Cancer Research and Treatment

Erratum

ERRATUM: Caveolin-1 Modulates Docetaxel-Induced Cell Death in Breast Cancer Cell Subtypes through Different Mechanisms: Jinho Kang, Joo Hee Park, Hye Jin Lee, Ukhyun Jo, Jong Kuk Park, Jae Hong Seo, Yeul Hong Kim, Insun Kim, Kyong Hwa Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(3):1257-1257. Published online June 5, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.227.2; Corrects: Cancer Res Treat 2016;48(2):715

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Original Articles

An Open-Label, Randomized, Parallel, Phase III Trial Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Polymeric Micelle-Formulated Paclitaxel Compared to Conventional Cremophor EL-Based Paclitaxel for Recurrent or Metastatic HER2-Negative Breast Cancer: In Hae Park, Joo Hyuk Sohn, Sung Bae Kim, Keun Seok Lee, Joo Seop Chung, Soo Hyeon Lee, Tae You Kim, Kyung Hae Jung, Eun Kyung Cho, Yang Soo Kim, Hong Suk Song, Jae Hong Seo, Hun Mo Ryoo, Sun Ah Lee, So Young Yoon, Chul Soo Kim, Yong Tai Kim, Si Young Kim, Mi Ryung Jin, Jungsil Ro; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(3):569-577. Published online September 12, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.289

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Purpose
Genexol-PM is a Cremophor EL–free formulation of low-molecular-weight, non-toxic, and biodegradable polymeric micelle-bound paclitaxel. We conducted a phase III study comparing the clinical efficacy and toxicity of Genexol-PM with conventional paclitaxel (Genexol).
Materials and Methods
Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive Genexol-PM 260 mg/m² or Genexol 175 mg/m² intravenously every 3 weeks. The primary outcome was the objective response rate (ORR).
Results
The study enrolled 212 patients, of whom 105 were allocated to receive Genexol-PM. The mean received dose intensity of Genexol-PM was 246.8±21.3 mg/m² (95.0%), and that of Genexol was 168.3±10.6 mg/m² (96.2%). After a median follow-up of 24.5 months (range, 0.0 to 48.7 months), the ORR of Genexol-PM was 39.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 31.2 to 46.9) and the ORR of Genexol was 24.3% (95% CI, 17.5 to 31.1) (p_{non-inferiority}=0.021, p_superiority=0.016). The two groups did not differ significantly in overall survival (28.8 months for Genexol-PM vs. 23.8 months for Genexol; p=0.52) or progression-free survival (8.0 months for Genexol-PM vs. 6.7 months for Genexol; p=0.26). In both groups, the most common toxicities were neutropenia, with 68.6% occurrence in the Genexol-PM group versus 40.2% in the Genexol group (p < 0.01). The incidences of peripheral neuropathy of greater than grade 2 did not differ significantly between study treatments.
Conclusion
Compared with standard paclitaxel, Genexol-PM demonstrated non-inferior and even superior clinical efficacy with a manageable safety profile in patients with metastatic breast cancer.

Citations

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Feasibility and Efficacy of Eribulin Mesilate in Korean Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer: Korean Multi-center Phase IV Clinical Study Results: Yeon Hee Park, Tae Yong Kim, Young-Hyuck Im, Keun-Seok Lee, In Hae Park, Joohyuk Sohn, Soo-Hyeon Lee, Seock-Ah Im, Jee Hyun Kim, Se Hyun Kim, Soo Jung Lee, Su-Jin Koh, Ki Hyeong Lee, Yoon Ji Choi, Eun Kyung Cho, Suee Lee, Seok Yun Kang, Jae Hong Seo, Sung-Bae Kim, Kyung Hae Jung; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(2):423-429. Published online August 3, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.191

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Eribulin mesilate was approved for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer (MBC),who had received at least two chemotherapeutic regimens, including anthracycline and taxane. On the other hand, the efficacy and safety information of eribulin in Korean patients is limited by the lack of clinical trials.
Materials and Methods
In this multicenter, open-label, single-arm, phase IV study, locally advanced or MBC patients were enrolled between June 2013 and April 2014 from 14 centers in Korea. One point four mg/m2 dose of eribulin was administered on days 1 and 8 of every 21 days. The primary endpoint was the frequency and intensity of the treatment emergent adverse event. The secondary endpoint was the disease control rate, which included the rate of complete responses, partial responses, and stable disease.
Results
A total of 101 patients received at least one dose of eribulin and were included in the safety set. The patients received a total of 543 treatment cycles, with a median of three cycles (range, 1 to 31 cycles). The most common adverse event was neutropenia (91.1% of patients, 48.3% of cycles). The frequent non-hematological adverse events included alopecia, decrease in appetite, fatigue/asthenia, and myalgia/arthralgia. The peripheral neuropathy of any grade occurred in 27 patients (26.7%), including grade 3 in two patients. Disease control rate was 52.7% and 51.3% of patients in the full analysis set and per-protocol set, respectively.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated the feasible safety profile and activity of eribulin in Korean patients with MBC.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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Caveolin-1 Modulates Docetaxel-Induced Cell Death in Breast Cancer Cell Subtypes through Different Mechanisms: Jinho Kang, Joo Hee Park, Hye Jin Lee, Ukhyun Jo, Jong Kuk Park, Jae Hong Seo, Yeul Hong Kim, Insun Kim, Kyong Hwa Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(2):715-726. Published online September 21, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.227; Correction in: Cancer Res Treat 2019;51(3):1257

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) expression is more associated with basal-like cancers than estrogen receptor- or ErbB-2–expressing breast cancers. However, the biological relevance of different levels of CAV-1 expression according to subtype in the epithelial compartment of breast cancer remains unclear.
Materials and Methods
We investigated whether CAV-1 functions as a tumor suppressor and/or modulator of the cytotoxic activity of docetaxel (DTX) in subtypes of breast cancer using in vitro and xenograft models.
Results
The levels of CAV-1 expression were closely associated with DTX sensitivity in triple-negative breast cancer cells. In addition, CAV-1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and modulated DTX-induced apoptosis through cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. The mechanisms underlying DTX-induced apoptosis differed in breast cancers according to the levels of CAV- 1 expression. DTX robustly enhanced Bcl-2 inactivation by CAV-1 in MDA-MB-231 cells, while p53-mediated cell cycle arrest by DTX was more pronounced in CAV-1–low but p53-functional MCF-7 cells. In parallel with the data from breast cancer cell lines, CAV-1–transfected MCF-7 cells showed higher efficacy of DTX treatment in a xenograft model.
Conclusion
We clearly demonstrated cooperative effects between CAV-1 and DTX in mediating apoptosis, suggesting that the levels of CAV-1 expression might be an important indicator for DTX use in breast cancer.

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Bio-Pathological Functions of Posttranslational Modifications of Histological Biomarkers in Breast Cancer
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Alessandro Bittoni, Riccardo Giampieri, Federica Pecci, Giada Pinterpe, Alessandra Mandolesi, Michela Del Prete, Antonio Zizzi, Sonia Crocetti, Carolina Liguori, Giulia Mentrasti, Luca Cantini, Chiara Pellei, Renato Bisonni, Marina Scarpelli, Rossana Bera
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Case Report

Case Report of Pulmonary Sarcoidosis Suspected to be Pulmonary Metastasis in a Patient with Breast Cancer: Hye Sook Kim, Suk-young Lee, Sang Cheul Oh, Chul Won Choi, Jun Suk Kim, Jae Hong Seo; Cancer Res Treat. 2014;46(3):317-321. Published online July 15, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.46.3.317

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Standard endocrine therapy and chemotherapy can induce long-term remission in breast cancer patients; however, breast cancer can recur at any site. Pulmonary nodules with lymphadenopathy in advanced cancer patients are likely to be assumed as metastases. A 44-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer was presented to our institution with abnormal findings on 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging, which suggested lung metastasis. She had previously been diagnosed with breast cancer (T1N2M0, Stage IIIa, intraductal carcinoma, triple negative cancer). Histological analysis of the mediastinal lymph node biopsy demonstrated sarcoidosis, showing a chronic, non-caseating, granulomatous inflammation. Our case highlights the need for non-malignant diagnoses in those with prior malignancies, and the need for histological evaluations in the event of first recurrence following potentially curative therapy.

