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The Fear of Cancer from the Standpoint of Oneself, the Opposite Sex and the Fear of Side Effects of Cancer Treatment
Keeho Park, Youngae Kim, Hyung Kook Yang, Hye Sook Min
Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(4):993-1001.   Published online June 24, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.285
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
It is important to understand the differences between men and women when it comes to attitudes and risk perception toward disease. This study aimed to explore the fear of cancer from the standpoint of themselves and the opposite sex by cancer type.
Materials and Methods
A cross-sectional survey with a representative sample was conducted.
Results
The least and the most feared cancers in men were thyroid cancer and lung cancer, respectively. When men assumed the perspective of women, the least and the most feared cancer were thyroid cancer and stomach cancer, respectively. The least and the most feared cancers in women were thyroid cancer and stomach cancer, respectively. When women assumed the perspective of men, the least and the most feared cancer were prostate cancer and lung cancer, respectively. When both men and women assume the perspective of the opposite sex, the fear of sex-specific cancer was relatively low compared to the actual responses of both men and women. The top six of the most feared side effects of cancer treatment were pain, psychological problems, general weakness, digestive dysfunction, fatigue, and appearance change. These were the same between men and women.
Conclusion
Health care providers and caregivers in the family should provide care with more attention to the differences in thoughts about cancer between men and women. Health care providers should provide care with more attention to the differences in these problems between men and women.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • “Teetering on a Tightrope”: Uncertainty and Information Management During the Cancer Pre-Diagnosis Phase
    Lisa Glebatis Perks, Andrew C. Tollison
    Western Journal of Communication.2024; : 1.     CrossRef
  • 6,989 View
  • 187 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
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Supporting Low-income Cancer Patients: Recommendations for the Public Financial Aid Program in the Republic of Korea
Hye Sook Min, Hyung Kook Yang, Keeho Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(4):1074-1083.   Published online November 15, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.401
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
As the recent term of “financial toxicity” implies, cancer causes a treatment-related financial harm. Financial Aid Program for Cancer Patient (FAPCP) is a government’s financial support for low-income patients in the Republic of Korea. This study aimed to describe FAPCP applicants’ condition and to investigate factors influencing financial burden, which would provide the basis for implementing a strategy for FAPCP administration.
Materials and Methods
The telephone survey results from 2,700 FAPCP participants were analyzed, including demographic, socioeconomic, and disease characteristics and experiences associated with financial burden and the actions or measures to cope with them.
Results
Overall, 87.6% experienced financial burden more than moderate degree, 39.2% got financial help/a loan, 17.8% disposed of their property, and 10.2% changed or stopped treatment owing to medical costs. Monthly household income was connected to financial burden, and the highest income group was associated with the lowest financial burden (odds ratio [OR], 0.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.11 to 0.38) and the lowest rate of changing/stopping care (OR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.05 to 1.00). Parents of childhood cancer patients got financial help/a loan (OR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.03 to 4.88) and disposed of their property (OR, 3.18; 95% CI, 1.40 to 7.22) more frequently, and Medical Aids applicants showed the highest rate of changing/stopping care (OR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.89 to 4.78).
