef
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    Eun Hye Kim, Jee-Hyun Yoon, Sung Soo Yoon, Jee Young Lee, Seong Woo Yoon
    Integrative Cancer Therapies.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Original Articles
Temsirolimus in Asian Metastatic/Recurrent Non-clear Cell Renal Carcinoma
Jii Bum Lee, Hyung Soon Park, Sejung Park, Hyo Jin Lee, Kyung A Kwon, Young Jin Choi, Yu Jung Kim, Chung Mo Nam, Nam Hoon Cho, Beodeul Kang, Hyun Cheol Chung, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(4):1578-1588.   Published online April 16, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.671
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Temsirolimus is effective in the treatment for metastatic non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) with poor prognosis. We aim to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of temsirolimus in treatment of naïve Asian patients with metastatic/recurrent nccRCC.
Materials and Methods
From January 2008 to July 2017, data of treatment-naïve, metastatic/recurrent nccRCC patients, who were treated with temsirolimus according to the standard protocol, were collected. The primary end-point was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary end points were overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and tolerability of temsirolimus.
Results
Forty-four metastatic/recurrent nccRCC patients, 10 from prospective and 34 from retrospective groups, were enrolled; 24 patients (54%) were papillary type, and other histology subtypes included 11 chromophobes (25%), two collecting ducts (5%), one Xp11.2 translocation (2%), and six others (14%). The median PFS and OS were 7.6 months and 17.6 months, res-pectively. ORR was 11% and disease control rate was 83%. Patients with prior nephrectomy had longer PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.06 to 0.42; p < 0.001) and OS (HR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.45; p < 0.001). Compared to favorable/intermediate prognosis group, poor prognosis group had shorter median PFS (4.7 months vs. 7.6 months [HR, 2.91; 95% CI, 1.39 to 6.12; p=0.005]) and median OS (9.2 months vs. 17.6 months [HR, 2.84; 95% CI, 1.23 to 6.56; p=0.015]).
Conclusion
Temsirolimus not only benefits poor-risk nccRCC patients, but it is also effective in favorable or intermediate-risk group in Asians. Temsirolimus was well-tolerated with manageable adverse events.

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Characteristics and Treatment Patterns of Patients with Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma in Korea
Hyo Song Kim, Chung Mo Nam, Suk-Yong Jang, Sun Kyu Choi, Minkyung Han, Seonmin Kim, Maria Victoria Moneta, Sae Young Lee, Jae Min Cho, Diego Novick, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(4):1380-1391.   Published online February 18, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.476
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
A soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is a rare type of cancer, accounting for 1% of adult solid cancers. The aim of the present study is to determine the incidence of localized and advanced STS in Korean patients, their treatment patterns, and the survival of patients by disease status.
Materials and Methods
The STS patient cohort was defined using National Health Insurance Service medical data from 2002 to 2015. Incidence, distribution, anatomical location of tumors, survival rates (Kaplan-Meyer survival function) and treatment patterns were analyzed by applying different algorithms to the STS cohort containing localized and advanced STS cases.
Results
A total of 7,813 patients were diagnosed with STS from 2007 to 2014, 4,307 were localized STS and 3,506 advanced STS cases. The total incidence of STS was 2.49 per 100,000 person- years: 1.37 per 100,000 person-years for localized STS and 1.12 per 100,000 person-years for advanced STS. The 5-year survival rate after diagnosis was 56.4% for all STS, 82.4% for localized, and 27.2% for advanced STS. Half of the advanced STS patients (49.98%) received anthracycline-containing chemotherapy as initial treatment after diagnosis.
Conclusion
This study provides insights into localized and advanced STS epidemiology, treatment patterns and outcomes in Korea, which could be used as fundamental data in improving clinical outcomes of STS patients in the future.

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Immunohistochemistry Biomarkers Predict Survival in Stage II/III Gastric Cancer Patients: From a Prospective Clinical Trial
Min Hwan Kim, Xianglan Zhang, Minkyu Jung, Inkyung Jung, Hyung Soon Park, Seung-Hoon Beom, Hyo Song Kim, Sun Young Rha, Hyunki Kim, Yoon Young Choi, Taeil Son, Hyoung-Il Kim, Jae-Ho Cheong, Woo Jin Hyung, Sung Hoon Noh, Hyun Cheol Chung
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(2):819-831.   Published online September 27, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.331
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
Identification of biomarkers to predict recurrence risk is essential to improve adjuvant treatment strategies in stage II/III gastric cancer patients. This study evaluated biomarkers for predicting survival after surgical resection.
Materials and Methods
This post-hoc analysis evaluated patients from the CLASSIC trial who underwent D2 gastrectomy with or without adjuvant chemotherapy (capecitabine plus oxaliplatin) at the Yonsei Cancer Center. Tumor expressions of thymidylate synthase (TS), excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1), and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) were evaluated by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining to determine their predictive values.
Results
Among 139 patients, IHC analysis revealed high tumor expression of TS (n=22, 15.8%), ERCC1 (n=23, 16.5%), and PD-L1 (n=42, 30.2%) in the subset of patients. Among all patients, high TS expression tended to predict poor disease-free survival (DFS; hazard ratio [HR], 1.80; p=0.053), whereas PD-L1 positivity was associated with favorable DFS (HR, 0.33; p=0.001) and overall survival (OS; HR, 0.38; p=0.009) in multivariate Cox analysis. In the subgroup analysis, poor DFS was independently predicted by high TS expression (HR, 2.51; p=0.022) in the adjuvant chemotherapy subgroup (n=66). High PD-L1 expression was associated with favorable DFS (HR, 0.25; p=0.011) and OS (HR, 0.22; p=0.015) only in the surgery-alone subgroup (n=73). The prognostic impact of high ERCC1 expression was not significant in the multivariate Cox analysis.
Conclusion
This study shows that high TS expression is a predictive factor for worse outcomes on capecitabine plus oxaliplatin adjuvant chemotherapy, whereas PD-L1 expression is a favorable prognostic factor in locally advanced gastric cancer patients.

