Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Lung and Thoracic cancer

Normal Brain-Sparing Radiotherapy versus Whole Brain Radiotherapy for Multiple Brain Metastasis from Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Sangjoon Park, Jaeho Cho, Kyung Hwan Kim, Hong In Yoon, Chang Geol Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(3):720-730. Published online December 3, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.679

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Purpose
The efficacy and lower neurotoxicity of normal brain-sparing radiotherapy (NBS-RT) with systemic therapy in treating multiple brain metastases from non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is underexplored. This study compares whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) and NBS-RT for multiple brain metastases in NSCLC, focusing on treatment outcomes and leukoencephalopathy.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective study included 503 patients with NSCLC with multiple brain metastases at a single center, treated with either WBRT or NBS-RT. Post-RT treatments included chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy. Main outcomes measured were intracranial control, overall survival (OS), and leukoencephalopathy incidence.
Results
In this study, 441 patients received WBRT and 62 received NBS-RT, with median ages of 62 and 61 years, respectively. A significant portion of both groups, 77.3% in WBRT and 80.6% in NBS-RT, received post-RT systemic therapy. The median number of brain metastases was 10 for WBRT and 12 for NBS-RT, with median maximal diameters of 11.7 mm in WBRT and 14.4 mm in NBS-RT. After a median follow-up of 10.9 months for WBRT and 11.8 months for NBS-RT, there were no significant differences in intracranial progression (p=0.516) or OS (p=0.492) between the groups. However, WBRT patients had a higher incidence of leukoencephalopathy than NBS-RT patients (p=0.013).
Conclusion
NBS-RT combined with systemic therapy was as effective in treating multiple brain metastases as WBRT and was less toxic. NBS-RT-based strategies deserve further investigation in a prospective setting.

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circ_PPAPDC1A is Associated with Brain Metastasis of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer via the miR-30a-3p/SPOCK1 Pathway
Fang-wen Zou, Sheng-hao Shi, Chenhao Wu, Zhe-ming Zhang, Cong Liu, Yun-fei Li, Shun Xu, Shi-Ze Yang, Zheng-hua Liu
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2026; 33(2): 1760. CrossRef
Brain metastasis in head and neck cancer: an analysis of 201 cases
Junhui Yuan, Hao Li, Wei Du, Dairong Cao
Frontiers in Oncology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Characteristics and Treatment Advances of Postoperative Brain Metastasis in Different Lung Cancer Histological Types
Changming Dong, Xuebin Yu, Wuqiao Bao
Current Problems in Surgery.2025; : 101785. CrossRef

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CNS cancer

To Use or Not to Use: Temozolomide in Elderly Patients with IDH Wild-Type MGMT Promoter Unmethylated Glioblastoma Treated with Radiotherapy: Chan Woo Wee, Joo Ho Lee, Hye In Lee, Jina Kim, Jong Hee Chang, Seok-Gu Kang, Eui Hyun Kim, Ju Hyung Moon, Jaeho Cho, Chul-Kee Park, Chae-Yong Kim, Kihwan Hwang, Hong In Yoon, In Ah Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(3):693-700. Published online November 11, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.945

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Purpose
This study aimed to identify a specific subgroup of patients among elderly glioblastoma patients aged 70 years or older with unmethylated O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoters (eGBM-unmethylated) who would significantly benefit from the addition of temozolomide (TMZ) to radiotherapy (RT).
Materials and Methods
Newly diagnosed patients with Isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type eGBM-unmethylated treated with RT were included in this multicenter analysis (n=182). RT dose was 45 Gy in 15 fractions (62.3%), 60 Gy in 30 fractions, or 61.2 Gy in 34 fractions. For patients treated with RT plus TMZ (60.4%), TMZ was administered concurrently with RT, followed by six adjuvant cycles. The primary endpoint was overall survival.
Results
During a median follow-up of 11.3 months for survivors, the median survival was 12.2 months. The median survival duration significantly improved with the addition of TMZ to RT compared with that with RT alone (13.6 months vs. 10.5 months, p=0.028). In the multivariable analysis adjusted for clinical, radiological, and genetic biomarkers, the addition of TMZ significantly improved overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.459; p=0.006). In subgroup analysis, median survival was especially improved by 4-5 months in patients with residual disease (p < 0.001), Karnofsky performance status ≥ 60 (p=0.033), and age ≤ 75 years (p=0.090). A significant benefit of TMZ was noted only in patients with two or three of the above factors (median survival, 14.1 months vs. 10.5 months; p=0.014).
Conclusion
The addition of TMZ significantly improved the survival of patients with eGBM-unmethylated treated with RT. The suggested criteria for the specific subgroup in these patients warrant external validation for clinical application.