Conclusion
FAPCP targets low income groups; however, financial burden and the consequent actions taken still exist disproportionately, depending on the income of the applicants. FAPCP should focus on more vulnerable groups including Medical Aid applicants and parents of childhood cancer patients, by increasing funds and expanding their support coverage.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Identifying the factors affecting financial toxicity status in patients with middle and advanced colorectal cancer: a cross-sectional study
    Xiaofang He, Jie Chen, Lin Zhang, Qiuping Li, Xiaoli Zhu, Jie Zhao, Ying Chen
    Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Individual and joint effect of socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors on cancer in Korea
    Chi Lan Tran, Kui Son Choi, Sun‐Young Kim, Jin‐Kyoung Oh
    Cancer Medicine.2023; 12(16): 17389.     CrossRef
  • Financial hardship in families of children or adolescents with cancer: a systematic literature review
    Julie Ritter, Savannah Allen, Phillip D Cohen, Andrés Felipe Fajardo, Kelsey Marx, Patrícia Loggetto, Carmen Auste, Hedley Lewis, Karla Emília de Sá Rodrigues, Sharmeen Hussain, Ayomide Omotola, Nancy S Bolous, Harsha Thirumurthy, Beverley M Essue, Eva St
    The Lancet Oncology.2023; 24(9): e364.     CrossRef
  • Trends in medical care utilization in patients with cancer: An analysis of real‐world data in a tertiary hospital in Korea, 2014–2019
    Jung‐Hyun Won, Tae Kyu Chung, Joochul Lee, Sangwon Yoon, Yoomin Jeon, Howard Lee
    Cancer Medicine.2023; 12(22): 21022.     CrossRef
  • Impact of objective financial burden and subjective financial distress on spiritual well-being and quality of life among working-age cancer survivors
    Danbee Kang, Ka Ryeong Bae, Jihyun Lim, Nayeon Kim, Sungkeun Shim, Sun Seog Kweon, Hwa Jeong Seo, Juhee Cho
    Supportive Care in Cancer.2022; 30(6): 4917.     CrossRef
  • The influence of cross-regional medical treatment on total medical expenses, medical insurance payments, and out-of-pocket expenses of patients with malignant tumors in Chinese low-income areas
    Bokai Zhang, Haixin Wang, Hongyu Zhang, Guomei Tian, Ting Zhang, Qi Shi, Jian Liu, Jinpeng Xu, Jingchu Liu, Qunhong Wu, Zheng Kang
    Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Financial Toxicity of Cancer Care: An Analysis of Financial Burden in Three Distinct Health Care Systems
    Divya A. Parikh, Meera Ragavan, Ritika Dutta, Jeffrey Garnet Edwards, James Dickerson, Debeshi Maitra, Sangeeta Aggarwal, Fa-Chyi Lee, Manali I. Patel
    JCO Oncology Practice.2021; 17(10): e1450.     CrossRef
  • Burden of Treatment among Elderly Patients with Cancer: A Scoping Review
    Adem Sav, Sara S. McMillan, Adeola Akosile
    Healthcare.2021; 9(5): 612.     CrossRef
  • Symptom experiences and health‐related quality of life among non‐small cell lung cancer patients participating in clinical trials
    Kyunghwa Lee, Eui Geum Oh, Sanghee Kim, Sang‐We Kim
    Journal of Clinical Nursing.2019; 28(11-12): 2111.     CrossRef
  • The Incidences and Characteristics of Various Cancers in Patients on Dialysis: a Korean Nationwide Study
    Soon Kil Kwon, Joung-Ho Han, Hye-Young Kim, Gilwon Kang, Minseok Kang, Yeonkook J. Kim, Jinsoo Min
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Higher Age Puts Lung Cancer Patients at Risk for Not Receiving Anti-cancer Treatment
    Won-Il Choi, Jiah Choi, Mi-Ae Kim, Gyumin Lee, Jihyeon Jeong, Choong Won Lee
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2019; 51(3): 1241.     CrossRef
  • 7,267 View
  • 129 Download
  • 11 Web of Science
  • 11 Crossref
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Patient’s Cognitive Function and Attitudes towards Family Involvement in Cancer Treatment Decision Making: A Patient-Family Caregiver Dyadic Analysis
Dong Wook Shin, Juhee Cho, Debra L. Roter, So Young Kim, Jong Hyock Park, Hyung Kook Yang, Hyun Woo Lee, Sun-Seog Kweon, Yune Sik Kang, Keeho Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(3):681-690.   Published online July 4, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.201
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Older patient populations commonly have cognitive impairment, which might impact decisional capacity. We examined patients and family caregivers preferences for family involvement in treatment decision making assuming different level of cognitive impairment, and sought to explore the factors associated with the preferences and the degree to which patients and family members agree on preferences.