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Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration facilitating diagnosis of sarcoidosis in a breast cancer patient with multiple lymphadenopathy: a case report
Yuka Oride, Yumiko Koi, Tatsunari Sasada, Keiko Kajitani, Masahiro Ohara, Tomohiro Kondo, Yutaka Daimaru, Shingo Kawamura
Journal of Medical Case Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Sarcoidosis or metastatic rectal cancer? Diligent diagnosis for optimal therapeutic management
Tanya Odisho, Sonal Kaushik, An King Ang
Current Problems in Cancer: Case Reports.2022; 8: 100187. CrossRef
Sarcoid-Like Lesions Mimicking Pulmonary Metastasis: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Hendrik Eggers, Marcus Krüger, Katharina Stange, Danny Jonigk, Christian Biancosino, Thomas Rodt, Thomas Fühner, Tim Murray, Viktor Grünwald, Philipp Ivanyi
Oncology Research and Treatment.2019; 42(7-8): 382. CrossRef
Concurrent Diagnoses of Cutaneous Sarcoidosis and Recurrent Metastatic Breast Cancer: More than a Coincidental Occurrence?
Jacqueline Deen, Nick Mellick, Laura Wheller
Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine.2018; 2018: 1. CrossRef
18F-FLUOROESTRADIOL PET/CT IN DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF LUNG LESIONS IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS: CASE REPORTS
N. В. Vikhrova, A. A. Odzharova, M. В. Dolgushin, D. I. Nevzorov
Siberian journal of oncology.2018; 17(5): 111. CrossRef
Coexistence of sarcoidosis and metastatic lesions: A diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma (Review)
Christoph Spiekermann, Meike Kuhlencord, Sebastian Huss, Claudia Rudack, Daniel Weiï¿½
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Sarcoidosis Presenting with Multiple Lung Parenchymal Nodules
Hyung-Jun Kim, Jimyung Park, Jee Min Kim, Ye Jin Lee, Hye-Rin Kang, Chang-Hoon Lee
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Systemic sarcoidosis mimicking malignant metastatic disease
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Baohuoside I Suppresses Invasion of Cervical and Breast Cancer Cells through the Downregulation of CXCR4 Chemokine Receptor Expression
Buyun Kim, Byoungduck Park
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Original Articles

Modified MVAC as a Second-Line Treatment for Patients with Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma after Failure of Gemcitabine and Cisplatin Treatment: Jung Hyun Lee, Sung Gu Kang, Seung Tae Kim, Seok Ho Kang, In Keun Choi, Young Je Park, Sang Chul Oh, Deuk Jae Sung, Jae Hong Seo, Jun Cheon, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim, Kyong Hwa Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2014;46(2):172-177. Published online April 15, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.46.2.172

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

There is no established standard second-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) who failed gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) chemotherapy. This study was conducted in order to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of modified methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (MVAC) in patients with metastatic UC previously treated with GC.

Materials and Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 28 patients who received modified MVAC between November 2004 and November 2012. All patients failed prior, first-line GC chemotherapy.

Results

The median age of patients was 64.0 years (range, 33.0 to 77.0 years), and 23 (82.1%) patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1. The overall response rate and the disease control rate were 36.0% and 64.0%, respectively. After a median follow-up period of 38 weeks (range, 5 to 182 weeks), median progression free survival was 21.0 weeks (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.3 to 35.7 weeks) and median overall survival was 49.0 weeks (95% CI, 18.8 to 79.3 weeks). Grade 3 or 4 hematological toxicities included neutropenia (n=21, 75.0%) and anemia (n=9, 32.1%). Grade 3 or 4 non-hematological toxicities did not occur and there was no treatment-related death.

Conclusion

Modified MVAC appears to be a safe and active chemotherapy regimen in patients with stable physical status and adequate renal function after GC treatment.

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Chronological transition in outcome of second-line treatment in patients with metastatic urothelial cancer after pembrolizumab approval: a multicenter retrospective analysis
Teruki Isobe, Taku Naiki, Yosuke Sugiyama, Aya Naiki-Ito, Takashi Nagai, Toshiki Etani, Satoshi Nozaki, Keitaro Iida, Yusuke Noda, Nobuhiko Shimizu, Nami Tomiyama, Rika Banno, Hiroki Kubota, Shuzo Hamamoto, Ryosuke Ando, Noriyasu Kawai, Takahiro Yasui
International Journal of Clinical Oncology.2022; 27(1): 165. CrossRef
SIU-ICUD recommendations on bladder cancer: systemic therapy for metastatic bladder cancer
Axel S. Merseburger, Andrea B. Apolo, Simon Chowdhury, Noah M. Hahn, Matthew D. Galsky, Matthew I. Milowsky, Daniel Petrylak, Tom Powles, David I. Quinn, Jonathan E. Rosenberg, Arlene Siefker-Radtke, Guru Sonpavde, Cora N. Sternberg
World Journal of Urology.2019; 37(1): 95. CrossRef
Efficacy of Different Second-line Therapy Regimens in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma
Lukas Barwitz, Anne Berger, Stefanie Zschaebitz, Max Jenzer, Cathleen Nientiedt, Stefan Duensing, Dirk Jäger, Dogu Teber, Markus Hohenfellner, Carsten Grüllich
The Open Urology & Nephrology Journal.2017; 10(1): 52. CrossRef
Cisplatin- Versus Non–Cisplatin-based First-Line Chemotherapy for Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma Previously Treated With Perioperative Cisplatin
Jennifer A. Locke, Gregory Russell Pond, Guru Sonpavde, Andrea Necchi, Patrizia Giannatempo, Ravi Kumar Paluri, Guenter Niegisch, Peter Albers, Carlo Buonerba, Giuseppe Di Lorenzo, Ulka N. Vaishampayan, Scott A. North, Neeraj Agarwal, Syed A. Hussain, Sum
Clinical Genitourinary Cancer.2016; 14(4): 331. CrossRef
Second Line Chemotherapy for Advanced and Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: Vinflunine and Beyond—A Comprehensive Review of the Current Literature
Christoph Oing, Michael Rink, Karin Oechsle, Christoph Seidel, Gunhild von Amsberg, Carsten Bokemeyer
Journal of Urology.2016; 195(2): 254. CrossRef
Predicting the response of patients with advanced urothelial cancer to methotrexate, vinblastine, Adriamycin, and cisplatin (MVAC) after the failure of gemcitabine and platinum (GP)
Ki Hong Kim, Sung Joon Hong, Kyung Seok Han
BMC Cancer.2015;[Epub] CrossRef

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A Phase II Trial of Gemcitabine plus Capecitabine for Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: Jong Gwon Choi, Jae Hong Seo, Sang Cheul Oh, Chul Won Choi, Jun Suk Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2012;44(2):127-132. Published online June 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2012.44.2.127

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of treatment using gemcitabine and capecitabine for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients with advanced unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma were enrolled in the study. Inclusion criteria included no prior systemic chemotherapy or radiation therapy, at least one radiographically documented and measurable tumor lesion, and adequate patient organ functions. The patients received 1,000 mg/m2 gemcitabine intravenously on days 1, 8 and 15, and 830 mg/m2 of oral capecitabine twice a day on days 1-21 of a 28-day cycle.
RESULTS
Fifty patients with a median age of 53 years (range, 39 to 76 years) were enrolled in the study. The median follow-up was 10.0 months. The objective response rate of the 50 patients was 48.0% (95% CI, 22.5 to 57.1%). The median time to progression and overall survival were 6.5 months (95% CI, 2.3 to 8.7 months) and 10.0 months (95% CI, 5.7 to 16.7 months), respectively. Grade 3-4 toxicities associated with chemotherapy included neutropenia (22%), anemia (8%), thrombocytopenia (6%), and hand-foot syndrome (10%).
CONCLUSION
Combination chemotherapy using gemcitabine and capecitabine was well tolerated and demonstrated promising efficacy in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer.

