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Therapeutic Effect of Anti-inflammatory Tripeptide Cream in Hand-Foot Syndrome/Skin Reaction Related to Anticancer Drugs: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial
Yaewon Yang, Jang-Hee Hahn, Min Seo Kim, Minkwan Jo, Yong-Pyo Lee, Hongsik Kim, Hee Kyung Kim, Jihyun Kwon, Ki Hyeong Lee, Hye Sook Han
Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(4):1050-1057.   Published online June 5, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.080
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
Hand-foot syndrome (HFS) and hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR) are relatively common toxicities that interfere with the quality of life (QoL) of patients with cancer. Anti-inflammatory tripeptide cream (ATPC) is a complex formulation of anti-inflammatory tripeptides, the CD99-agonist Binterin and the Wnt-antagonist Winhibin. The present study aimed to assess the therapeutic effects of ATPC in HFS/HFSR associated with anticancer drugs.
Materials and Methods
This was a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Patients who developed grade 1 HFS/HFSR after systemic anticancer treatments were enrolled, and randomly assigned to receive either ATPC or placebo cream (PC) and followed up at 3-week intervals for up to 9 weeks. Primary endpoint was the development of grade ≥ 2 HFS/HFSR.
Results
Between April 2019 and July 2022, 60 patients (31 in the ATPC and 29 in the PC group) completed the study. The incidence of grade ≥ 2 HFS/HFSR was significantly lower in the ATPC than in the PC group (25.8% vs. 51.7%, p=0.039). The ATPC showed trends towards a better QoL score, assessed by a HFSR and QoL questionnaire at 9 weeks (26.0 vs. 29.9, p=0.574), and a lower frequency of discontinuation, interruption, or dose reduction of anticancer drugs (51.6% vs. 58.6%, p=0.586) than the PC group over 9 weeks, though without statistical significance.
Conclusion
Our results showed that ATPC significantly decreased the development of grade ≥ 2 HFS/HFSR in patients already with HFS/HFSR. Therefore, ATPC may be an effective treatment for HFS/HFSR associated with anticancer drugs.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The Effect of Topical Heparin Gel on Reducing Hand–Foot Syndrome Symptoms in Cancer Patients Treated with Capecitabine
    Maede Mirjalili, Yaser Salehinajafabadi, Hadi Raeisi Shahraki, Rohollah Masumi
    South Asian Journal of Cancer.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 2,826 View
  • 207 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
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Genitourinary cancer
Neoadjuvant Nivolumab Plus Gemcitabine/Cisplatin Chemotherapy in Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder
Hongsik Kim, Byong Chang Jeong, Joohyun Hong, Ghee Young Kwon, Chan Kyo Kim, Won Park, Hongryull Pyo, Wan Song, Hyun Hwan Sung, Jung Yong Hong, Se Hoon Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(2):636-642.   Published online October 6, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.343
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
The activity and safety of neoadjuvant nivolumab plus gemcitabine/cisplatin (N+GC) were tested in patients with muscle-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma (MIBC).
Materials and Methods
In a prospective phase II trial, patients with cT2-T4a N0 MIBC who were eligible for cisplatin and medically appropriate to undergo radical cystectomy (RC) were enrolled. Treatment with nivolumab 3 mg/kg on days 1 and 15 plus GC (cisplatin 70 mg/m2 on day 1, and gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15) was repeated every 28 days up to 3 or 4 cycles, depending on the surgery schedules. The primary endpoint was pathologic complete response (pCR, ypT0). Secondary endpoints included pathologic downstaging (≤ ypT1), disease-free survival (DFS), and safety.
Results
Between September 2019 and October 2020, 51 patients were enrolled. Neoadjuvant N+GC was well tolerated. Among 49 patients who completed neoadjuvant N+GC, clinical complete response (cCR) was achieved in 59% of intent-to-treat (ITT) population. RC was performed in 34 (69%) patients. pCR was achieved in 24% (12/49) of ITT population and 35% (12/34) of RC patients. Median DFS was not reached. Over a median follow-up of 24 months, 12 patients experienced disease recurrence and were treated with palliative therapy or surgery. Although 12 patients declined surgery and were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy, DFS was longer in patients with cCR after neoadjuvant therapy than those without. Preoperative programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) did not correlate with pCR or pathologic downstaging rates.