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    Hirofumi Tazawa, Takahisa Suzuki, Akihisa Saito, Akira Ishikawa, Toshiaki Komo, Haruki Sada, Norimitsu Shimada, Naoto Hadano, Takashi Onoe, Takeshi Sudo, Yosuke Shimizu, Kazuya Kuraoka, Hirotaka Tashiro
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  • 318 Download
  • 9 Web of Science
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Landscape of Actionable Genetic Alterations Profiled from 1,071 Tumor Samples in Korean Cancer Patients
Se-Hoon Lee, Boram Lee, Joon Ho Shim, Kwang Woo Lee, Jae Won Yun, Sook-Young Kim, Tae-You Kim, Yeul Hong Kim, Young Hyeh Ko, Hyun Cheol Chung, Chang Sik Yu, Jeeyun Lee, Sun Young Rha, Tae Won Kim, Kyung Hae Jung, Seock-Ah Im, Hyeong-Gon Moon, Sukki Cho, Jin Hyoung Kang, Jihun Kim, Sang Kyum Kim, Han Suk Ryu, Sang Yun Ha, Jong Il Kim, Yeun-Jun Chung, Cheolmin Kim, Hyung-Lae Kim, Woong-Yang Park, Dong-Young Noh, Keunchil Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(1):211-222.   Published online April 23, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.132
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
With the emergence of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, profiling a wide range of genomic alterations has become a possibility resulting in improved implementation of targeted cancer therapy. In Asian populations, the prevalence and spectrum of clinically actionable genetic alterations has not yet been determined because of a lack of studies examining high-throughput cancer genomic data.
Materials and Methods
To address this issue, 1,071 tumor samples were collected from five major cancer institutes in Korea and analyzed using targeted NGS at a centralized laboratory. Samples were either fresh frozen or formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) and the quality and yield of extracted genomic DNA was assessed. In order to estimate the effect of sample condition on the quality of sequencing results, tissue preparation method, specimen type (resected or biopsied) and tissue storage time were compared.
Results
We detected 7,360 non-synonymous point mutations, 1,164 small insertions and deletions, 3,173 copy number alterations, and 462 structural variants. Fifty-four percent of tumors had one or more clinically relevant genetic mutation. The distribution of actionable variants was variable among different genes. Fresh frozen tissues, surgically resected specimens, and recently obtained specimens generated superior sequencing results over FFPE tissues, biopsied specimens, and tissues with long storage duration.
Conclusion
In order to overcome, challenges involved in bringing NGS testing into routine clinical use, a centralized laboratory model was designed that could improve the NGS workflows, provide appropriate turnaround times and control costs with goal of enabling precision medicine.

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S-1 Based Doublet as an Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Curatively Resected Stage III Gastric Cancer: Results from the Randomized Phase III POST Trial
Choong-kun Lee, Minkyu Jung, Hyo Song Kim, Inkyung Jung, Dong Bok Shin, Seok Yun Kang, Dae Young Zang, Ki Hyang Kim, Moon Hee Lee, Bong-Seog Kim, Kyung Hee Lee, Jae-Ho Cheong, Woo Jin Hyung, Sung Hoon Noh, Hyun Cheol Chung, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(1):1-11.   Published online February 5, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.028
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
We conducted a randomized, multicenter, phase III trial to compare S-1 plus docetaxel (DS) with S-1 plus cisplatin (SP) as adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III gastric cancer patients.
Materials and Methods
Stage III gastric cancer patients who had received curative gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy were randomized into equal groups to receive adjuvant chemotherapy of eight cycles of DS (S-1 70 mg/m2 /day on days 1-14 plus docetaxel 35 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8) every 3 weeks or SP (S-1 70 mg/m2 /day on days 1-14 plus cisplatin 60 mg/m2 on day 1) every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate.
Results
Between November 2010 and July 2013, 153 patients (75 patients to DS and 78 patients to SP) were enrolled from 8 institutions in Korea. After the capecitabine plus oxaliplatin was approved based on the CLASSIC study, itwas decided to close the study early. With a median follow-up duration of 56.9 months, the 3-year DFS rate between two groups was not significantly different (49.14% in DS group vs. 52.5% in SP group). The most common grade 3-4 adverse event was neutropenia (42.7% in DS and 38.5% in SP, p=0.351). SP group had more grade 3-4 anemia (1.3% vs. 11.5%, p=0.037), whereas grade 3-4 hand-foot syndrome (4.1% vs. 0%, p=0.025) and mucositis (10.7% vs. 2.6%, p=0.001) were more common in DS group. Fifty-one patients (68%) in DS group and 52 (66.7%) in SP group finished planned treatment.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that SP or DS is an effective and tolerable option for patients with curatively resected stage III gastric cancer.