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Recent Advances and Challenges in the Treatment of Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: An Update on Completed and Ongoing Clinical Trials
Abhinav Shenoy, Amar Yousif, Muhammad Delwar Hussain
Cancers.2025; 17(8): 1319. CrossRef
Results of a prospective phase 2 clinical trial of induction gemcitabine/capecitabine followed by stereotactic ablative radiation therapy in borderline resectable or locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Kimmen Quan, Philip Sutera, Karen Xu, Mark E. Bernard, Steven A. Burton, Rodney E. Wegner, Herbert Zeh, Nathan Bahary, Ronald Stoller, Dwight E. Heron
Practical Radiation Oncology.2018; 8(2): 95. CrossRef
A randomized, multicenter, phase III study of gemcitabine combined with capecitabine versus gemcitabine alone as first-line chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer in South Korea
Hee Seung Lee, Moon Jae Chung, Jeong Youp Park, Seungmin Bang, Seung Woo Park, Ho Gak Kim, Myung Hwan Noh, Sang Hyub Lee, Yong-Tae Kim, Hyo Jung Kim, Chang Duck Kim, Dong Ki Lee, Kwang Bum Cho, Chang Min Cho, Jong Ho Moon, Dong Uk Kim, Dae Hwan Kang, Youn
Medicine.2017; 96(1): e5702. CrossRef
Gemcitabine plus capecitabine (Gem–Cape) biweekly in chemorefractory metastatic colorectal cancer
P. Jiménez-Fonseca, M. P. Solis, M. Garrido, L. Faez, D. Rodriguez, A. L. Ruiz, M. L. Sanchez Lorenzo, E. Uriol, M. D. Menendez, J. M. Viéitez
Clinical and Translational Oncology.2015; 17(5): 384. CrossRef
Capecitabine Pattern of Usage, Rate of Febrile Neutropaenia and Treatment Related Death in Asian Cancer Patients in Clinical Practice
Vincent Chee Ee Phua, Wei Quan Wong, Pei Lin Tan, Anita Zarina Bustam, Marniza Saad, Adlinda Alip, Wan Zamaniah Wan Ishak
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.2015; 16(4): 1449. CrossRef
An Updated Meta-analysis and System Review:is Gemcitabine+Fluoropyrimidine in Combination a Better Therapy Versus Gemcitabine Alone for Advanced and Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer?
Chao Tu, Feng Zheng, Jin-Yu Wang, Yuan-Yuan Li, Ke-Qing Qian
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.2015; 16(14): 5681. CrossRef
Second-Line Capecitabine and Oxaliplatin Combination for Gemcitabine-Resistant Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Ibrahim Vedat Bayoglu, Umut Varol, Ibrahim Yildiz, Ugur Muslu, Ahmet Alacacioglu, Yuksel Kucukzeybek, Murat Akyol, Lutfiye Demir, Ahmet Dirican, Suna Cokmert, Yasar Yildiz, Bulent Karabulut, Ruchan Uslu, Mustafa Oktay Tarhan
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.2014; 15(17): 7119. CrossRef
Gemcitabine Combined with Capecitabine Compared to Gemcitabine with or without Erlotinib as First-Line Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Jae Yun Lim, Jang Ho Cho, Se Joon Lee, Dong Ki Lee, Dong Sup Yoon, Jae Yong Cho
Cancer Research and Treatment.2014; 47(2): 266. CrossRef
Efficacy and Safety of Gemcitabine-Fluorouracil Combination Therapy in the Management of Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Qin Li, Han Yan, Wenting Liu, Hongchao Zhen, Yifan Yang, Bangwei Cao, Jonathan R. Brody
PLoS ONE.2014; 9(8): e104346. CrossRef
Melatonin is involved in the apoptosis and necrosis of pancreatic cancer cell line SW-1990 via modulating of Bcl-2/Bax balance
Chunfang Xu, Airong Wu, Hua Zhu, Huaying Fang, Lele Xu, Jianxin Ye, Jiaqing Shen
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.2013; 67(2): 133. CrossRef

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Chemotherapy in Patients Older than or Equal to 75 Years with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Seung Tae Kim, Kyong Hwa Park, Sang Cheul Oh, Jae Hong Seo, Jun Suk Kim, Yeul Hong Kim, Sang Won Shin; Cancer Res Treat. 2012;44(1):37-42. Published online March 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2012.44.1.37

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
As the number of elderly patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) increases, the number of these patients receiving chemotherapy also increases. However, limited data exists regarding the use of chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC patients who are 75 years of age or older.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between May 2002 and October 2008, data for 48 advanced NSCLC patients who were 75 years of age or older who had been treated with chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed.
RESULTS
The median age of study participants at the time of first line chemotherapy was 76 years (range, 75 to 87 years) and their median Charlson comorbidity index was 2 (range, 1 to 4). Of the total 48 patients, 43 patients (90%) were treated by platinum-based doublet as a first line chemotherapy regimen. Median progression free survival for first line chemotherapy was 5.7 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.93 to 6.47 months) with an overall response rate of 33.3%. After first line chemotherapy, only 14 of the 48 patients (29.2%) received second line chemotherapy. The median overall survival (OS) for these patients was 8.2 months (95% CI, 4.44 to 11.96 months). Multivariate analysis results indicated that female gender and having received second-line or more chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for increased OS for all 48 patients. Charlson Index was not a significant independent prognostic factor for survival. There were 9 treatment related deaths due to infectious causes (18.8%).
CONCLUSION
Patients 75 years of age or older with advanced NSCLC may obtain clinical benefit from the administration of platinum-based doublet or single agent chemotherapy. However, oncologists must consider the aspect of safety in relation to the clinical benefits when managing this patient group.