Conclusion
Neoadjuvant N+GC was feasible and provided meaningful pathologic responses in patients with MIBC, regardless of baseline PD-L1 expression (ONO-4538-X41; CRIS.nih.go.kr, KCT0003804).

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Evaluating Neoadjuvant Immunochemotherapeutic Response for Bladder Carcinoma Using Amide Proton Transfer-Weighted MRI
    Lingmin Kong, Bei Weng, Qian Cai, Ling Ma, Wenxin Cao, Yanling Chen, Long Qian, Yan Guo, Junxing Chen, Huanjun Wang
    Academic Radiology.2025; 32(4): 2090.     CrossRef
  • Current and Future Role of Circulating DNA in the Diagnosis and Management of Urothelial Carcinoma
    Joaquim Bellmunt, Brian M. Russell, Bernadett Szabados, Begoña P. Valderrama, Rosa Nadal
    American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparison of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and combined chemotherapy with immunotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a propensity score-matched analysis
    Hao Zhang
    American Journal of Translational Research.2025; 17(1): 125.     CrossRef
  • Improving Urothelial Carcinoma Outcomes: The Powerful Combination of Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Chemotherapy in the Perioperative Period
    Jincong Li, Yuxuan Song, Rui Chen, Hanlin Gao, Yang Liu, Yun Peng, Jilin Wu, Shicong Lai, Yiqing Du, Caipeng Qin, Tao Xu
    Annals of Surgical Oncology.2025; 32(8): 6141.     CrossRef
  • The practical roadmap for peri-cystectomy approaches in muscle-invasive bladder cancer
    Joseph Kattan, Clarisse Kattan, Fouad Aoun, Elie Nemr
    Frontiers in Oncology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Neoadjuvant immunotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a 2025 update
    Ilias Giannakodimos, Afroditi Ziogou, Alexios Giannakodimos, Konstantinos Tzelepis, Zisis Kratiras, Evangelos Fragkiadis, Ioannis Zachos, Vasileios Tzortzis, Michael Chrisofos, Nikolaos Charalampakis
    Immunotherapy.2025; 17(6): 447.     CrossRef
  • Oncolytic viruses: a promising therapy for malignant pleural effusion and solid tumors
    Xinya Wang, Qin Zhou, Xuyan Zhang, Han Hu, Binlei Liu, Yang Wang
    Frontiers in Immunology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Advancements in systemic therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A systematic review from the beginning to the latest updates
    Takafumi Yanagisawa, Akihiro Matsukawa, Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh, Keiichiro Mori, Tatsushi Kawada, Satoshi Katayama, Paweł Rajwa, Fahad Quhal, Benjamin Pradere, Marco Moschini, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Jun Miki, Takahiro Kimura
    Bladder Cancer.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impact of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors as Neoadjuvant Therapy for Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Network Meta-analysis
    Akihiro Matsukawa, Angelo Cormio, Marcin Miszczyk, Mehdi Kardoust Parizi, Tamás Fazekas, Ichiro Tsuboi, Stefano Mancon, Robert J. Schulz, Giulio Litterio, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Paweł Rajwa, Thomas Seisen, Keiichiro Mori, Francesca Sanguedolce, Andrea Bened
    European Urology Oncology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Novel neoadjuvant therapies for muscle‐invasive bladder cancer: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
    Shugo Yajima, Naoki Imasato, Hitoshi Masuda
    BJUI Compass.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Optimizing enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab therapy
    Elias Antoine Karam, Yaghi César Céline, Gilles Prince, Fouad Attieh, Hampig Raphael Kourie, Joseph Kattan, Elie Nemer
    Oncotarget.2025; 16(1): 481.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant PD-1 inhibitors or PD-L1 inhibitors for muscle invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Shibo Huang, Yanping Huang, Chunyan Li, Yiwen Liang, Miaoyan Huang, Raoshan Luo, Weiming Liang
    Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • What’s new about the tumor microenvironment of urothelial carcinoma?