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Age is not enough: Clinical and therapeutic predictors of survival in elderly patients with de novo glioblastoma
Raquel Gutiérrez-González, Zulema Herrero, Ana Royuela, Victor Bello, Paula Moreno, Alvaro Zamarron
Neuro-Oncology Advances.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Multi-Omics and Machine Learning Analyses Reveal PIK3CG, PRKCD, and TRIM22 as Potential Markers of Poor Prognosis and Immune Activation in Glioblastoma
Myung-Hoon Han, Yung-Kyun Noh, Hyunkee Kim, Kyu Shik Kim, Dong-Hoon Kim, Un Suk Jung, Kyung Suk Lee, Mi Jung Kwon, Seoung Wan Chae, Kyueng-Whan Min
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2026;[Epub] CrossRef

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Lung and Thoracic cancer

Unraveling the Impact of Sarcopenia-Induced Lymphopenia on Treatment Response and Prognosis in Patients with Stage III Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Insights for Optimizing Chemoradiation and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor: Joongyo Lee, Kyung Hwan Kim, Jina Kim, Chang Geol Lee, Jaeho Cho, Hong In Yoon, Yeona Cho; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(2):422-433. Published online October 30, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.493

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Purpose
Sarcopenia is a poor prognostic factor in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its prognostic significance in patients with NSCLC receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and its relationship with lymphopenia remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the prognostic role of sarcopenia and its effect on lymphocyte recovery in patients with stage III NSCLC treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) followed by ICI.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 151 patients with stage III NSCLC who received definitive CCRT followed by maintenance ICI between January 2016 and June 2022. Sarcopenia was evaluated by measuring the skeletal muscle area at the L3 vertebra level using computed tomography scans. Lymphocyte level changes were assessed based on measurements taken before and during CCRT and at 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months post-CCRT completion.
Results
Even after adjusting for baseline absolute lymphocyte count through propensity score-matching, patients with pre-radiotherapy (RT) sarcopenia (n=86) exhibited poor lymphocyte recovery and a significantly high incidence of grade ≥ 3 lymphopenia during CCRT. Pre-RT sarcopenia and grade ≥ 3 lymphopenia during CCRT emerged as prognostic factors for overall survival and progression-free survival, respectively. Concurrent chemotherapy dose adjustments, objective response after CCRT, and discontinuation of maintenance ICI were also analyzed as independent prognostic factors.
Conclusion
Our results demonstrated an association between pre-RT sarcopenia and poor survival, concurrent chemotherapy dose adjustments, and impaired lymphocyte recovery after definitive CCRT. Moreover, CCRT-induced lymphopenia not only contributed to poor prognosis but may have also impaired the therapeutic efficacy of subsequent maintenance ICI, ultimately worsening treatment outcomes.

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Baseline Lymphopenia Predicts Survival in ICI-Naïve Solid Tumor Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Propensity-Matched Real-World Pan-Cancer Analysis
Ahmed Ismail, Nina Balanchivadze, George R. Simon, Yanis Boumber
Cancers.2026; 18(12): 1940. CrossRef
Phenotypic characterization and prevalence of preoperative respiratory sarcopenia in Chinese patients with resectable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer: A two-center cross-sectional study
Zhu-zhu Wang, Rui-feng Tang, Jin-yu He, Ya-lan Tang, Qing Hong, Qin Xu, Tian Zhang, Jing-fang Hong
European Journal of Surgical Oncology.2026; 52(9): 111968. CrossRef
Effects of Sarcopenia on the Outcomes and Safety of Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Durvalumab for the Treatment of Patients With Locally Advanced Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer
Kentaro Tamura, Hidehito Horinouchi, Mototaka Miyake, Ken Masuda, Yuki Shinno, Yusuke Okuma, Tatsuya Yoshida, Noboru Yamamoto, Yasushi Goto
Thoracic Cancer.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Patient-related factors in advanced lung cancer: A review of ECOG-PS, malnutrition, and sarcopenia
Shun Matsuura
Respiratory Investigation.2025; 63(6): 1250. CrossRef