Citations

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A phase II trial of Cremorphor EL-free paclitaxel (Genexol-PM) and gemcitabine in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Hee Kyung Ahn, Minkyu Jung, Sun Jin Sym, Dong Bok Shin, Shin Myung Kang, Sun Young Kyung, Jeong-Woong Park, Sung Hwan Jeong, Eun Kyung Cho
Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology.2014; 74(2): 277. CrossRef
Management of Elderly Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single-Center Experience
M. Früh, H. Besrour, S. Gillessen, M. Joerger, F. Hitz, A. Savidan, T. Cerny, S. Ess
Chemotherapy.2013; 59(1): 42. CrossRef

11,122 View
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2 Crossref

An Association Study of Polymorphisms in JAK3 Gene with Lung Cancer in the Korean Population: Wonbeak Yoo, Hae-Yun Jung, Seungjoon Lim, Jae Sook Sung, Kyong Hwa Park, Jeong Seon Ryu, Sang Won Shin, Jun Suk Kim, Jae Hong Seo, Yeul Hong Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2011;43(2):108-116. Published online June 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2011.43.2.108

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
The genetic alteration of the janus kinases (JAKs), non-receptor tyrosine kinase, is related to the development of human cancers. However, little is known about how the sequence variation of JAK3 contributes to the development of lung cancer. This study investigated whether polymorphisms at the promoter region of the JAK3 gene are associated with the risk of lung cancer in the Korean population.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 819 subjects, including 409 lung cancer patients and 410 healthy controls were recruited. The SNaPshot assay and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis were used, and logistic regression analyses were performed to characterize the association between polymorphisms of JAK3 and lung cancer risk.
RESULTS
Three polymorphisms (-672 G>A, +64 A>G and +227 G>A) of JAK3 were analyzed for large-scale genotyping (n=819). Statistical analyses revealed that polymorphisms and haplotypes in the JAK3 gene were not significantly associated with lung cancer.
CONCLUSION
JAK3 gene was not significantly associated with the risk of lung cancer in the Korean population.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Association Analysis of Polymorphic Gene Variants in the JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway with Aging and Longevity
V. V. Erdman, T. R. Nasibullin, I. A. Tuktarova, R. Sh. Somova, O. E. Mustafina
Russian Journal of Genetics.2019; 55(6): 728. CrossRef

11,132 View
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1 Crossref

No Association between Promoter Polymorphism of STK11 Gene and Lung Cancer Risk in the Korean Population: Jae Sook Sung, Young Mi Whang, Kyong Hwa Park, Jeong-Seon Ryu, Jong Gwon Choi, Jae Hong Seo, Sang Won Shin, Jun Suk Kim, Yeul Hong Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(4):211-217. Published online December 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.4.211

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

Serine-threonine kinase11 (STK11) was originally identified in 1997 as the causative mutation that's responsible for Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome (PJS). Several recent studies have reported that the STK11 gene is an important human tumor suppressor gene in lung cancer. We evaluated the associations between the polymorphisms of the STK11 promoter region and the risk of lung cancer in 901 Koreans.

Materials and Methods

By direct sequencing, we first discovered three novel polymorphisms (-1,795 T>C, -981 C>T and -160 G>T) and four known polymorphisms (-1,580 C>T, -1,494 A>C, -881 A>G and -458 G>C) of the STK11 promoter region in 24 blood samples of 24 Korean lung cancer patients. Further genotype analyses were then performed on 443 lung cancer patients and 458 controls.

Results

We discovered three novel polymorphisms and we identified four known polymorphisms of the STK11 promoter region in a Korean population. Statistical analyses revealed that the genotypes and haplotypes in the STK11 gene were not significantly associated with the risk of lung cancer in a Korean population.

Conclusion

This is the first study that's focused on the association of STK11 promoter polymorphisms and the risk of lung cancer in a Korean population. To evaluate the role of the STK11 gene for the risk of lung cancer, the genotypes of the STK11 promoter region (-1,795 T>C, -1,494 A>C and -160 G>T) were determined in 901 Koreans, yet the result revealed no significant difference between the lung cancer patients and the controls. These results suggest that the three promoter polymorphisms we studied are not important risk factors for the susceptibility to lung cancer in Koreans.

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A polymorphic minisatellite region of BORIS regulates gene expression and its rare variants correlate with lung cancer susceptibility
Se-Lyun Yoon, Yun-Gil Roh, In-Sun Chu, Jeonghoon Heo, Seung Il Kim, Heekyung Chang, Tae-Hong Kang, Jin Woong Chung, Sang Seok Koh, Vladimir Larionov, Sun-Hee Leem
Experimental & Molecular Medicine.2016; 48(7): e246. CrossRef
Integrated Analysis of Transcriptomes of Cancer Cell Lines and Patient Samples Reveals STK11/LKB1–Driven Regulation of cAMP Phosphodiesterase-4D
Ningning He, Nayoung Kim, Mee Song, Choa Park, Somin Kim, Eun Young Park, Hwa Young Yim, Kyunga Kim, Jong Hoon Park, Keun Il Kim, Fan Zhang, Gordon B. Mills, Sukjoon Yoon
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Jae Sook Sung, Kyong Hwa Park, Seung Tae Kim, Yeul Hong Kim
Genomics & Informatics.2012; 10(3): 167. CrossRef

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49 Download
4 Crossref

Microsatellite Alterations in Serum DNA of Lung Cancer Patients: Sang Cheul Oh, Young Do Yoo, So Young Yoon, Seok Jin Kim, Jae Hong Seo, Kwang Taek Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yo Han Kim, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2003;35(4):289-293. Published online August 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2003.35.4.289

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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19 Download

Pilot Study of Heptaplatin, UFT-E and Leucovorin in Advanced Gastric Carcinoma: Sang Cheul Oh, So Young Yoon, Jae Hong Seo, Chul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Si Young Kim, Hwi Joong Yoon, Kyung Sam Cho, Jun Suk Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2003;35(2):117-122. Published online April 30, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2003.35.2.117

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
Heptaplatin (SKI-2053R, Sunpla ), a new platinum analogue which has a better toxicity profile than cisplatin, has been used with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) continuous infusion for the treatment of advanced gastric carcinoma. However, continuous 5-FU infusion had a inconvenience to administration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of heptaplatin, UFT-E and leucovorin combination chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 22 patients was enrolled in this study at Kyung Hee University and Korea University from September 1999 to May 2001. Heptaplatin 400 mg/m2 was given as intravenous infusion for 1 hour at day 1. Oral UFT-E 360 mg/m2 and leucovorin 45 mg/day were administered for 21 consecutive days followed by a 7-day drug free interval. This schedule was repeated every 4 weeks. RESULTS: The 22 enrolled patients received 81 courses of chemotherapy and the median number of course per patient was three with a range of one to six. Five of 21 patients achieved partial responses (23.8%; 95% confidence interval, 5.6% to 42%) without complete response. Out of the 5 responding patients, three had unresectable perigastric lymph-nodes, one patient had a ovarian metastasis, and one patient had a peritoneal metastasis respectively. Main toxicities were neutropenia and nausea/vomiting. Grade 3 and 4 neutropenia were observed in 4 patients (18%) and grade 3 nausea/vomiting were observed in 5 patients (22.7%). The median time to progression was 4 months (range, 0.5 to 13 months), and median survival duration was 7.5 months (range, 2.0 to 14 months). Median response duration was 5.0 months (range, 1.5 to 10 months). CONCLUSION: A combination chemotherapy of heptaplatin, UFT-E and leucovorin has a comparable efficacy with those of previously reported heptaplatin and intravenous regimen of 5-FU and controllable toxicity in advanced gastric carcinoma. Further study with large patient population is warranted to determine the usefulness of this regimen.