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    Kotaro Sugawara, Yoshikuni Kawaguchi, Yasuyuki Seto, Jean-Nicolas Vauthey
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Genetic Alterations among Korean Melanoma Patients Showing Tumor Heterogeneity: A Comparison between Primary Tumors and Corresponding Metastatic Lesions
Si-Hyung Lee, Jee Eun Kim, Hong Sun Jang, Kyu Hyun Park, Byung Ho Oh, Sang Joon Shin, Kee Yang Chung, Mi Ryung Roh, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(4):1378-1387.   Published online January 22, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.535
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
Melanoma is a highly heterogeneous neoplasm, composed of subpopulations of tumor cells with distinct molecular and biological phenotypes and genotypes. In this study, to determine the genetic heterogeneity between primary and metastatic melanoma in Korean melanoma patients, we evaluated several well-known genetic alterations of melanoma. In addition, to elucidate the clinical relevance of each genetic alteration and heterogeneity between primary and metastatic lesions, clinical features and patient outcome were collected.
Materials and Methods
In addition to clinical data, BRAF, NRAS, GNAQ/11 mutation and KIT amplification data was acquired from an archived primary Korean melanoma cohort (KMC) of 188 patients. Among these patients, 43 patients were included for investigation of tumor heterogeneity between primary melanoma and its corresponding metastatic lesions.
Results
Overall incidence of genetic aberrations of the primary melanomas in KMC was 17.6% of BRAF V600, 12.6% of NRAS mutation, and 28.6% of KIT amplification. GNAQ/11 mutation was seen in 66.6% of the uveal melanoma patients. Patients with BRAF mutation were associated with advanced stage and correlated to poor prognosis (p < 0.01). Among 43 patients, 55.8% showed heterogeneity between primary and metastatic lesion. The frequency of BRAF mutation and KIT amplification significantly increased in the metastatic lesions compared to primary melanomas. Conclusion
Our data demonstrated heterogeneity between primary melanomas and corresponding metastatic lesions for BRAF, NRAS mutation and KIT amplification. However, GNAQ/11 mutation was genetically homogeneous between primary and metastatic melanoma lesions in uveal melanoma.

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Pazopanib for the Treatment of Non-clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Single-Arm, Open-Label, Multicenter, Phase II Study
Ki Sun Jung, Su Jin Lee, Se Hoon Park, Jae-Lyun Lee, Se-Hoon Lee, Jae Yun Lim, Jung Hun Kang, Suee Lee, Sun Young Rha, Kyung Hee Lee, Ho Young Kim, Ho Yeong Lim
Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(2):488-494.   Published online May 22, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.584
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
The optimal treatment strategy for patients with metastatic non-clear cell type renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) remains unclear. Although several inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor have recently shown efficacy against nccRCC, the clinical benefit of pazopanib in nccRCC has not been analyzed. We therefore designed a single-arm, open-label, phase II study to determine the efficacy and safety of pazopanib in patients with nccRCC.
Materials and Methods
Patientswith locally advanced or metastatic nccRCC, exceptfor collecting duct or sarcomatoid type, received 800 mg/day of pazopanib daily until progression of disease or intolerable toxicity. One cyclewas defined as 4weeks and tumorresponsewas evaluated every two cycles. The primary objective was overall response rate (ORR).
Results
A total of 29 eligible patients were enrolled at nine centers in Korea from December 2012 and September 2014. The median age of the patients was 58 years (range, 27 to 76 years) and 21 patients (72%) were male. Regarding histology type, 19 patients had papillary, three had chromophobe, two had unclassified and five had unknown non-clear cell type. Of 28 evaluable patients, eight achieved a confirmed partial response with ORR of 28%. The median progression-free survival was 16.5 months (95% confidence interval, 10.9 to 22.1) and median overall survival was not reached. Sixteen patients (55%) experienced treatment-related toxicity of grade 3 or more, but most adverse events were overcome through dose reduction and delay.
Conclusion
In this prospective phase II study, pazopanib demonstrated promising activity and tolerable safety profile in patients with metastatic nccRCC.

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Efficacy and Toxicity of Mammalian Target Rapamycin Inhibitors in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma with Renal Insufficiency: The Korean Cancer Study Group GU 14-08
Ki Hyang Kim, Joo Hoon Kim, Ji Young Lee, Hyo Song Kim, Su Jin Heo, Ji Hyung Kim, Ho Young Kim, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(4):1286-1292.   Published online February 12, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.018
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
We evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of mammalian target rapamycin inhibitors in Korean patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) with chronic renal insufficiency not requiring dialysis. Materials and Methods Korean patients with mRCC and chronic renal insufficiency not requiring dialysis treated with everolimus or temsirolimus between January 2008 and December 2014 were included. Patient characteristics, clinical outcomes, and toxicities were evaluated. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) durations were evaluated according to the degree of renal impairment.
Results
Eighteen patients were considered eligible for the study (median age, 59 years). The median glomerular filtration rate was 51.5 mL/min/1.73 m2. The best response was partial response in six patients and stable disease in 11 patients. The median PFS and OS durations were 8 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 0 to 20.4) and 32 months (95% CI, 27.5 to 36.5), respectively. The most common non-hematologic and grade 3/4 adverse events included stomatitis, fatigue, flu-like symptoms, and anorexia as well as elevated creatinine level. Conclusion Mammalian target rapamycin inhibitors were efficacious and did not increase toxicity in Korean patients with mRCC and chronic renal insufficiency not requiring dialysis.