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CNS cancer

Choosing Wisely between Radiotherapy Dose-Fractionation Schedules: The Molecular Graded Prognostic Assessment for Elderly Glioblastoma Patients: Hye In Lee, Jina Kim, In Ah Kim, Joo Ho Lee, Jaeho Cho, Rifaquat Rahman, Geoffrey Fell, Chan Woo Wee, Hong In Yoon; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(2):378-386. Published online September 11, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.680

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Purpose
This study aimed to develop a graded prognostic assessment (GPA) model integrating genomic characteristics for elderly patients with glioblastoma (eGBM), and to compare the efficacy of different radiotherapy schedules.
Materials and Methods
This multi-institutional retrospective study included patients aged ≥ 65 years who underwent surgical resection followed by radiotherapy with or without temozolomide (TMZ) for newly diagnosed eGBM. Based on the significant factors identified in the multivariate analysis for overall survival (OS), the molecular GPA for eGBM (eGBM-molGPA) was established.
Results
A total of 334 and 239 patients who underwent conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT) and hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) were included, respectively, with 86% of patients receiving TMZ-based chemoradiation. With a median follow-up of 17.4 months (range, 3.3 to 149.9 months), the median OS was 18.7 months for CFRT+TMZ group, 15.1 months for HFRT+TMZ group, and 10.4 months for radiotherapy alone group (CFRT+TMZ vs. HFRT+TMZ: hazard ratio [HR], 1.52; p < 0.001 and CFRT+TMZ vs. radiotherapy alone: HR, 2.52; p < 0.001). In a combined analysis with the NOA-08 and Nordic trials, CFRT+TMZ group exhibited the highest survival rates among all treatment groups. The eGBM-molGPA, which integrated four clinical and three molecular parameters, stratified patients into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups. CFRT+TMZ significantly improved OS compared to HFRT+TMZ or radiotherapy alone in the low-risk (p=0.023) and intermediate-risk groups (p < 0.001). However, in the high-risk group, there was no significant difference in OS between treatment options (p=0.770).
Conclusion
CFRT+TMZ may be more effective than HFRT+TMZ or radiotherapy alone for selected eGBM patients. The novel eGBM-molGPA model can guide treatment selection for this patient population.

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Hypofractionated vs. conventional fractionated radiotherapy in the temozolomide era for elderly patients with glioblastoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis by the Korean Society for Neuro-Oncology
Eunji Kim, Hye In Lee, Tae Hoon Roh, Young Zoon Kim, Do Hoon Lim, Se Jin Cho, Kihwan Hwang, Chan Woo Wee
Journal of Neuro-Oncology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparative analysis of outcome, recurrence patterns, and dosimetry in glioblastoma patients treated according to RTOG versus EORTC contouring guidelines
Gero Wieger, Patricia Meixner, Alicia Bicu, Frederik M Glatting, Frank A Giordano, Arne Mathias Ruder
Neuro-Oncology Practice.2026; 13(2): 301. CrossRef
Efficacy and safety of hypofractionated radiotherapy for melanoma brain metastases: a retrospective study
Yacheng Wang, Heng Zhang, Zibo Tang, Dehua Kang, Weihao Xie, Xiaoshi Zhang, Lixia Lu
Frontiers in Oncology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Hypofractionated MR-guided radiotherapy for glioblastoma: Institutional online adaptive workflow using MR-linac
Alonso La Rosa, Giorgia Yang, Beatriz Moreno, Laura Zaragoza, Inmaculada Navarro, Concepción Huertas, Carlos Ferrer, Raúl Matute, Ana Castaño, Patricia Arroyo, Beatriz Sánchez, Daniel Camacho, Silvia Lago, Juan Camilo Urrea, Moisés Sáez, Rosa Morera
Medical Dosimetry.2026;[Epub] CrossRef