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Platinum drugs: from Pt(II) compounds, Pt(IV) prodrugs, to Pt nanocrystals/nanoclusters
Xi Hu, Fangyuan Li, Nabila Noor, Daishun Ling
Science Bulletin.2017; 62(8): 589. CrossRef
The status of platinum anticancer drugs in the clinic and in clinical trials
Nial J. Wheate, Shonagh Walker, Gemma E. Craig, Rabbab Oun
Dalton Transactions.2010; 39(35): 8113. CrossRef
A Phase II Trial of Haptaplatin/5-FU and Leucovorin for Advanced Stomach Cancer
Won Sup Lee, Gyeong-Won Lee, Hwal Woong Kim, Ok-Jae Lee, Young-Joon Lee, Gyung Hyuck Ko, Jong-Seok Lee, Joung Soon Jang, Woo Song Ha
Cancer Research and Treatment.2005; 37(4): 208. CrossRef
Combination Chemotherapy of Heptaplatin, Paclitaxel and 5-Fluorouracil in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer: a Pilot Study
Myung-Ju Ahn, Ho-Suck Oh, Jung-Hye Choi, Young-Yeul Lee, In-Soon Kim, Il-Young Choi, Oh Young Lee, Ho-Soon Choi, Sung-Joon Kwon
Cancer Research and Treatment.2004; 36(3): 182. CrossRef

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Oral Etoposide, Ifosfamide and Cisplatin in the Treatment of Extensive Disease Small Cell Lung Cancer: Seok Jin Kim, Hwa Jung Sung, Kyong Hwa Park, So Young Yoon, Sang Cheul Oh, Jae Hong Seo, Chul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Kwang Taek Kim, Young Ho Choi, Jun Suk Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2002;34(6):421-425. Published online December 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2002.34.6.421

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The combination of cisplatin and etoposide has been a common first line regimen for the treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The schedule dependence, and equal efficacy, of the oral and intravenous dosing of etoposide has led to prolonged administration of oral etoposide, which is known to produce an encouraging response in SCLC. To improve the efficacy of the cisplatin/etoposide combination, we administered oral etoposide, with added ifosfamide, which had significant single agent activity against SCLC. We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the cisplatin, ifosfamide and oral etoposide (PIE) combination in patients with extensive small cell lung cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-five patients with histologically confirmed extensive small cell lung cancer were enrolled into this study between January 2000 and May 2002. They were treated with, cisplatin at 20 mg/ m2/day, ifosfamide 1.5 g/m2/day, with mesna (all given intravenously on Days 1~3), and oral etoposide 50 mg/m2 on days 4~17. This cycle was repeated every 4 weeks for up to 6 cycles. We evaluated the corresponding disease responses and toxicities.
RESULTS
The patients' characteristics were as follows: median age 65 years (32~75), 19 males and 6 females. The performance stati were ECOG 0 in 3 patients, ECOG 1 in 12 and ECOG 2 in 10. Sixteen patients had a partial response, 2 had a stable disease and 4 had a progressive disease. Thus, the overall objective response rate was 72.7% (95% CI: 49.6~88.4%), with a median response duration of 7 months (95% CI: 3.5~10.5 months). Myelosuppression was the major observed toxicity. Grades III and IV neutropenia were observed in 42 (46.1%) of the 91 cycles. Significant non-hematological toxicities (>or=Grade III) were uncommon, with the exception of nausea and vomiting.
CONCLUSION
The response rate to the combination of cisplatin, ifosfamide and oral etoposide was similar to that of other combination chemotherapy studies in patients with extensive disease small cell lung cancer. The toxicity of the regimen was considered acceptable.

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Pirarubicin, UFT, Leucovorin Chemotherapy in Non-embolizable and Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization-Failed Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients; A Phase II Clinical Study: Kyong Hwa Park, So Young Yoon, Sang Cheul Oh, Jae Hong Seo, Chul Won Choi, Jong Eun Yeon, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Kwan Soo Byun, Jun Suk Kim, Chang Hong Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2002;34(4):280-283. Published online August 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2002.34.4.280

Abstract PDF: Hepatocellular carcinomas are one of the most common malignancies in the world. However, no effective therapeutic modality has been proven to prolong the survival of patients in an inoperable stage. The purpose of this study was to determine the response rate and the toxicities of a combination of pirarubicin, UFT and leucovorin in patients with non-embolizable hepatocellular carcinomas, or who had progressed during their transcatheter arterial chemoembolization treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Of 23 patients with a hepatocellular carcinoma, 11 had progressed during a transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, with the other 12 being transcatheter arterial chemoembolization-naive. All the patients were treated with pirarubicin (70 mg/m2 i.v., day 1), UFT (350 mg/m2 P.O., day 1~21), and leucovorin (25 mg/m2 P.O., day 1~21).
RESULTS
Twenty patients were able to be evaluated, with a partial response being achieved in four, giving an overall response rate of 20% (95% confidence interval, 7~44%). The median overall survival time was 6 months, and the median survival time of the transcatheter arterial chemoembolization-naive patients was significantly longer than that of those treated by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (p=0.012). The most significant dose-limiting toxicity was leucopenia and thrombocytopenia.
CONCLUSION
The combination of pirarubicin, UFT and leucovorin therapies showed marginal antitumor activity and significant toxicity in patients with non-embolizable or failed transcatheter arterial chemoembolization hepatocellular carcinomas.

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Phase II Trial of Gemcitabine, UFT-E, Leucovorin Combination Chemotherapy in Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: So Young Yoon, Kyong Hwa Park, Sang Chul Oh, Jae Hong Seo, Chul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Jae Seon Kim, Chang Duck Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2002;34(2):111-116. Published online April 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2002.34.2.111

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of a Gemcitabine, UFT-E, Leucovorin combination chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients <=70 years, with no prior chemotherapy and with bidimensionally measurable advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma, ECOG performance status <=2, and adequate bone marrow, kidney, and liver function were eligible for this trial. Eligibility criteria for clinical benefit assessment were pain with at least a daily analgesic consumption of two nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or a Karnofsky performance status between 50 and 70. Treatment consisted of 1,000 mg/m2 of Gemcitabine on days 1, 8 and 15, repeated every 4 weeks, with UFT-E administered orally 500 mg-700 mg by body surface area (BSA). Leucovorin was administered 45 mg/day orally. Dosages of UFT-E and Leucovorin were divided and administered three times per day from day 1 to day 21. After 7 days of rest, UFT-E and Leucovorin were administered repeatedly.
RESULTS
Twenty-three patients were enrolled between April 1999 to April 2000. Eighty two cycles (median, four cycles) were delivered to all patients. The objective response rate was 15.8% in 19 assessable patients and 13.0% in the intent-to-treat population. Twelve patients (57.9%) displayed stable disease. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia occurred in 30.4% of patients, nausea/vomiting in 8.3%, diarrhea in 4.3%, and mucositis in 4.3%. The median time to progression was 8 months. The median survival was 8 months in the assessable population and 6 months in the intent-to-treat population Clinical benefit was achieved in 11 (57.9%) of 19 assessable patients.
CONCLUSION
Gemcitabine, UFT-E, Leucovorin combination chemotherapy is a well-tolerated and safe regimen in cases of advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Although the response rate is low, it shows a survival benefit and clinical benefit and deserves further evaluation in a phase III trial.