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    Manuel Eros Rodríguez-Fuentes, Mario Pérez-Sayáns, Carmen Martín Carreras-Presas, Xabier Marichalar-Mendia, Leticia Bagán-Debón, Rafael López-López
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    Cristina Masini, Maria Giuseppa Vitale, Marco Maruzzo, Giuseppe Procopio, Ugo de Giorgi, Sebastiano Buti, Sabrina Rossetti, Roberto Iacovelli, Francesco Atzori, Laura Cosmai, Francesca Vignani, Giuseppe Prati, Sarah Scagliarini, Annalisa Guida, Annalisa B
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    Ravi K. Paluri, Guru Sonpavde, Charity Morgan, Jacob Rojymon, Anastasia Hartzes Mar, Radhika Gangaraju
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A Retrospective Analysis for Patients with HER2-Positive Gastric Cancer Who Were Treated with Trastuzumab-Based Chemotherapy: In the Perspectives of Ethnicity and Histology
Jun Ho Yi, Jung Hun Kang, In Gyu Hwang, Hee Kyung Ahn, Hyun Jin Baek, Soon Il Lee, Do Hyoung Lim, Young-Woong Won, Jun Ho Ji, Hyo Song Kim, Sun Young Rha, Sung Yong Oh, Kyung Eun Lee, Taekyu Lim, Chi Hoon Maeng, Moon Jin Kim, Seung Tae Kim, Jeeyun Lee, Joon Oh Park, Young Suk Park, Ho Yeong Lim, Won Ki Kang, Se Hoon Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(2):553-560.   Published online August 10, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.155
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
While the Trastuzumab for Gastric Cancer (ToGA) trial demonstrated the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab-based chemotherapy in HER2-positive metastatic gastric cancer, the overall survival (OS) benefit was not found in Asian and diffuse-type cancer patients. The aim of the study is to investigate predictive markers for trastuzumab-based chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods
Data of patients with HER2-positive gastric cancer treated with trastuzumab-based chemotherapy were analyzed retrospectively.
Results
A total of 168 Asian patients were included. The median age was 60 years (range, 27 to 85 years) and the male:female ratio was 118 (70.2%):50 (29.8%). Fourteen (8.3%), 63 (37.5%), 75 (44.6%), and 11 (6.5%) patients had well, moderately, poorly-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma, respectively. With 14 complete responses and 73 partial responses, the response rate was 50.6%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 10.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.7 to 11.7), and the median OS was 18.5 months (95% CI, 16.4 to 50.6). Next, we investigated the effect of poorly-differentiated histology (PDH, poorly-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma+signet ring cell carcinoma) on clinical outcomes. The median PFS (8.9 months vs. 11.5 months, p=0.16) was slightly inferior in PDH patients, and the median OS was significantly shorter in PDH patients (14.6 months vs. 19.0 months, p=0.025).
Conclusion
While subset analysis of the ToGA trial demonstrated that trastuzumab-based chemotherapy may not be beneficial for Asians and patients with PDH, our data may suggest that even in Asian patients and patients with PDH, trastuzumab-based chemotherapy could be associated with improved clinical outcomes in patients with HER2-positive gastric cancer.

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p16 Hypermethylation and KRAS Mutation Are Independent Predictors of Cetuximab Plus FOLFIRI Chemotherapy in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Se Hyun Kim, Kyu Hyun Park, Sang Joon Shin, Kang Young Lee, Tae Il Kim, Nam Kyu Kim, Sun Young Rha, Jae Kyung Roh, Joong Bae Ahn
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):208-215.   Published online April 24, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.314
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Hypermethylation of the CpG island of p16INK4a occurs in a significant proportion of colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to investigate its predictive role in CRC patients treated with 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan (FOLFIRI), and cetuximab.
Materials and Methods
Pyrosequencing was used to identify KRASmutation and hypermethylation of 6 CpG island loci (p16, p14, MINT1, MINT2, MINT31, and hMLH1) in DNA extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens. Logistic regression and Cox regression were performed for analysis of the relation between methylation status of CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) markers including p16 and clinical outcome.
Results
Hypermethylation of the p16 gene was detected in 14 of 49 patients (28.6%) and showed significant association with KRASmutation (Fisher exact, p=0.01) and CIMP positivity (Fisher exact, p=0.002). Patients with p16-unmethylated tumors had significantly longer time to progression (TTP; median, 9.0 months vs. 3.5 months; log-rank, p=0.001) and overall survival (median, 44.9 months vs. 16.4 months; log-rank, p=0.008) than those with p16-methylated tumors. Patients with both KRAS and p16 aberrancy (n=6) had markedly shortened TTP (median, 2.8 months) compared to those with either KRAS or p16 aberrancy (n=11; median, 8.6 months; p=0.021) or those with neither (n=32; median, 9.0 months; p < 0.0001). In multivariate analysis, KRAS mutation and p16 methylation showed independent association with shorter TTP (KRAS mutation: hazard ratio [HR], 3.21; p=0.017; p16 methylation: HR, 2.97; p=0.027).
Conclusion
Hypermethylation of p16 was predictive of clinical outcome in metastatic CRC patients treated with cetuximab and FOLFIRI, irrespective of KRAS mutation.