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Genitourinary cancer

Optimal Definition of Biochemical Recurrence in Patients Who Receive Salvage Radiotherapy Following Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer: Sung Uk Lee, Jae-Sung Kim, Young Seok Kim, Jaeho Cho, Seo Hee Choi, Taek-Keun Nam, Song Mi Jeong, Youngkyong Kim, Youngmin Choi, Dong Eun Lee, Won Park, Kwan Ho Cho; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(4):1191-1199. Published online December 7, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.985

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Purpose
This study proposed the optimal definition of biochemical recurrence (BCR) after salvage radiotherapy (SRT) following radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer.
Materials and Methods
Among 1,117 patients who had received SRT, data from 205 hormone-naïve patients who experienced post-SRT prostate-specific antigen (PSA) elevation were included in a multi-institutional database. The primary endpoint was to determine the PSA parameters predictive of distant metastasis (DM). Absolute serum PSA levels and the prostate-specific antigen doubling time (PSA-DT) were adopted as PSA parameters.
Results
When BCR was defined based on serum PSA levels ranging from 0.4 ng/mL to nadir+2.0 ng/mL, the 5-year probability of DM was 27.6%-33.7%. The difference in the 5-year probability of DM became significant when BCR was defined as a serum PSA level of 0.8 ng/ml or higher (1.0-2.0 ng/mL). Application of a serum PSA level of ≥ 0.8 ng/mL yielded a c-index value of 0.589. When BCR was defined based on the PSA-DT, the 5-year probability was 22.7%-39.4%. The difference was significant when BCR was defined as a PSA-DT ≤ 3 months and ≤ 6 months. Application of a PSA-DT ≤ 6 months yielded the highest c-index (0.660). These two parameters complemented each other; for patients meeting both PSA parameters, the probability of DM was 39.5%-44.5%; for those not meeting either parameter, the probability was 0.0%-3.1%.
Conclusion
A serum PSA level > 0.8 ng/mL was a reasonable threshold for the definition of BCR after SRT. In addition, a PSA-DT ≤ 6 months was significantly predictive of subsequent DM, and combined application of both parameters enhanced predictability.

Citations

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Effects of silybin on triptorelin-induced bone metabolic abnormalities in prostate cancer revealed based on TMT-based proteomics
Jianhui Li, Xuejiao Lv, Ying Jiang, Sudarshan Kasireddy
PLOS One.2026; 21(1): e0341064. CrossRef
Beyond the tumor: recurrence-prone radiomics for prognostication in negative PSMA PET/CT scans of prostate cancer
Fereshteh Yousefirizi, Sara Harsini, Mobin Mohebi, Ian Alberts, Tahir Yusufaly, Monica Luo, Hamid Abdollahi, Elmira Yazdani, Soheila Mirabedin, Maziar Sabouri, Parham Geramifar, Peyman Sheikhzadeh, Patrick Martineau, Don Wilson, François Bénard, Carlos Ur
Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express.2026; 12(4): 045011. CrossRef
Expert consensus recommendations for the management of biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer: a Delphi study across clinical scenarios
Fernando López Campos, Felipe Couñago, Juan Antonio Vallejo, Antoni Vilaseca, Daniel Pérez Fentes
Clinical and Translational Oncology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
New Prostate MRI Scoring Systems (PI-QUAL, PRECISE, PI-RR, and PI-FAB): AJR Expert Panel Narrative Review
Adriano B. Dias, Silvia D. Chang, Fiona M. Fennessy, Soleen Ghafoor, Sangeet Ghai, Valeria Panebianco, Andrei S. Purysko, Francesco Giganti
American Journal of Roentgenology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy and postoperative radiotherapy: current evidence and controversial issues
Mattia Longoni, Fabian Falkenbach, Markus Graefen, Tobias Maurer, Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Francesco Montorsi, Alberto Briganti, Giorgio Gandaglia
Current Opinion in Urology.2025; 35(5): 510. CrossRef
Radiation Therapy for Local or Biochemical Recurrence Following Radical Prostatectomy in Patients with Prostate Cancer
Hiroki Nishiyama, Gen Kawaguchi, Kozue Ito, Go Hasegawa, Yohei Ikeda, Noboru Hara, Tsutomu Nishiyama
Research and Reports in Urology.2025; Volume 17: 327. CrossRef
Prostate-specific Antigen Nadir and Time to Nadir Predict Recurrence in Postprostatectomy Patients Treated with Salvage Radiotherapy Without Androgen Deprivation Therapy
Federico Mastroleo, Riccardo Villa, Mattia Zaffaroni, Maria Giulia Vincini, Ciro Franzese, Luca Nicosia, Fabio Matrone, Alessandra Donofrio, Alessandro Magli, Luca Triggiani, Salvina Barra, Giorgia Timon, Matteo Augugliaro, Vincenzo Burgio, Giulio Francol
European Urology Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
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Laura Evangelista, Fabio Zattoni, Marta Burei, Daniele Bertin, Eugenio Borsatti, Tanja Baresic, Mohsen Farsad, Emanuela Trenti, Mirco Bartolomei, Stefano Panareo, Luca Urso, Giuseppe Trifirò, Elisabetta Brugola, Franca Chierichetti, Davide Donner, Lucia S
Journal of Nuclear Medicine.2024; 65(7): 1013. CrossRef
Comparison of the Effects of DOTA and NOTA Chelators on 64Cu-Cudotadipep and 64Cu-Cunotadipep for Prostate Cancer
Inki Lee, Min Hwan Kim, Kyongkyu Lee, Keumrok Oh, Hyunwoo Lim, Jae Hun Ahn, Yong Jin Lee, Gi Jeong Cheon, Dae Yoon Chi, Sang Moo Lim
Diagnostics.2023; 13(16): 2649. CrossRef