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Gemcitabine and oxaliplatin combination as first-line treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer: a multicenter phase II study
Kyung Hee Lee, Min Kyoung Kim, Yeol Hong Kim, Baek Yeol Ryoo, Ho Yeong Lim, Hong Suk Song, Hoon Kyo Kim, Myung Ah Lee, Seock Ah Im, Heung Moon Chang, Jae Yong Cho, Dae Young Zang, Bong Seog Kim, Jun Suk Kim
Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology.2009; 64(2): 317. CrossRef

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Clinical Significance of Peripheral Blood CEA mRNA Expression in Gastric Cancer Patients Underwent Curative Resection: Jae Hong Seo, Sun Hee Park, Chang Won Bak, Chul Won Choi, Byoung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim, Young Jae Mok, Jong Suk Kim, Seon Ae Han, Jung In Yoon; Cancer Res Treat. 2001;33(6):483-488. Published online December 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2001.33.6.483

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Recent advances in molecular technology have made it possible to detect small numbers of circulating tumor cells in the peripheral blood or bone marrow. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is an oncofetal antigen that is expressed in epithelial tumor cells. CEA mRNA may be a reliable marker for the detection of tumor cells in the peripheral blood of patients with epithelial cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We analyzed the peripheral blood of 46 patients with gastric cancer who had undergone curative resection. The presence of CEA mRNA was serially monitored using RT-PCR (Preop, Post op 15 day, 2 months (m), 4 m, 6 m, 8 m, 10 m, 12 m). The clinical characteristics, serum CEA level and immunohistochemical staining of tumor tissue were also evaluated. Patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months.
RESULTS
There was no significant relationship seen between CEA mRNA RT-PCR positivity in the peripheral blood and sex, stage, serum CEA level or immunohistochemical staining for CEA antigen, During follow up,eight patients experienced recurrence; were positve for CEA mRNA RT-PCR recurrence was seen in 66.7% (6/9) of the patients who before clinical recurrence as compared to 5.4% (2/37) of patients who were negative (p=0.0002). Serial changes of CEA mRNA RT-PCR correlated with clinical recurrence; 100% in the positively converted group (3/3), 0% in the negatively converted group(0/18), 50% in all positive group (3/6) and 10.5% in all negative group (2/19) experienced recurrence, respectively.
CONCLUSION
RT-PCR analysis of CEA mRNA in the peripheral blood seems to be a promising tool for the early detection of micrometastatic circulating tumor cells in gastric cancer patients and may be useful in determining patients at high risk for recurrence. However, definitive correlation with recurrence certainly requires a longer follow up duration in further studies.

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Retinoic Acid as a Radiosensitizer on the Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines: Jae Hong Seo, Kap No Lee, Sun Hee Park, Chul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2001;33(4):335-342. Published online August 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2001.33.4.335

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
Retinoic acid is a substance that has previously been reported to increase radiosensitivity, but at concentrations likely to inhibit cell growth or to induce celluar differentiation. We choose head and neck cancer cell lines to investigate the role of retinoic acid as a radiosensitizer and to elucidate the mechanism through the changes in the expression of retinoid receptors and squamous cell differentiation marker.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Three cell lines (PCI-50, SqCC/ Y1 and UMSCC-11B) were used. 7-AAD staining for apoptosis and Western blot analysis for RAR-alpha, beta, gamma, RXR-alpha, beta, gamma and involucrin were performed after various treatments (control, beta-all-trans-retinoic acid (t-RA) only (10 6 M), radiation only (3 Gy), radiation with t-RA).
RESULTS
The synergistic radiosensitivity effect of t-RA was seen only radioresistant UMSCC-11B cell line. Expression of RAR-beta was induced by t-RA in maily UMSCC- 11B cell line. RAR-alpha,gamma, and RXR-alpha, beta, gamma expression were not changed in all cell lines tested. Expression of involucrin was inhibited by t-RA in PCI-50 cell line but other two cell lines were not changed by t-RA treatment.
CONCLUSION
We found that only radioresistant cell line (UMSCC-11B) showed synergistic radiosensitivity effect by t-RA and this mechanism may be through RAR-beta expression induction.

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Heparin-binding growth factor (HDGF) drives radioresistance in breast cancer by activating the STAT3 signaling pathway
Lingyun Qiu, Yan Ma, Xiaohua Chen, Liheng Zhou, Haibo Zhang, Guansheng Zhong, Lei Zhang, Jianming Tang
Journal of Translational Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
CLPTM1L induces estrogen receptor β signaling-mediated radioresistance in non-small cell lung cancer cells
Hang Li, Jun Che, Mian Jiang, Ming Cui, Guoxing Feng, Jiali Dong, Shuqin Zhang, Lu Lu, Weili Liu, Saijun Fan
Cell Communication and Signaling.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Detection of RTP801, a Gene That is Differentially Expressed in Irradiated HeLa Cells
Young-Sook Lee, Moon-June Cho, Jeung Hoon Lee, Woong-Hee Lee, Jun-Sang Kim
Cancer Research and Treatment.2004; 36(4): 263. CrossRef

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The Mechanism of Retinoic Acid-induced Growth Suppression in Head and Neck Squamous Cancer Cell Lines: Seok Jin Kim, Chang Won Paek, Jae Hong Seo, Chul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim, Aree Kim, Kap No Lee, Sun Han Kim, Geon Choi, Young A Yoo; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(4):783-792.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Retinonic acid (RA) has been reported to induce differentiation and growth inhibition in various head and neck squamous cancer cell (HNSCC) lines. We hypothesized that this growth inhi bition might be explained by RA-induced apoptosis on cell cycle arrest mechanism. Therefore, we studied the degree of RA-induced apoptosis with variable RA concentration and exposure duration. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The flow cytometric evaluation of apoptosis degree and cell cycles were carried out with 7-amino actinomycin D (7AAD) and propium iodide (PI) respectively, with var ious RA exposure durations (2, 3, 6 day) and concentrations (conrol, 10 6, 10 7, 10 8, 10 9, 10 10 mole). Two different HNSCC lines (1483, SqCC/Y1) were used and the experiment was repeated twice.
RESULTS
The maximal fraction of apoptosis in 1483 and SqCC/Y1 cell lines were observed at same concentration and exposure duration (1483: 6th day & 10 6, mole, and SqCC/Y1: 6th day & 10 6 mole). In our experimental model, RA did not induce specific cell cycle arrest in these HNSCC lines. However we observed S phase fraction increase in SqCC/Y1 cell line after RA treatment.
CONCLUSION
We suppossed that in HNSCC lines, RA-induced cell growth inhibition could be explained by not only RA-induced apoptosis but also cell cycle arrest. Futher, in vitro study has been carried out to elucidate the RA-iduced cell growth inhibition mechanism in our laboratory.

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Venous Irritation Incidence Associated with Vinorelbine Tartrate Injection Time: Kyung Wook Hur, Jin Eui Jung, Jae Hong Seo, Cheul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(4):699-704.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was to determine the incidence and severity of venous irriation in patients receiving vinorelbine tartrate (Navelbine ) in combination chemotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty four patients histologically confirmed non-small cell lung cancer were enrolled in this study who receiving vinorelbine in combination chemotherapy through a peripheral vein from Oct. 1997 to Mar. 1999 with retrospective study design method. One group was 6~10 minutes infusion rate, the other was 10~20 minutes infusion rate with the same free-flow intravenous infusion.
RESULTS
A total of 126 infusions were observed in this study. Sixty-two infusions were admi nistered at the 6~10 minutes, and 64 infusions were administered at the 10~20 minutes. The incidence of any venous irritation was 3.2% (2/62) in the group that received the infusion in 6~10 minutes and 10.9% (7/64) in 10~20 minutes (p=0.164), so we could not acquire any statistical significance. However the incidence of severe venous irritation (grade 3, 4) was 0% (0/62) in 6~10 minutes infusion group and 9.4% (6/64) in 10~20 minutes infusion group. There was a significant difference between two groups (p=0.028) CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that venous irritation associated with vinorelbine tartrate infusion can be reduced by shorter duration of administration and vinorelbine tartrate might be recom mended to administer at 6~10 minutes infusion in clinical practice.