    João Queirós Coelho, Maria João Ramos, Ridhi Ranchor, Rita Pichel, Laura Guerra, Hugo Miranda, Joana Simões, Sérgio Xavier Azevedo, Joana Febra, António Araújo
    Clinical and Translational Oncology.2024; 26(7): 1549.     CrossRef
  • A bibliometric insight into neoadjuvant chemotherapy in bladder cancer: trends, collaborations, and future avenues
    Yi Huang, Chengxiao Liao, Zefeng Shen, Yitong Zou, Weibin Xie, Qinghua Gan, Yuhui Yao, JunJiong Zheng, Jianqiu Kong
    Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Bladder-sparing treatment using tislelizumab combined with gemcitabine/cisplatin in selected patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a real-world study
    Cheng Luo, Shuhang Luo, Wumier Wusimanjiang, Zongren Wang, Ping Liu, Bin Wang, Dan Yuan, Hao Lin, Abai Xu, Nan Deng, Kaihui Wu, Xuejin Zhu, Peng Xu, Junxing Chen, Bin Huang
    Clinical and Translational Oncology.2024; 26(7): 1759.     CrossRef
  • Neoadjuvant Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy Followed by Selective Bladder Preservation Chemoradiotherapy in Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: Post Hoc Analysis of Two Prospective Studies
    Sung Wook Cho, Sung Hee Lim, Ghee Young Kwon, Chan Kyo Kim, Won Park, Hongryull Pyo, Jae Hoon Chung, Wan Song, Hyun Hwan Sung, Byong Chang Jeong, Se Hoon Park
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 56(3): 893.     CrossRef
  • Perioperative Durvalumab with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Operable Bladder Cancer
    Thomas Powles, James W.F. Catto, Matthew D. Galsky, Hikmat Al-Ahmadie, Joshua J. Meeks, Hiroyuki Nishiyama, Toan Quang Vu, Lorenzo Antonuzzo, Pawel Wiechno, Vagif Atduev, Ariel G. Kann, Tae-Hwan Kim, Cristina Suárez, Chao-Hsiang Chang, Florian Roghmann, M
    New England Journal of Medicine.2024; 391(19): 1773.     CrossRef
  • Klassische Chemotherapie, Immuntherapie oder adjuvante Strahlentherapie – Wie können wir die onkologischen Ergebnisse der radikalen Zystektomie verbessern?
    Pia Paffenholz, Stefanie Zschäbitz
    Die Urologie.2024; 63(10): 994.     CrossRef
  • Recent developments in perioperative combination therapy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer
    Jan-Jaap J. Mellema, Bas W.G. van Rhijn, Michiel S. van der Heijden
    Current Opinion in Urology.2023; 33(5): 404.     CrossRef
  • 7,005 View
  • 300 Download
  • 16 Web of Science
  • 19 Crossref
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Lung and Thoracic cancer
EGFR Mutation–Positive Unresectable Stage III Non-Squamous Lung Cancer Is Associated with a High Incidence of Brain Metastasis
Hongsik Kim, Sehhoon Park, Hyun Ae Jung, Jong-Mu Sun, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Myung-Ju Ahn
Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(2):498-505.   Published online October 4, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.388
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
The impact of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation in locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. This study was conducted to investigate the clinical outcomes and recurrence patterns after definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with unresectable stage III non-squamous-cell lung cancer according to EGFR mutation status.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 604 patients with pathologically confirmed stage III NSCLC who were treated with definitive CRT and were examined for EGFR mutation at Samsung Medical Center, Korea, from January 2013 to December 2018. Among them, we identified 236 patients with stage III non-squamous-cell lung cancer who were treated with definitive CRT and were examined for EGFR mutation status. We analyzed the frequency of EGFR mutation, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and recurrence pattern.