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CNS cancer

Survival, Prognostic Factors, and Volumetric Analysis of Extent of Resection for Anaplastic Gliomas: Je Beom Hong, Tae Hoon Roh, Seok-Gu Kang, Se Hoon Kim, Ju Hyung Moon, Eui Hyun Kim, Sung Soo Ahn, Hye Jin Choi, Jaeho Cho, Chang-Ok Suh, Jong Hee Chang; Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(4):1041-1049. Published online April 23, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.057

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Purpose
The aim of this study is to evaluate the survival rate and prognostic factors of anaplastic gliomas according to the 2016 World Health Organization classification, including extent of resection (EOR) as measured by contrast-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the T2-weighted MRI.
Materials and Methods
The records of 113 patients with anaplastic glioma who were newly diagnosed at our institute between 2000 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. There were 62 cases (54.9%) of anaplastic astrocytoma, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type (AAw), 18 cases (16.0%) of anaplastic astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, and 33 cases (29.2%) of anaplastic oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted.
Results
The median overall survival (OS) was 48.4 months in the whole anaplastic glioma group and 21.5 months in AAw group. In multivariate analysis, age, preoperative Karnofsky Performance Scale score, O⁶-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation status, postoperative tumor volume, and EOR measured from the T2 MRI sequence were significant prognostic factors. The EOR cut-off point for OS measured in contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRI and T2-weighted MRI were 99.96% and 85.64%, respectively.
Conclusions
We found that complete resection of the contrast-enhanced portion (99.96%) and more than 85.64% resection of the non-enhanced portion of the tumor have prognostic impacts on patient survival from anaplastic glioma.