Materials and Methods
A total of 358 elderly cancer patient and caregiver dyads were recruited from the 11 cancer centers in Korea andwere asked to express their preferences forfamily involvement in treatment decision making using hypothetical scenarios with three different levels of cognitive status (intact, mild impairment, and severe impairment).
Results
Both patients and family caregivers preferred greater family dominance in treatment decision makingwith the increasing the level of cognitive impairment (39.7%, 60.9%, and 86.6% for patients and 45.0%, 66.2%, and 89.7% for caregivers in each scenarios). Patient and family caregiver concordance in decisional control preference was small for all three scenarios (weighted κ=0.32, κ=0.26, and κ=0.36, respectively). Higher patient education was associated with preference for patient dominance in treatment decision in conditions of both mild and severe cognitive impairment. The association of higher patient education and patient-caregiver preference concordance was positive with intact cognition, while it was negative with severe cognitive impairment.
Conclusion
Decision control preferences were affected by hypothesized cognitive status of the patients. Findings from our study would be helpful to develop effective strategy for optimizing family involvement in cancer treatment decision in the context of deteriorating cognitive function of the patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Comorbid Dementia and Cancer Therapy Decision-Making: A Scoping Review
    Sean N. Halpin, Gabriel Alain, Aaron Seaman, Erin E. Stevens, Hui Zhao, Mackenzie E. Fowler, Qiuyang Zhang, Tamara Cadet, Minzhi Ye, Jessica L. Krok-Schoen
    Journal of Applied Gerontology.2024; 43(8): 1132.     CrossRef
  • Assessing the association between quantity and quality of family caregiver participation in decision-making clinical encounters on patient activation in the metastatic breast cancer setting
    Nicole L. Henderson, Tanvi Padalkar, Garrett Bourne, Emma K. Hendrix, Courtney P. Williams, J. Nicholas Odom, Kristen Triebel, Gabrielle B. Rocque
    Supportive Care in Cancer.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Fatalism and metaphor in Confucianism: A qualitative study of barriers to genetic testing among first‐degree relatives of hereditary cancer patients from China
    Chaonan Jiang, Li Liu, Ye Wang, Liangzheng Wu, Wenxia Zhang, Xiaodan Wu
    Psycho-Oncology.2023; 32(2): 275.     CrossRef
  • The Role of Nurse on the Treatment Decision Support for Older People with Cancer: A Systematic Review
    Hiroko Komatsu, Yasuhiro Komatsu
    Healthcare.2023; 11(4): 546.     CrossRef
  • A prospective cohort study of decision‐making role preferences of patients with advanced cancer and their family caregivers
    Semra Ozdemir, Sean Ng, Isha Chaudhry, Chetna Malhotra, Eric Andrew Finkelstein
    Cancer.2023; 129(9): 1443.     CrossRef
  • Cancer literacy among Jordanian colorectal cancer survivors and informal carers: Qualitative explorations
    Samar J. Melhem, Shereen Nabhani-Gebara, Reem Kayyali
    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Preferred and actual involvement of caregivers in oncologic treatment decision-making: A systematic review
    Laura M.L. Tielemans, Kirsten D. van Heugten, Marije E. Hamaker, Inez C. van Walree
    Journal of Geriatric Oncology.2023; 14(6): 101525.     CrossRef
  • Factors Affecting Patient and Caregiver Preferences for Treatment of Myeloma and Indolent Lymphoma
    Chia Jie Tan, Melinda Si Yun Tan, Chandramouli Nagarajan, Wee Joo Chng, Yen-Lin Chee, Melissa Ooi, Lawrence Cheng Kiat Ng, Yunxin Chen, Joanne Su Yin Yoong, Xin Yi Wong, Wei-Ying Jen
    JCO Oncology Practice.2023; 19(12): 1168.     CrossRef
  • The Association Between Mild Cognitive Impairment Diagnosis and Patient Treatment Preferences: a Survey of Older Adults
    Deborah A. Levine, Andrzej T. Galecki, Brenda L. Plassman, Angela Fagerlin, Lauren P. Wallner, Kenneth M. Langa, Rachael T. Whitney, Brahmajee K. Nallamothu, Lewis B. Morgenstern, Bailey K. Reale, Emilie M. Blair, Bruno Giordani, Kathleen Anne Welsh-Bohme