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Concurrent Chemoradiation Therapy with Cisplatin and Oral Etoposide for Locally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Chang Won Paek, So Young Yoon, Jae Hong Seo, Chul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jae Jung Shim, Kyung Ho Kang, Jun Suk Kim, Chul Yong Kim, Myung Sun Choi, Young Ho Choi, Kwang Tak Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(4):682-689.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Prognosis of locally advanced inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with radiation therapy alone has been disappointing. In recent years, concurrent chemoradiation therapy has potential of improving both local and metastatic disease-free survival. This phase II study was undertaken to determine the feasibility, toxicity, response rate, local control rate, and survival duration of locally advanced NSCL patients treated with concurrent chemoradiation using cisplatin and oral etoposide. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-seven patients were enrolled and forty-one patients were evaluable. Chemotheray consisted of cisplatin 50 mg/m2/IV on days 1 and 8 and oral etoposide 100 mg/day on days 1 to 5 and 8 to 12 which was repeated, every 4 weeks for two cycles during radiation therapy. Radiation therapy was administered to a total dose of 6300 cGY.
RESULTS
Among 41 evaluable patients, six patients achieved complete response, and twenty had partial response, for an overall response rate of 63.4% (95% confidence interval; 48.4% to 75.4%). Stable disease was reported in 10 patients (24.4%) and another 5 (12.2%) showed disease pro gression. Overall survival rate was 76% at 1 year, 34% at 2 years. Median survival duration was 17 months (range; 3 to 41 ). Eighty-three percents of patients had radiation pneumonitis but only one patients needed medical treatment.
CONCLUSION
Concurrent chemoradiation therapy with cisplatin and oral etoposide at this level is a well tolerated and feasible.

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Clinical Efficacy of Combination Chemotherapy with Cisplatin , Ifosfamide , and Oral Etoposide ( PIE ) in Advanced Non - Small Cell Lung Cancer: Yeul Hong Kim, Jae Hong Seo, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Jae Jung Shin, Kyung Ho Kang, Young Ho Choi, Kwang Tak Kim, Jun Suk Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1999;31(2):297-305.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
A prolonged administration of etoposide increases its effectiveness on the suggestion that pralonged maintenance of low levels is an important factor in determining its activity. Many studies have been tried to define the efficacy of combination of oral etoposide with other chemotherapeutic drugs such as cisplatin, 5-FU, and ifosfamide in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness and toxicities of combination chemotherapy of oral etoposide with intravenous cisplatin and ifosfamide in advanced NSCLC patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-three patients with inoperable NSCLC who had measurable diseases and had not been treated with chemotherapeutic drug, were enrolled in this study (from May 1995 to April 1998). Treatment consisted of intravenous cisplatin (20 mg/m(2)/day, Day 1-3) and ifosfamide (1,800 mg/m(2)/day, Days 1-3) with Mesna (1,100 mg/m(2)/day, Days 1-3), and oral etoposide (50 mg/m(2)/day, Days 4-17). This treatment was repeated every 4 weeks. Patients showing stable disease or a better response were continued on treatment with the range of one to nine cycles (medium: 3 cycles). All patients were evaluated for the response, survival, and toxicity of this combination chemotherapy.
RESULTS
Eleven patients showed either complete responses [CR, 3 (9%)] or partial responses [PR, 8 (24%)]. The median number of treatment cycles were 5 (range, 3-9) for responders and 2 (range, 1-7) for non-responders. The responders had median response duration of 10 months and the overall survival of 12 months. The overall survival of responders were longer than that of non-responders (median 19 vs 5 months, p 0.0232). The toxicities of this treatment were tolerable without treatment related death. Limiting toxicities were myelosuppression and oral mucbsities, Grade 3 or 4 leukopenia and oral mucosities were observed in 34% and 9%, respectively.
CONCLUSION
The combination of cisplatin, ifosfamide, and oral etoposide produced encouraging response rates and median survival duration in patients with response. Further study of this combination is warranted in comparison with standard cisplatin+etoposide regimen or intravenous etoposide, cisplatin and ifosfamide regimen.

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Effects of REtinoic Acid and Radiation on the Growth of Cell Lines of Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Jae Hong Seo, Young Ah Yoo, In Keun Choi, Seok Jin Kim, Chul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Chul Yong Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeol Hong Kim, Myung Sun Choi, Joon Seok Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1998;30(4):772-780.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Mammalian tumor cells differ in their response to ionizing radiation to a degree that some patients are readily curable with conventional doses of radiation, while others are rarely controlled. In experimental systems, it is possible to demonstrate differences between cell lines both in intrinsic radiosensitivity and in the apparent capacity to repair damage. Retinoic acid is a substance that has previously been reported to increase radiosensitivity, but at concentrations likely to have cytostatic effects or induce cellular differentiation. We chose several head and neck cancer cell lines to investigate radiation sensitivity and synergism in combination with retinoic acid. Material and Methods: Seventeen head and neck cancer cell lines (MDA886, P1, P13, A-431, PCI-50, UMSCC-10A, UMSCC-10B, UMSCC-11A, UMSCC-11B, UMSCC-17A, UMSCC-17B, UMSCC-19, UMSCC-22B, UMSCC-30, UMSCC-38, 1YA, 1YB) are irradiated with variable dose of radiation (1 Gy, 5 Gy, 9 Gy) for determination of radiosensitivity of each cell lines. The less radiosensitive cell lines are treated with retinoic acid for evaluation of the effects of retinoic acid on cellular X-ray sensitivity and recovery from X ray-induced potentially lethal damage.
RESULTS
Lowest growth inhibition rates are seen UMSCC-11A and 1YA cell lines in 1 Gy, so that we treated with retinoic acid such cell lines. We obtained the following RESULTS: 1) two cell lines appear not inhibitory effect on recovery from X-ray induced potentially lethal damage but growth inhibition synergism when irradiated with retinoic acid in 1 Gy of radiation dose. 2) two cell lines were little effect on radiosensitivity and inhibitory effect on recovery from X-ray damage in 0.5 Gy radiation dose.
CONCLUSION
We found that direct radiosensitizing effects of retinoic acid on 1 Gy of radiation dose may act synergistically for cell growth inhibition in vitro study(three cell lines: UMSCC-11A, 1YA, UMSCC-11B). Further in vitro and in vivo experiments are now necessary to evaluate retinoic acid as radiosensitizer for head and neck cancer radiation therapy.

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5-Fluorouracil , Cisplatin , and Pirarubicin Combination Chemotherapy for Advanced Gastric Cancer: Jae Hong Seo, In Keun Choi, Suk Jin Kim, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Young Jae Mok, Jong Suk Kim, Jun Suk Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1998;30(3):475-481.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Gastric cancer is the most common malignacy in Korea, However, standard systemic combination chemotherapy regimen has not been settled for advanced gastric cancer. 5-FU, Cisplatin, and Pirarubicin combination chemotherpay regimen has been tried to evaluate the response rate and toxicity in advanced gastric cancer patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Elligibility included biopsy proven inoperable or relapsed adenocarcinoma of stomach with adequate bone marrow, hepatic, and renal functon. Thirty seven patients with histologically confinned locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer were treated with cisplatin 15 mg/m2 IV day 1~5, pirarubicin 60 mg/m2 day 1, 5-fluorouracil 750 mg/m2 day 1~5 as a continuous intravenous infusion.
RESULTS
Twenty nine patients had measurable disease, 5 had received prior chemotherapy. Performance status was 0~1 in 24 and 2 in 13. There was 1 complete response and 13 partial response with an overall response rate of 48.3%(95% confidence interval 29.9~67.1%). The median survival is 7 months(95% confidence interval 5.4~8.6 months) and median response duration is 6 months. 19 patients experienced severe(WHO grade 3~4) leucopenia, 7 was thrombocytopenia, 13 was nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy. 11 patients experienced chemotherapy dose reduction or chemotherapy time delay due to severe hematologic or non-hematologic toxicities. There was no clinically recognizable cardiac toxicities.
CONCLUSION
We experienced 48.3% overall response rate, 7 months median survival, and 51.3% severe hematologic toxicities with 5-fluorouracil, pirarubicin and cisplatin combination chemotherapy regimen in advanced or metastatic gastric cancer patients.