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Case Report
PTEN Methylation Dependent Sinonasal Mucosal Melanoma
Sang Hee Lee, Mi Ryung Roh, Beodeul Kang, Kyu Hyun Park, Soo Hee Kim, Sang Eun Lee, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(2):853-858.   Published online March 18, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.356
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SMM) is an aggressive and rare type of melanoma. Although the classic RAS-RAF-MEK pathway is thought to be the main pathway involved in melanoma pathogenesis, genetic alterations in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase–AKT pathway, including PTEN-regulated signaling, are also thought to contribute. So far, data regarding altered PTEN expression and epigenetic mechanism of PTEN silencing in development of SMM is extremely limited. Herein we report on a case of SMM with liver and bone metastases with an epigenetic alteration of PTEN. Results of mutation analysis for BRAF, NRAS, HRAS, KRAS, PIK3CA, c-Kit, and PTEN were negative; however, methylation of PTEN CpG islands was observed. Our case not only supports PTEN as a major tumor suppressor involved in melanoma tumorigenesis, but also a potential epigenetic mechanism of PTEN silencing in development of SMM.

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  • Mucosal Melanoma: Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Treatment
    Maria Chiara Sergi, Elisabetta Filoni, Giacomo Triggiano, Gerardo Cazzato, Valeria Internò, Camillo Porta, Marco Tucci
    Current Oncology Reports.2023; 25(11): 1247.     CrossRef
  • Mucosal melanomas of different anatomic sites share a common global DNA methylation profile with cutaneous melanoma but show location‐dependent patterns of genetic and epigenetic alterations
    Philipp Jurmeister, Niklas Wrede, Inga Hoffmann, Claudia Vollbrecht, Daniel Heim, Michael Hummel, Peggy Wolkenstein, Ines Koch, Verena Heynol, Wolfgang Daniel Schmitt, Anne Thieme, Daniel Teichmann, Christine Sers, Andreas von Deimling, Julia Cara Thierau
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    Ricardo Hsieh, Marcello M. S. Nico, Cláudia M. C. Camillo, Kátia K. Oliveira, Dirce M. Carraro, Martin Sangueza, Silvia V. Lourenço
    The American Journal of Dermatopathology.2022; 44(10): 741.     CrossRef
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    Shaheer Khan, Richard D. Carvajal
    Expert Opinion on Orphan Drugs.2019; 7(10): 427.     CrossRef
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Original Articles
Results of a Phase II Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Docetaxel and Carboplatin in Metastatic Malignant Melanoma Patients Who Failed First-Line Therapy Containing Dacarbazine
Choong-kun Lee, Minkyu Jung, Hye Jin Choi, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyo Song Kim, Mi Ryung Roh, Joong Bae Ahn, Hyun Cheol Chung, Su Jin Heo, Sun Young Rha, Sang Joon Shin
Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):781-789.   Published online February 16, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.261
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
There is no standard second-line regimen for malignant melanoma patients with disease progression after first-line chemotherapy, and platinum-alkylating agents combined with paclitaxel have shown modest efficacy. Materials and Methods We conducted a phase II, open-label, single-arm study to test the efficacy of docetaxel combined with carboplatin for malignant melanoma patients who failed previous treatment with dacarbazine. Intravenous docetaxel (35 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 of each cycle) and carboplatin (area under the curve 3 on days 1 and 8 of each cycle) was administered every 21 days. Primary end point was objective response rate (ORR).
Results
Thirty patients were enrolled in the study, and the median follow-up duration was 19.8 months. Among 25 per-protocol patients, there were three responders (1 with complete response and 2 with partial response) and 17 stable disease patients (ORR, 12.0%). Among the per-protocol population, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 4.3 months and the median overall survival (OS) was 9.6 months. Uveal melanoma patients (n=9) showed the best prognosis compared to other subtypes (median PFS, 7.6 months; OS, 9.9 months). The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse event was neutropenia (n=15, 50.0%). Conclusion Docetaxel combined with carboplatin showed association with an acceptable safety profile and overall efficacy for patients with malignant melanoma who had progressed on chemotherapy containing dacarbazine.

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    Courtney R. Croley, Joshua Pumarol, Blake E. Delgadillo, Andrew C. Cook, Faith Day, Tea Kaceli, Caroline C. Ward, Imran Husain, Ali Husain, Sabyasachi Banerjee, Anupam Bishayee
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    Yueping Ren, Congcong Yan, Lili Wu, Jingting Zhao, Mingwei Chen, Meng Zhou, Xiaoyan Wang, Tonghua Liu, Quanyong Yi, Jie Sun
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    Mario Damiano Toro, Lucia Gozzo, Luciano Tracia, Marco Cicciù, Filippo Drago, Claudio Bucolo, Teresio Avitabile, Robert Rejdak, Katarzyna Nowomiejska, Sandrine Zweifel, Yacoub A. Yousef, Rashed Nazzal, Giovanni Luca Romano
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    Mohamed Hassan
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Incidence and Survival of Pediatric Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Comparison between Adults and Children
Sun Min Lim, Cheol Joo Yoo, Jung Woo Han, Yong Jin Cho, Soo Hee Kim, Joong Bae Ahn, Sun Young Rha, Sang Joon Shin, Hyun Cheol Chung, Woo Ick Yang, Kyoo-Ho Shin, Jae Kyung Rho, Hyo Song Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(1):9-17.   Published online August 21, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.157
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Pediatric-type sarcomas such as rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), Ewing sarcoma (EWS), primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), and desmoplastic small round-cell tumor (DSRCT) are rare in adults, with limited studies on their prognosis and optimal treatment strategies. We aimed to examine the outcome of children and adult patients with RMS, EWS, PNET, and DSRCT and relevant prognostic factors. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 220 pediatric-type sarcoma patients at a single institution between 1985 and 2011. Comparisons were made in order to examine differences in demographics, disease characteristics, and survival. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazards models. Results A total of 220 consecutive patients were identified at our institute. Median age was 15.6 years (range, 0 to 81 years) and there were 108 children (49%) and 112 adult patients (51%). According to histological classification, 106 patients (48.2%) had RMS, 60 (27.3%) had EWS, 50 (22.7%) had PNET, and 4 (1.8%) had DSRCT. With a median follow-up period of 6.6 years, the estimated median overall survival (OS) of all patients was 75 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 27.2 to 122.8 months) and median event-free survival (EFS) for all patients was 11 months (95% CI, 8.8 to 13.2 months). No significant difference in OS and EFS was observed between adults and children. In multivariate analysis, distant metastasis (hazard ratio [HR], 1.617; 95% CI, 1.022 to 2.557; p=0.040) and no debulking surgery (HR, 1.443; 95% CI, 1.104 to 1.812; p=0.012) showed independent association with worse OS. Conclusion Metastatic disease and no surgical treatment are poor prognostic factors for OS among pediatric-type sarcomas for both adults and children.