    Journal of General Internal Medicine.2022; 37(8): 1925.     CrossRef
  • Patient activation and treatment decision-making in the context of cancer: examining the contribution of informal caregivers’ involvement
    Chiara Acquati, Judith H. Hibbard, Ellen Miller-Sonet, Anao Zhang, Elena Ionescu
    Journal of Cancer Survivorship.2022; 16(5): 929.     CrossRef
  • Factors influencing family involvement in treatment decision-making for older patients with cancer: A scoping review
    Bea L. Dijkman, Marie Louise Luttik, Hanneke Van der Wal-Huisman, Wolter Paans, Barbara L. van Leeuwen
    Journal of Geriatric Oncology.2022; 13(4): 391.     CrossRef
  • The role of caregivers in the clinical pathway of patients newly diagnosed with breast and prostate cancer: A study protocol
    Clizia Cincidda, Serena Oliveri, Virginia Sanchini, Gabriella Pravettoni
    Frontiers in Psychology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Treatment decision-making for older adults with cancer: A qualitative study
    Ni Gong, Qianqian Du, Hongyu Lou, Yiheng Zhang, Hengying Fang, Xueying Zhang, Xiaoyu Wu, Ya Meng, Meifen Zhang
    Nursing Ethics.2021; 28(2): 242.     CrossRef
  • Family Caregiving Situations and Engagement in Advance Care Planning
    Kyeongmo Kim, Michin Hong, Thomas Buckley
    Journal of Palliative Medicine.2020; 23(1): 125.     CrossRef
  • What We Talk about When We Talk about Caregiving: The Distribution of Roles in Cancer Patient Caregiving in a Family-Oriented Culture
    Ansuk Jeong, Dongwook Shin, Jong Hyock Park, Keeho Park
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2019; 51(1): 141.     CrossRef
  • Experience with age discrimination and attitudes toward ageism in older patients with cancer and their caregivers: A nationwide Korean survey
    Dong Wook Shin, Keeho Park, Ansuk Jeong, Hyung Kook Yang, So Young Kim, Mihee Cho, Jong Hyock Park
    Journal of Geriatric Oncology.2019; 10(3): 459.     CrossRef
  • How family caregivers of persons with advanced cancer assist with upstream healthcare decision-making: A qualitative study
    J. Nicholas Dionne-Odom, Deborah Ejem, Rachel Wells, Amber E. Barnato, Richard A. Taylor, Gabrielle B. Rocque, Yasemin E. Turkman, Matthew Kenny, Nataliya V. Ivankova, Marie A. Bakitas, Michelle Y. Martin, Mojtaba Vaismoradi
    PLOS ONE.2019; 14(3): e0212967.     CrossRef
  • 10,486 View
  • 231 Download
  • 17 Web of Science
  • 17 Crossref
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Terminal Versus Advanced Cancer: Do the General Population and Health Care Professionals Share a Common Language?
Sang Hyuck Kim, Dong Wook Shin, So Young Kim, Hyung Kook Yang, Eunjoo Nam, Hyun Jung Jho, Eunmi Ahn, Be Long Cho, Keeho Park, Jong-Hyock Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(2):759-767.   Published online August 10, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.124
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Many end-of-life care studies are based on the assumption that there is a shared definition of language concerning the stage of cancer. However, studies suggest that patients and their families often misperceive patients’ cancer stages and prognoses. Discrimination between advanced cancer and terminal cancer is important because the treatment goals are different. In this study, we evaluated the understanding of the definition of advanced versus terminal cancer of the general population and determined associated socio-demographic factors. Materials and Methods A total of 2,000 persons from the general population were systematically recruited. We used a clinical vignette of a hypothetical advanced breast cancer patient, but whose cancer was not considered terminal. After presenting the brief history of the case, we asked respondents to choose the correct cancer stage from a choice of early, advanced, terminal stage, and don’t know. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to determine sociodemographic factors associated with the correct response, as defined in terms of medical context.