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Application of Mitochondrial Morphology for Diagnosis of Steroidogenous Cell Origin Tumor: on the basis of the primary and the metastatic ovarian tumors: Sung Chul Lim, Jae Hong Seo; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1998;30(2):402-413.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic availability of the morphology of mitochondria to identify the nature or the origin of neoplasms. MATRIALS AND METHODS: We analysed two cases of ovarian malignancy- a case of malignant steroid cell tumor, unclassified and a case of metastatic carcinosarcoma from the adrenal cortex- which were difficult to identify the origin and the nature of the tumor for special staining, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural methods.
RESULTS
To evaluate the nature or the origin of neoplasms, we performed immuno histochemistry for various antigens and special stains, however the specific diagnostic clues were not provided by these modalities. The ultrastructural characteristics of mitochondria of neoplastic cells showing tubular or tubulo-vesicular inner mitochondrial membranes provided diagnostic clues as a marker for steroidogenic potential. The morphology of mitochondria is related to the enzyme activity and steroid-biosynthetic capacity of cells. Especially, the inner mitochondrial membrane structure is believed to be related to the steroid biosynthetic activity. In hypofunctional state of corticosteroid productian, a reduced number of inner mitochondrial membranes showing tubular patterns is noted. In cantrast, the stimulation of steroidogenesis result in a progressive increase of mitochondrial membrane showing densely packed rounded vesicular patterns via tubulo-vesicular patterns according to the activity of steroidogenesis.
CONCLUSION
The tubular, the vesicular and the tubulo-vesicular mitochondria will be valuable to identify the uncertainty of nature and origin of tumor as a stemidogenic.

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Results of CHOP-Bleo / CMED Alternating Chemotherapy for Aggressive Non - Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Suk Jin Kim, In Keun Choi, Sang Chul Oh, Jae Hong Seo, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1998;30(2):350-356.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To assess the efficacy and toxicity of a new protocol that consists of CHOP- Bleo alternated with a new regimen of Cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, etoposide, and dexamethasone(CMED) for aggressive Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma(NHL). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between January 1991 and December 1996, forty-six patients with Ann Arbor stages II-IV aggressive NHL were treated with alternating cycles of CHOP-Bleo and CMED for a total of 12 cycles. All eligible patients were evaluated for response, disease-free survival, and overall survival.
RESULTS
Twenty-two patients(47.8%) achieved a complete response and overall response rate was 83.9%. The range of survival duration was 1-68+months and the median survival time was 42 months. Overall 3-year survival rate was 54%. The range of disease-free survival time was 6-63+months and 3-year disease-free survival rate was 61%. The most common hematologic toxicity was leukopenia and the incidence of severe leukopenia(<1,000/mm3) was 11%. And alopecia(84.8%) was the most common non-hematologic toxicity.
CONCLUSION
The results of CHOP-Bleo/CMED alternating chemotherapy for patients with aggressive Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma is not superior to other results of previous studies. Therefore further study will be warranted to determine clinical effectiveness of alternating chemotherapy.

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Amplification of the c-erbB-2 Prto - Oncogene in Primary Human Gastric Cancers: Chul Won Choi, Jae Hong Seo, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Jun Suk Kim, Young Jae Mok, Jong Suk Kim, Bum Hwan Koo; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1995;27(2):195-202.

Abstract PDF: The c-er6B-2 proto-oncogene has been found to be amplified in many human tumors induding breast, stomach, kidney and lung cancers. In order to evaluate the amplification status of c-erbB-2 proto-oncogene in stomach cancer which is the most common cancer in Korea, fortyfive sets of specimens including tumor tissue and normal stomach tissue(5 cm at least away from primary tumor, histologically normal)were measured by Southern hybridization technique. Ten micrograms of EcoRI-digested DNA was electrophoresed in an 0.8% agarose gel and transferred to a nylon memebrane and hybridized with a c-erbB-2 probe, washed under stringent conditions and autoradiographed against Hyperfilm with intenaifying screens at 70`C, for 3 days. In the results. two of the 45 gastric carcinomas(4.4%) were amplified 2-to-4-fold. Thus, the amplified c-erbB-2 gene may have a role in the evolution of gastric carcinoma, as dose in some carcinoma.

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A Case of Synchronous Primary Triple Cancers Including Thyoid , Lung and Stomach: Jin Ho Park, Sang Chul Oh, Jae Hong Seo, Young Jin Nam, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jin Seok Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1995;27(5):887-893.

Abstract PDF: Multiple primary cancer means that more than 2 cancers are independently developed in one individual. The incidence of multiple primary cancer is increasing gradually due to accurate cancer stastistics, earlier diagnosis and treatment, progressive increase in the number of individuals living in the "cancer age" group and aggressive therapy for primary cancers. Here, we report a case of synchronous primary triple cancers including thyroid, lung and stomach. The 60-year-old woman complained the three palpable masses on cervical area and we confirmed the papillary cancer of thyroid by fine needle aspiration biopsy. Whild we performed the further study for the possibilities of other lesion or metastasis, we found the adenocarcinoma of stomach and squamous cell carcinoma of lung. After the operation on stomach and thyroid cancer, radiotherapy and adjvunctive chemotherapy for lung had been done. Our case is a multiple primary cancer of different organs.

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A histopathologic Study on Basemoent Membrane Alteration in the Benign and Malignant Tumors: Jae Hong Seo, Sung Chul Lim, Mi Ja Lee; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1996;28(2):375-387.

Abstract PDF: Primary antibody to a ubiquitous component of basement membrane, type IV collagen was applied to farmalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tissue sections of a variety of tumorous conditions; benign tumor, dysplastic lesions, intraepithelial neoplasms and invasive carcinomas to determine the status of basement membrane alteration by immunohistochemical and u1trastructural examinations. Included lesions of this study were breast(fibroadenoma, intraductal carcinoma, and infiltrating duct carcinoma), colon(adenocarcinoma, well to poorly differentiated), stomach(adenocarcinoma, well to poorly differentiated), uterine cervix (dysplasia, microinvasive and invasive squamous cell carcinoma) and metastatic adenocarcinoma in the lymph nodes(of stomach and colon). By immunoperoxidase techniques, benign tumors and dysplasias showed intact basement membranes with linear staining pattern for the type IV collagen. In contrast, the majority of the invasive carcinomas lacked immunoreactivity for the basement membrane components. In the case of microinvasive carcinomas, there were thinning, fragmentation and disruption of the basement membrane in the foci of microinvasion, but not in elsewhere. Ultrastructural observations showed intact basement membranes in the benign tumors and dysplastic lesions, while thinned and/or fragmented basement membranes in the intraepithelial malignancy and microinvasive carcinomas. There were no differences of immunostaining patterns of the basement membrane between the well and the pooly differentiated neoplasms. Also there were no immunohistochemical differences between the primary and the metastatic adenocarcinomas. In conclusion, immunohistochemical staining for type IV collagen and ultrastructural observations for basement membrane will be useful to determine of tumor invasiveness and degree of differentiation.

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