Citations

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IDH-mutant gliomas arise from glial progenitor cells harboring the initial driver mutation
Jung Won Park, Jiehoon Kwak, Keon-Woo Kim, Saehoon Jung, Chang Hyun Nam, Hyun Jung Kim, Sang Mee Lee, Chanho Choi, Yongjin Ahn, Ji-Hyung Park, Jihwan Yoo, Jin-Kyoung Shim, Hye Joung Cho, Eui-Hyun Kim, Chungyeul Kim, Sangjeong Ahn, Stefan Pusch, Andreas vo
Science.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Maximizing outcomes in diffusely infiltrative gliomas: A systematic review of surgical innovations and molecular predictors
Jheremy Sebastian Reyes Barreto, Cristian Sebastian Cabezas Varela, Juan Sebastian Aguirre Patiño, David Fernando Estupiñan Pepinosa, Nikolas Correa Molina, Paola Andrea Niño Muñoz, Juan Pablo Quintero Ruiz, Maria Fernanda Cordoba Gallego, Raul Fernando V
Acta Neurológica Colombiana.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
AQP1 as a novel biomarker to predict prognosis and tumor immunity in glioma patients
Xiang Gao, Wenqu Jiang, Guofeng Zhu, Zelong Xing, Pengbo Zhu, Zunliang Ke, Qiwei Huang
Oncologie.2024; 26(1): 117. CrossRef
Decapping enzyme 2 is a novel immune-related biomarker that predicts poor prognosis in glioma
Yuran Mei, Qiaoli Lv, Zilong Tan, Zhe Zhang, Yulong Ji, Shuhui Chen, Xiaoli Shen
Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews.2024; 40(4): 4262. CrossRef
Decision system for extent of resection in WHO grade 3 gliomas: a Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas database analysis
Ziming Hou, Jie Hu, Xing Liu, Zeya Yan, Kenan Zhang, Shengyu Fang, Tao Jiang, Yinyan Wang
Journal of Neuro-Oncology.2023; 164(2): 461. CrossRef
The Impact of Extent of Resection on the Prognosis of Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Dipak Chaulagain, Volodymyr Smolanka, Andriy Smolanka, Sunil Munakomi
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences.2022; 10(F): 345. CrossRef
Relative T2-FLAIR signal intensity surrounding residual cavity is associated with survival prognosis in patients with lower-grade gliomas
Tao Yuan, Zhen Gao, Fei Wang, Jia-Liang Ren, Tianda Wang, Hongbo Zhong, Guodong Gao, Guanmin Quan
Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
SLC39A1 contribute to malignant progression and have clinical prognostic impact in gliomas
Peng Wang, Jingjing Zhang, Shuai He, Boan Xiao, Xiaobin Peng
Cancer Cell International.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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Clinical Outcomes of Postoperative Radiotherapy Following Radical Prostatectomy in Patients with Localized Prostate Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Study (KROG 18-01) of a Korean Population: Sung Uk Lee, Kwan Ho Cho, Won Park, Won Kyung Cho, Jae-Sung Kim, Chan Woo Wee, Young Seok Kim, Jin Ho Kim, Taek-Keun Nam, Jaeho Cho, Song Mi Jeong, Youngkyong Kim, Su Jung Shim, Youngmin Choi, Jun-Sang Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(1):167-180. Published online June 25, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.126

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer.
Materials and Methods
Localized prostate cancer patients who received PORT after radical prostatectomy between 2001 and 2012 were identified retrospectively in a multi-institutional database. In total, 1,117 patients in 19 institutions were included. Biochemical failure after PORT was defined as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ≥ nadir+2 after PORT or initiation of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for increasing PSA regardless of its value.
Results
Ten-year biochemical failure-free survival, clinical failure-free survival, distant metastasisfree survival, overall survival (OS), and cause-specific survival were 60.5%, 76.2%, 84.4%, 91.1%, and 96.6%, respectively, at a median of 84 months after PORT. Pre-PORT PSA ≤ 0.5 ng/ml and Gleason’s score ≤ 7 predicted favorable clinical outcomes, with 10-year OS rates of 92.5% and 94.1%, respectively. The 10-year OS rate was 82.7% for patients with a PSA > 1.0 ng/mL and 86.0% for patients with a Gleason score of 8-10. The addition of longterm ADT (≥ 12 months) to PORT improved OS, particularly in those with a Gleason score of 8-10 or ≥ T3b.
Conclusion
Clinical outcomes of PORT in a Korean prostate cancer population were very similar to those in Western countries. Lower Gleason score and serum PSA level at the time of PORT were significantly associated with favorable outcomes. Addition of long-term ADT (≥ 12 months) to PORT should be considered, particularly in unfavorable risk patients with Gleason scores of 8-10 or ≥ T3b.