Results
Only 411 respondents (20.6%) chose “advanced,“ while most respondents (74.5%) chose “terminal stage” as the stage of the hypothetical patient, and a small proportion of respondents chose “early stage” (0.7%) or “don’t know” (4.4%). Multinomial logistic regression analysis found no consistent or strong predictor.
Conclusion
A large proportion of the general population could not differentiate advanced cancer from terminal cancer. Continuous effort is required in order to establish common and shared definitions of the different cancer stages and to increase understanding of cancer staging for the general population.

Citations

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  • A qualitative study on redefining normality in relatives of patients with advanced cancer
    Helen P. A. Driessen, Evi M. Bakker, Judith A. C. Rietjens, Khanh L. N. Luu, Marjolein Lugtenberg, Frederika E. Witkamp, Leonieke W. Kranenburg
    Cancer Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Daichi Fujimoto, Hidetoshi Hayashi, Kenta Murotani, Yukihiro Toi, Toshihide Yokoyama, Terufumi Kato, Teppei Yamaguchi, Kaoru Tanaka, Satoru Miura, Motohiro Tamiya, Motoko Tachihara, Takehito Shukuya, Yuko Tsuchiya-Kawano, Yuki Sato, Satoshi Ikeda, Shinya
    Lung Cancer.2024; 194: 107896.     CrossRef
  • Preserving the integrity of personhood in people with advanced cancer: An in-depth qualitative study among patients, relatives, and care professionals
    Alina Senßfelder, Matthias Havemann, Anna J Pedrosa Carrasco, Pia von Blanckenburg, Carola Seifart
    Palliative Medicine.2024; 38(9): 1054.     CrossRef
  • Complementary Musical Intervention for Patients in Palliative Care in Spain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    Inmaculada Valero-Cantero, María Ángeles Vázquez-Sánchez, José Luis Casals-Sánchez, Milagrosa Espinar-Toledo, Juan Corral-Pérez, Cristina Casals
    Healthcare.2024; 12(19): 1938.     CrossRef
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    Soroor Fathi, Bahareh Aminnejad kavkani, Soheila Shekari, Samaneh Mirzaei Dahka, Naeemeh Hassanpour Ardekanizadeh, Golsa Khalatbari Mohseni, Maryam Gholamalizadeh, Kourosh Delpasand, Nasibe Jafarnia, Fatemeh Mohammadi-Nasrabadi, Saeid Doaei
    International Journal of Cancer Management.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    PharmacoEconomics.2022; 40(4): 359.     CrossRef
  • End-of-life communication experiences within families of people with advanced cancer in China: A qualitative study
    Tianmeng Xu, Yuan Qin, Xiaohong Ou, Xiaowei Zhao, Pei Wang, Mengmeng Wang, Peng Yue
    International Journal of Nursing Studies.2022; 132: 104261.     CrossRef
  • Shock Index Is a Validated Prediction Tool for the Short-Term Survival of Advanced Cancer Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department
    Zhong Ning Leonard Goh, Mu-Wei Chen, Hao-Tsai Cheng, Kuang-Hung Hsu, Chen-Ken Seak, Joanna Chen-Yeen Seak, Seng Kit Ling, Shao-Feng Liao, Tzu-Heng Cheng, Yi-Da Sie, Chih-Huang Li, Hsien-Yi Chen, Cheng-Yu Chien, Chen-June Seak
    Journal of Personalized Medicine.2022; 12(6): 954.     CrossRef
  • Challenges in self‐management of persons living with advanced cancer: An exploratory, in‐depth interview study
    Hanna Noorlandt, Rik Stoevelaar, Sophie van Dongen, Muzeyyen Arslan, Nancy Luu, Leonieke Kranenburg, Erica Witkamp, Carin van der Rijt, Kate Lorig, Agnes van der Heide, Judith Rietjens
    European Journal of Cancer Care.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Lucy Hayden, Emma Byrne, Avril Deegan, Simon Dunne, Pamela Gallagher
    Health Psychology Open.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Home Parenteral Nutrition in Patients with Advanced Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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    Nutrition and Cancer.2021; 73(6): 943.     CrossRef
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    Coronary Artery Disease.2021; 32(4): 295.     CrossRef
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    Lauren C. Capozzi, Julia T. Daun, Manuel Ester, Stephen Mosca, David Langelier, George J. Francis, Eugene Chang, Daniel Santa Mina, Jack B. Fu, S. Nicole Culos-Reed
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  • 98 Download
  • 24 Web of Science
  • 22 Crossref
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Public Perceptions on Cancer Incidence and Survival: A Nation-wide Survey in Korea
Soyeun Kim, Dong Wook Shin, Hyung Kook Yang, So Young Kim, Young-Jin Ko, BeLong Cho, Young Sung Lee, Dukhyoung Lee, Keeho Park, Jong Hyock Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(2):775-788.   Published online May 26, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.369
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
The aim of this study was to compare the public perceptions of the incidence rates and survival rates for common cancers with the actual rates from epidemiologic data.