Results
Among 236 patients, EGFR mutation was detected in 71 patients (30.1%) and the median follow-up duration was 41.7 months. There were no significant differences in PFS (9.9 vs. 10.9 months, p=0.236), and ORR to CRT (93.0% vs. 90.3%, p=0.623) according to EGFR mutation status. However, the EGFR mutant group showed significantly higher recurrence (88.7% vs. 75.2%, p=0.022), distant metastasis (76.1% vs. 61.2%, p=0.036) rates, especially brain (38.0% vs. 12.7%, p < 0.001), and better median OS (59.2 vs. 41.3 months, p=0.037) compared with patients without EGFR mutation.
Conclusion
Patients with EGFR mutation–positive unresectable stage III non-squamous lung cancer exhibited higher recurrence and distant metastasis rates, especially brain metastasis.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • TFAP2A facilitates the metastasis and radioresistance of esophageal cancer by promoting EGFR transcription
    Jinjin Yuan, Junqi Liu, Ruitai Fai, Zongwen Liu
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cost-Effectiveness of Adjuvant Osimertinib With and Without Chemotherapy for Surgically Resected NSCLC
    Angelos Vasilopoulos, Alexander Pohlman, Ayham Odeh, K. Robert Shen, Julia M. Coughlin, Zaid M. Abdelsattar
    JTO Clinical and Research Reports.2025; 6(6): 100833.     CrossRef
  • Prognostic Factors in Postoperative Brain Metastases Derive From Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis
    Haibin Chen, Liang Sun, Zhi Yang, Yuanyuan Qu, Nanyang Tong, Caixing Sun, Liang Xia
    Clinical Medicine Insights: Oncology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Brain metastasis screening in the molecular age
    Joanna K Tabor, Amanda Onoichenco, Vinayak Narayan, A Gabriella Wernicke, Randy S D’Amico, Morana Vojnic
    Neuro-Oncology Advances.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 5,625 View
  • 250 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref
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Case Report
Osimertinib Combined with Systemic Chemotherapy for EGFR Mutant, T790M-Negative, Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Who Develop Leptomeningeal Metastases with Extracranial Progression to Prior EGFR TKI
Hye Ryeon Kim, Hyunji Jo, Hongsik Kim, Joohyun Hong, Sehhoon Park, Hyun Ae Jung, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin-Seok Ahn, Myung-Ju Ahn
Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(1):344-349.   Published online March 26, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.1603
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a rare but fatal clinical condition with a short survival time. The incidence of LM from epidermal growth factor receptor mutant (EGFRm) non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has increased due to the limited efficacy of first- or second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the central nervous system (CNS). Osimertinib is a third-generation, irreversible, CNS penetrant, oral EGFR TKI that demonstrates promising efficacy in CNS metastases regardless of T790M. Herein, we report four cases of T790M-negative EGFRm NSCLC patients treated with osimertinib combined with systemic chemotherapy, who progressed on prior EGFR TKI and developed LM with extracranial lesions. The combination treatment was well tolerated, and the mean overall survival from LM diagnosis was 14.7 months (95% confidence interval, 10.4 to 19.0). These results suggest that osimertinib combined with systemic chemotherapy would be a reasonable treatment option for T790M-negative EGFRm NSCLC patients who develop LM with extracranial progression to prior EGFR TKI. A further prospective study is warranted.

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  • The research progress on meningeal metastasis in solid tumors
    Yi Yue, Yuqing Ren, Chunya Lu, Nan Jiang, Sihui Wang, Junkai Fu, Mengrui Kong, Guojun Zhang
    Discover Oncology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • An overview of the therapeutic strategies for neoplastic meningitis due to breast cancer: when and why?