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    Guo Yuan How, Chik Hong Kuick, Min Hwee Yong, Shui Yen Soh, Esther XY Hee, Meng Kang Wong, Richard Quek, Mohd Farid Harunal, Sathiyamoorthy Selvarajan, Kesavan Sittampalam, Chetan Anil Dhamne, Victor Lee, Kenneth TE Chang, Amos HP Loh
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    Laura Olivier-Gougenheim, Daniel Orbach, Vincent Atallah, Perrine Marec-Berard, Amandine Bertrand
    Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology.2022; 44(3): e637.     CrossRef
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    Antonio Juan Ribelles, Pablo Gargallo, Pablo Berlanga, Vanessa Segura, Yania Yáñez, Bárbara Juan, Marta Salom, Margarita Llavador, Jaime Font de Mora, Victoria Castel, Adela Cañete
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    Hee Young Ju
    Clinical Pediatric Hematology-Oncology.2019; 26(1): 27.     CrossRef
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    Kyle A. Dyson, Brian D. Stover, Adam Grippin, Hector R. Mendez-Gomez, Joanne Lagmay, Duane A. Mitchell, Elias J. Sayour
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Clinical Features and Treatment of Collecting Duct Carcinoma of the Kidney from the Korean Cancer Study Group Genitourinary and Gynecology Cancer Committee
Kyung A Kwon, Sung Yong Oh, Ho Young Kim, Hyo Song Kim, Ha Young Lee, Tae Min Kim, Ho Yeong Lim, Na-Ri Lee, Hyo Jin Lee, Sook Hee Hong, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2014;46(2):141-147.   Published online April 15, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.46.2.141
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

Collecting duct carcinoma (CDC) of the kidney is an aggressive disease with a poor prognosis, accountings for less than 1% of all renal cancers. To date, no standard therapy for CDC has been established. The aim of this study is an investigation of clinicopathologic findings of CDC and correlation of the disease status with a prognosis.

Materials and Methods

From 1996 to 2009, 35 patients with CDC were treated at eight medical centers. The diagnosis of CDC was made based on nephrectomy in 27 cases and renal biopsy in eight cases.

Results

Median PFS and OS for all patients were 5.8 months (95% CI 3.5 to 9.2) and 54.4 months (95% CI 0 to 109.2), respectively. The OS of patients with Stages I-III was 69.9 months (95% CI 54.0 to 85.8), while that of patients with Stage IV was 8.6 months (95% CI 0 to 23.3), which showed a statistically significant difference (p=0.01). In addition, among patients with Stage IV, the OS of patients who received a palliative treatment (immunotherapy, chemotherapy, or targeted therapy) was 18.4 months, which was higher than the OS of patients without treatment of 4.5 months.

Conclusion

CDC is a highly aggressive form of renal cell carcinoma. Despite most of the treatments, PFS and OS were short, however, there were some long-term survivors, therefore, conduct of additional research on the predictive markers of the several clinical, pathological differences and their treatments will be necessary.

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Weekly Gemcitabine and Docetaxel in Refractory Soft Tissue Sarcoma: A Retrospective Analysis
Ha-young Lee, Sang Joon Shin, Hyo Song Kim, Soo Jung Hong, Jung Woo Han, Seung Taek Lim, Jae Kyung Roh, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2012;44(1):43-49.   Published online March 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2012.44.1.43
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
PURPOSE
The combination of gemcitabine and docetaxel (GD) is used to effectively treat patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS). It is widely considered that the conventional doses used are too high for long term use and many patients must discontinue GD treatment due to its toxicity. Therefore, to determine the appropriate dose meeting acceptable efficacy results, while minimizing toxic side effects, we treated patients with a weekly infusion of GD (weekly GD).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 22 patients presenting a variety of STSs were treated at Yonsei Cancer Center. All patients had metastatic or recurrent cancer and had previously received doxorubicin and ifosfamide combination chemotherapy. In all cases, gemcitabine (1,000 mg/m2) and docetaxel (35 mg/m2) were administered intravenously on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of these patients.
RESULTS
The response rate was 4.5%, with one patient diagnosed with leiomyosarcoma having a partial response, and the disease control rate was 40.9%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) duration was 2.7 months and the PFS was correlated with the treatment response to a weekly GD. The median overall survival (OS) duration was 7.8 months and the OS was correlated with histology. There was no significant difference in OS between patients who received weekly GD as a 2nd line chemotherapy and those who received 3rd line or more. Treatment was generally well tolerated.
CONCLUSION
Weekly GD was well tolerated and showed moderate efficacy, indicating that this could be a reasonable option as a salvage treatment for metastatic STS.