Materials and Methods
We conducted a survey of Korean adults without history of cancer (n=2,000). The survey consisted of questions about their perceptions regarding lifetime incidence rates and 5-year survival rates for total cancer, as well as those of eight site-specific cancers. To investigate associated factors, we included questions about cancer worry (Lerman’s Cancer Worry Scale) or cared for a family member or friend with cancer as a caregiver.
Results
Only 19% of Korean adults had an accurate perception of incidence rates compared with the epidemiologic data on total cancer. For specific cancers, most of the respondents overestimated the incidence rates and 10%-30% of men and 6%-18% of women had an accurate perception. A high score in “cancer worry” was associated with higher estimates of incidence rates in total and specific cancers. In cancers with high actual 5-year survival rates (e.g., breast and thyroid), the majority of respondents underestimated survival rates. However, about 50% of respondents overestimated survival rates in cancers with low actual survival rates (e.g., lung and liver). There was no factor consistently associated with perceived survival rates.
Conclusion
Widespread discrepancies were observed between perceived probability and actual epidemiological data. In order to reduce cancer worry and to increase health literacy, communication and patient education on appropriate risk is needed.

Citations

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    Eurina Y Cha, Hans Chun
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Medical Costs and Healthcare Utilization among Cancer Decedents in the Last Year of Life in 2009
Inuk Hwang, Dong Wook Shin, Kyoung Hee Kang, Hyung Kook Yang, So Young Kim, Jong-Hyock Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):365-375.   Published online March 2, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.088
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cancer care cost during the last year of life of patients in Korea. Materials and Methods We studied the breakdown of spending on the components of cancer care. Cancer decedents in 2009 were identified from the Korean Central Cancer Registry and linked with the Korean National Health Insurance Claims Database. The final number of patients included in the study was 70,558.
Results
In 2009, the average cancer care cost during the last year of life was US $15,720. Patients under age 20 spent US $53,890 while those 70 or over spent US $11,801. Those with leukemia incurred the highest costs (US $43,219) while bladder cancer patients spent the least (US $13,155). General costs, drugs other than analgesics, and test fees were relatively high (29.7%, 23.8%, and 20.7% of total medical costs, respectively). Analgesic drugs, rehabilitation, and psychotherapy were still relatively low (4.3%, 0.7%, and 0.1%, respectively). Among the results of multiple regression analysis, few were notable. Age was found to be negatively related to cancer care costs while income level was positively associated. Those classified under distant Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results stages of cancer and higher comorbidity level also incurred higher cancer care costs. Conclusion Average cancer care costs varied significantly by patient characteristics. However, the study results suggest an underutilization of support services likely due to lack of alternative accommodations for terminal cancer patients. Further examination of utilization patterns of healthcare resources will help provide tailored evidence for policymakers in efforts to reduce the burdens of cancer care.