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Delayed Salvage Radiation Therapy Guided by Contrast-Enhanced Local and Whole-Body Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging During Prostate-Specific-Antigen-Based Surveillance After Radical Prostatectomy: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Tadashi Matsumoto, Shoji Morishita, Tomohiko Matsuyama, Kazuhiro Katahira, Yasuyuki Hamada, Kazumasa Hara, Shinsuke Hamada, Chikako Awazu, Takahiro Otsuka, Shigeo Yamada, Hirohito Otsuka, Takahiro Watakabe, Yoshiyuki Fukugawa, Natsuo Oya
Advances in Radiation Oncology.2026; 11(11): 102123. CrossRef
Optimal Definition of Biochemical Recurrence in Patients Who Receive Salvage Radiotherapy Following Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer
Sung Uk Lee, Jae-Sung Kim, Young Seok Kim, Jaeho Cho, Seo Hee Choi, Taek-Keun Nam, Song Mi Jeong, Youngkyong Kim, Youngmin Choi, Dong Eun Lee, Won Park, Kwan Ho Cho
Cancer Research and Treatment.2022; 54(4): 1191. CrossRef
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Satish Chandra Mishra
Journal of Medical Ethics.2021; 47(3): 152. CrossRef
Clinical Outcome of Salvage Radiotherapy for Locoregional Clinical Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy
Sung Uk Lee, Kwan Ho Cho, Jin Ho Kim, Young Seok Kim, Taek-Keun Nam, Jae-Sung Kim, Jaeho Cho, Seo Hee Choi, Su Jung Shim, Jin Hee Kim, Ah Ram Chang
Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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Patterns of Failure Following Multimodal Treatment for Medulloblastoma: Long-Term Follow-up Results at a Single Institution: Dong Soo Lee, Jaeho Cho, Se Hoon Kim, Dong-Seok Kim, Kyu Won Shim, Chuhl Joo Lyu, Jung Woo Han, Chang-Ok Suh; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):879-888. Published online December 8, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.067

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Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the long-term results and appropriateness of radiation therapy (RT) for medulloblastoma (MB) at a single institution. Materials and Methods We analyzed the clinical outcomes of 106 patients with MB who received RT between January 1992 and October 2009. The median age was 7 years (range, 0 to 50 years), and the proportion of M0, M1, M2, and M3 stages was 60.4%, 8.5%, 4.7%, and 22.6%, respectively. The median total craniospinal irradiation (CSI) and posterior fossa tumor bed dose in 102 patients (96.2%) treated with CSI was 36 Gy and 54 Gy, respectively. Results The median follow-up period in survivors was 132 months (range, 31 to 248 months). A gradual improvement in survival outcomes was observed, with 5-year overall survival rates of 61.5% in 1990s increasing to 73.6% in 2000s. A total of 29 recurrences (27.4%) developed at the following sites: five (17.2%) in the tumor bed; five (17.2%) in the posterior fossa other than the tumor bed; nine (31%) in the supratentorium; and six (20.7%) in the spinal subarachnoid space only. The four remaining patients showed multiple site recurrences. Among 12 supratentorial recurrences, five cases recurred in the subfrontal areas. Although the frequency of posterior fossa/tumor bed recurrences was significantly high among patients treated with subtotal resection, other site (other intracranial/spinal) recurrences were more common among patients treated with gross tumor removal (p=0.016). There was no case of spinal subarachnoid space relapse from desmoplastic/extensive nodular histological subtypes. Conclusion Long-term follow-up results and patterns of failure confirmed the importance of optimal RT dose and field arrangement. More tailored multimodal strategies and proper CSI technique may be the cornerstones for improving treatment outcomes in MB patients.

Citations

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Remote Supratentorial Recurrent Medulloblastoma: Case Study and Literature Review
Asimina Dominari, Elias Antoniades, Antonio Capiccelo, Emmanuil Hatzipantelis, Nikolaos Foroglou
Asian Journal of Neurosurgery.2022; 17(02): 286. CrossRef
Sequential improvement in paediatric medulloblastoma outcomes in a low-and-middle-income country setting over three decades
Johann Riedemann, Anthony Figaji, Alan Davidson, Clare Stannard, Komala Pillay, Tracy Kilborn, Jeannette Parkes
South African Journal of Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Multifocal recurrence of medulloblastoma: a long follow-up case study
Benny Zulkarnaien, Edwin Suharlim, Eka Susanto, Soehartati Argadikoesoema Gondhowiardjo
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