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Clinicopathologic Features of Metachronous or Synchronous Gastric Cancer Patients with Three or More Primary Sites
Joo Hoon Kim, Sun Young Rha, Chan Kim, Gun Min Kim, Sang Hyun Yoon, Ki Hyang Kim, Min Jae Kim, Joong Bae Ahn, Hyun Cheol Chung, Jae Kyung Roh, Hyo Song Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2010;42(4):217-224.   Published online December 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2010.42.4.217
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

We investigated the clinicopathologic information of patients with gastric cancer with multiple primary cancers (GC-MPC) of three or more sites.

Materials and Methods

Between 1995 and 2009, 105,908 patients were diagnosed with malignancy at Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System. Of these, 113 (0.1%) patients with MPC of three or more sites were registered, and 41 (36.3%) of these were GC-MPC. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data and overall survival using the medical records of these 41 GC-MPC patients. We defined synchronous cancers as those occurring within 6 months of the first primary cancer, while metachronous cancers were defined as those occurring more than 6 months later.

Results

Patients with metachronous GC-MPC were more likely to be female (p=0.003) and young than patients with synchronous GC-MPC (p=0.013). The most common cancer sites for metachronous GC-MPC patients were the colorectum, thyroid, lung, kidney and breast, while those for synchronous GC-MPC were the head and neck, esophagus, lung, and kidney. Metachronous GC-MPC demonstrated significantly better overall survival than synchronous GC-MPC, with median overall survival durations of 4.7 and 14.8 years, respectively, and 10-year overall survival rates of 48.2% and 80.7%, respectively (p<0.001).

Conclusion

Multiplicity of primary malignancies itself does not seem to indicate a poor prognosis. The early detection of additional primary malignancies will enable proper management with curative intent.

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Case Report
Novel Sunitinib Strategy in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma on Hemodialysis: Intermittent Dose of Sunitinib after Hemodialysis
Sang Hyun Yoon, Ki Hyang Kim, Junjeong Choi, Gun Min Kim, Joo Hoon Kim, Hyo Song Kim, Young Nyun Park, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2010;42(3):180-184.   Published online September 30, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2010.42.3.180
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The proper dose and schedule of sunitinib have yet to be established for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) on hemodialysis. We reviewed two patients with metastatic RCC on hemodialysis who had been treated with sunitinib in Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine. Fifty milligrams of sunitinib was administered intermittently after each hemodialysis session (3 or 4 times a week). Overall responses were partial response in both cases. Progression-free survivals were 16 and 6 months, respectively, at the time of reporting (April 2010). Both subjects tolerated the treatment.

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Original Articles
Wernicke's Encephalopathy in Advanced Gastric Cancer
Eun Suk Jung, Obin Kwon, Soo Hyun Lee, Ki Byung Lee, Joo Hoon Kim, Sang Hyun Yoon, Gun Min Kim, Hei-Cheul Jeung, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2010;42(2):77-81.   Published online June 30, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2010.42.2.77
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

With their prolonged survival and malnutrition, cancer patients, and especially gastrointestinal (GI) tract cancer patients, can develop Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE). The aim of this study is to remind physicians of the importance of WE and prompt management in patients with GI tract cancer.

Materials and Methods

This study is a retrospective review of 2 cases of WE in advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients, and we review the literature for cases of GI tract cancer related to WE.

Results

A 48-year-old female with AGC presented dizziness and diplopia for 5 days and a 20 kg weight loss. Neurologic exam showed nystagmus and gaze disturbance. Her symptoms improved after daily parenteral injection of thiamine 100 mg for 17 days. A 58-year-old female with AGC presented with sudden disorientation, confusion and 15 kg weight loss. Neurologic exam showed gaze limitation and mild ataxia. Despite daily parenteral injection of thiamine 100 mg for 4 days, she died 5 days after the onset of neurologic symptoms. Combining the cases noted in the literature review with our 2 cases, the 7 gastric cancer cases and 2 colorectal cancer cases related to WE showed similar clinical characteristics; 1) a history of long-period malnutrition and weight loss, 2) relatively typical neurologic signs and symptoms and 3) specific magnetic resonance image findings. Except for 2 patients who had irreversible neurologic symptoms, the other 7 patients were improved with prompt thiamine treatment.

Conclusion

It is important to consider WE in GI tract cancer patients with acute neurologic symptoms and who are in a state of malnutrition. Thiamine should be given as soon as possible when WE is suspected.

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Docetaxel versus Paclitaxel Combined with 5-FU and Leucovorin in Advanced Gastric Cancer: Combined Analysis of Two Phase II Trials
Hong Jae Chon, Sun Young Rha, Chong Kun Im, Chan Kim, Min Hee Hong, Hye Ryun Kim, Jung Ryun An, Sung Hoon Noh, Hyun Cheol Chung, Hei-Cheul Jeung
Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(4):196-204.   Published online December 31, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.4.196
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

This is an ad hoc analysis of two phase II studies which compared the efficacy and safety of two taxanes (paclitaxel and docetaxel) combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) in advanced gastric cancer.

Materials and Methods

Patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma who were untreated or had only received first-line chemotherapy, were treated with either paclitaxel (PFL; 175 mg/m2) or docetaxel (DFL; 75 mg/m2) on day 1, followed by a bolus of LV (20 mg/m2 days 1~3) and a 24-hour infusion of 5-FU (1,000 mg/m2 days 1~3) every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) and the secondary endpoint included survival and toxicity.