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Oncologists’ Experience with Patients with Second Primary Cancer and the Attitudes toward Second Primary Cancer Screening: A Nationwide Survey
Dong Wook Shin, Juhee Cho, Hyung Kook Yang, So Young Kim, Boram Park, BeLong Cho, Hyung Jin Kim, Young Jun Lee, Deog-Yeon Jo, Jong Hyock Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):600-606.   Published online February 12, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.162
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Screening for second primary cancer (SPC) is one of the key components to survivorship care. We aim to evaluate the oncologists’ experience with SPCs and assess the current practice, perceived barriers, and recommendations related to SPC screening. Materials and Methods A nationwide survey was conducted with a representative sample of 496 Korean oncologists. A questionnaire based on the findings from our previous qualitative study was administered. Results More than three-fourths of oncologists (76.3%), who participated in the study, had experience with SPC patients. Over half of them (51.9%) stated that it was an embarrassing experience. While the current management practice for SPC varies, most oncologists (80.2%) agreed on the necessity in proactively providing information on SPC screening. A short consultation time (52.3%), lack of guidelines and evidence on SPC screening (47.7%), and patients’ lack of knowledge about SPCs (45.1%) or SPC screening (41.4%) were most frequently reported as barriers to providing appropriate care for managing SPC. Oncologists recommended the development of specific screening programs or guidelines in accordance to the type of primary cancer (65.9%), the development of an internal system for SPC screening within the hospital (59.7%) or systematic connection with the national cancer screening program (44.3%), and education of oncologists (41.4%) as well as patients (48.9%) regarding SPC screening. Conclusion Many oncologists reported the occurrence of SPC as an embarrassing experience. Given the variations in current practice and the lack of consensus, further studies are warranted to develop the optimal clinical strategy to provide SPC screening for cancer survivors.

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    Jeong Youp Park
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Oncologist Perspectives on Rare Cancer Care: A Nationwide Survey
Dong Wook Shin, Juhee Cho, Hyung Kook Yang, So Young Kim, Su Hyun Lee, Beomseok Suh, Hee-Young Shin, Hyun Joo Lee, Dae Ghon Kim, Jong Hyock Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):591-599.   Published online January 5, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.086
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
In response to the challenges and difficulties imposed by rare cancers, multi-stakeholder initiatives dedicated to improving rare cancer care was launched, and several recommendations were made by professional societies. However, these primarily reflect the view of the advocates and supporters, and may not represent the views of the “average” clinician or researcher. In this study, we sought to investigate perceived difficulties with regard to rare cancer care and potential solutions endorsed by oncologists.
Materials and Methods
A representative sample of 420 oncologists recruited in 13 cancer centers participated in a nationwide survey.
Results
Oncologists faced various difficulties in treatment of patients with rare cancers, including the lack of clinical practice guidelines (65.7%) and personal experience (65.2%), lack of approved treatment options (39.8%), and reimbursement issues (44.5%). They were generally supportive of recent recommendations by multi-stakeholder initiatives as well as professional societies for development of clear clinical practice guidelines (66.0%), flexible reimbursement guidelines (52.9%), and a national rare cancer registry (47.4%). However, there was only moderate endorsement for referrals to high-volume centers (35.5%) and encouragement of off-label treatments (21.0%).
Conclusion
Insights into the general attitudes of oncologists gained through our nationwide survey of representative samples would be helpful in development of clinical practices and public health policies in rare cancer treatment and research.

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    Dong Wook Shin, Juhee Cho, Hyung Kook Yang, So Young Kim, Soohyeon Lee, Eun Joo Nam, Joo Seop Chung, Jeong-Soo Im, Keeho Park, Jong Hyock Park
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    J.-Matthias Graf von der Schulenburg, Frédéric Pauer
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    Gemma Gatta, Riccardo Capocaccia, Laura Botta, Sandra Mallone, Roberta De Angelis, Eva Ardanaz, Harry Comber, Nadya Dimitrova, Maarit K Leinonen, Sabine Siesling, Jan M van der Zwan, Liesbet Van Eycken, Otto Visser, Maja P Žakelj, Lesley A Anderson, Franc
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