Results

Sixty-six patients received DFL (first-line [n=38]; and second-line [n=28]) and 60 patients received PFL (first-line [n=37]; and second-line [n=23]). The ORRs were not significantly different between the 2 groups (DFL, 26%; PFL, 38%). With a median follow-up of 9.5 months, the progression free survival was 5.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.2~6.5 months) for DFL and 3.3 months (95% CI, 1.3~5.5 months) for PFL (p=0.17). The overall survival was also comparable between the patients who received DFL and PFL (10.0 months [95% CI, 7.2~12.5 months] and 13.9 months [95% CI, 10.9~19.2 months], respectively; p=0.37). The most frequent grade 3~4 adverse event was neutropenia (DFL, 71%; PFL, 62%). DFL and PFL had different non-hematologic toxicities; specifically, grade ≥3 mucositis (5%) and diarrhea (3%) were common in DFL, while nausea/vomiting (15%) and peripheral neuropathy (5%) were common in PFL.

Conclusion

Thus, the two taxanes had similar efficacy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer, but different toxicity profiles. Prospective comparative studies are required to further clarify the role of taxanes in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer.

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Clinical Value of Ezrin Expression in Primary Osteosarcoma
Chan Kim, Eunah Shin, Soojung Hong, Hong Jae Chon, Hye Ryun Kim, Jung Ryun Ahn, Min Hee Hong, Woo Ick Yang, Jae Kyung Roh, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(3):138-144.   Published online September 28, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.3.138
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

Ezrin is a membrane cytoskeletal linker protein and it is known to be associated with metastasis of primary osteosarcoma. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between an ezrin expression and several key clinical parameters and to elucidate its potential prognostic value for patients with osteosarcoma.

Materials and Methods

Seventy patients with histologically confirmed osteosarcoma and who had no distant metastasis were enrolled between 1995 and 2005 at Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Korea. The clinical parameters were retrospectively reviewed and immunohistochemical staining (IHC) for ezrin was performed using the surgically resected specimens.

Results

Of the 70 tumor specimens, 39 (55.7%) revealed an ezrin expression. More of an osteoblastic histology and an elevated initial ALP level were observed in the ezrin positive patients than in the ezrin negative patients (p=0.008 and 0.001, respectively). The proportion of patients who favorably responded to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (≥90% necrosis) was significantly higher in the group of ezrin positive patients than that in the group of ezrin negative patient (72.2% vs 45.2%, respectively, p=0.024). The ezrin positive patients showed more frequent recurrence than did the ezrin negative patients (64.1% vs 35.5%, respectively, p=0.017). The patients with an ezrin expression also demonstrated poorer survival than did those patients without ezrin expression (5-year EFS: 31.7% vs 61.3%, respectively, p=0.023, 5-year OS: 53.4% vs 71.0%, respectively, p=0.022). When comparing EFS according to both an ezrin expression and chemoresponsiveness, there were trends that the ezrin negative/chemoresponsive group showed the best 5-year EFS (71.4%), followed by the ezrin negative/chemoresistant group (52.9%), the ezrin positive/chemoresponsive group (38.1%) and the ezrin positive/chemoresistant group (13.6%). These trends were statistically significant (p=0.036).

Conclusion

The expression of ezrin by IHC staining was found in 55.7% of the patients with metastasis-free osteosarcoma. Immunoreactivity to ezrin is a negative prognostic factor for survival for the patients suffering with osteosarcoma. Identifying an ezrin expression might offer a valuable piece of information when treating patients with primary osteosarcoma.

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Prognosis of pN3 Stage Gastric Cancer
Jung Ryun Ahn, Minkyu Jung, Chan Kim, Min Hee Hong, Hong Jae Chon, Hye Ryun Kim, Hei-Cheul Jeung, Woo Jin Hyung, Sung Sook Lee, Hyun Cheol Chung, Sung Hoon Noh, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(2):73-79.   Published online June 30, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.2.73
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

The aim of this study was to determine the prognosis of pN3 stage gastric cancer patients after they have undergone curative resection, and we also wanted to identify the prognostic factors according to the clinico-pathologic features.

Materials and Methods

Between January 2000 and December 2004, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the patients with histologically confirmed pN3 stage gastric cancer. They underwent both gastrectomy and lymphadenectomy with a curative aim. We categorized the pN3 stage patients into 2 groups; one with pN3 only (pN3M0) and the other with pN3 combined with M1 stage (pN3M1) that included peritoneal seeding, hepatic metastasis or para-aortic LN metastasis.

Results

Out of 467 patients with stage IV gastric adenocarcinoma who received surgery, 260 patients underwent curative resection and they were pathologically staged as N3. Among these 260 patients, 78 patients were classified as the pN3/M1 stage. For all the patients, the median follow-up period was 19 months (range: 1~108 months) and the median overall survival time was 16.2 months (95% CI, 14.1~18.3%). The 5-year survival rate of the pN3/M0 group was significantly higher than that of the pN3/M1 group (12.6% vs. 2.6%, respectively, p<0.0001). The identified predictor for a worse prognosis was an advanced T4 stage (HR: 3.38, 95% CI, 1.4~8.3, p=0.008) for the pN3 patients.

Conclusion

The survival for the pN3 gastric cancer patients after curative gastrectomy was significantly longer in the pN3/M0 group as compared to that of the pN3/M1 group. An advanced T stage was a predictor for a poor prognosis for the pN3 patients. Therefore, diverse treatment strategies for these heterogeneous pN3 gastric cancer patients are needed for improving their survival.

Citations

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