    Mainak Bardhan, Debankur Dey, Vinay Suresh, Binish Javed, Vyshak Alva Venur, Neha Joe, Ritvika Kalidindi, Ahmad Ozair, Marium Khan, Reshma Mahtani, Simon Lo, Yazmin Odia, Manmeet S. Ahluwalia
    Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics.2024; 24(1): 77.     CrossRef
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    David J.H. Bian, Anna-Maria Lazaratos, Sarah M. Maritan, Andrea Quaiattini, Zhimin Zeng, Zhengfei Zhu, Ugur Sener, Rachna Malani, Yu Jung Kim, Eiki Ichihara, Victor Cohen, April A.N. Rose, Nathaniel Bouganim, Matthew Dankner
    Heliyon.2024; 10(9): e29668.     CrossRef
  • Antineoplastics

    Reactions Weekly.2023; 1943(1): 90.     CrossRef
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  • 239 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
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Original Articles
Breast cancer
Real-World Evidence of Trastuzumab, Pertuzumab, and Docetaxel Combination as a First-Line Treatment for Korean Patients with HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
Yong-Pyo Lee, Min-Sang Lee, HongSik Kim, Ji-Yeon Kim, Jin Seok Ahn, Young-Hyuck Im, Yeon Hee Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(4):1130-1137.   Published online January 17, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.1103
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
Trastuzumab has markedly improved the survival outcomes of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive breast cancer, and dual blockade of HER2 using trastuzumab and pertuzumab in combination with taxanes (THP) has become a standard of care for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) worldwide since the CLEOPATRA trial. We assessed the outcomes of THP as a first-line treatment for Korean HER2-positive MBC patients in the real-world setting.
Materials and Methods
Between August 2008 and October 2020, we identified 228 HER2-positive MBC patients who received THP as a first-line palliative chemotherapy. We analyzed survival outcomes, efficacy, and adverse events of THP retrospectively.
Results
After a median follow-up duration of 28.7 months, median overall survival and progression-free survival were 58.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 36.6 to 80.0) and 19.1 months (95% CI, 16.2 to 21.9), respectively. Better survival outcomes were observed in patient who received docetaxel for more than six cycles. Patients exposed to anti-HER2 directed therapies in a perioperative setting had poor survival outcomes. The overall response rate was 86.8% with a complete response (CR) rate of 17.7%. Among responders, 16.7% of patients sustained THP over 35 months and showed better survivals and higher CR rates. Adverse events were comparable to those reported in previous studies.
Conclusion
In a real-world context, clinical outcomes of Korean HER2-positive MBC patients treated with THP were similar to those of patients in the CLEOPATRA trial. Much longer follow-up results would be warranted.

Citations

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  • Pertuzumab in Combination with Trastuzumab and Docetaxel as Adjuvant Doublet Therapy for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review
    Ignacio Ventura, Nerea Pinilla Salcedo, Marcelino Pérez-Bermejo, Javier Pérez-Murillo, Manuel Tejeda-Adell, Francisco Tomás-Aguirre, María Ester Legidos-García, María Teresa Murillo-Llorente
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2025; 26(5): 1908.     CrossRef
  • Real-world impact of dual anti-HER2 antibodies on cardiac function in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–positive metastatic breast cancer
    Kelvin KH. Bao, Jeffrey CH. Chan, Jocelyn G. Chan, Leone Sutanto, Ka Man Cheung, Harry HY. Yiu
    The Breast.2024; 73: 103612.     CrossRef
  • Bilateral inflammatory recurrence of HER-2 positive breast cancer: a unique case report and literature review
    Rong Qin, Xiangyang Wang, Tingting Fan, Ting Wu, Chao Lu, Xun Shao, Liang Yin
    Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Biosensing chips for cancer diagnosis and treatment: a new wave towards clinical innovation
    Muhammad Javed Iqbal, Zeeshan Javed, Jesús Herrera-Bravo, Haleema Sadia, Faiza Anum, Shahid Raza, Arifa Tahir, Muhammad Naeem Shahwani, Javad Sharifi-Rad, Daniela Calina, William C. Cho
    Cancer Cell International.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Lung and Thoracic cancer
Long-term Survival in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Metachronous Brain-Only Oligorecurrence Who Underwent Definitive Treatment
Hongsik Kim, Sehhoon Park, Hyun Ae Jung, Jong-Mu Sun, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Keunchil Park, Myung-Ju Ahn
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(1):150-156.   Published online May 6, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.306
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Metachronous brain-only oligorecurrence in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a rare event with favorable prognosis, but the clinical outcome has not been fully determined. We retrospectively analyzed clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in metachronous brain-only oligorecurrence in patients with NSCLC who underwent definitive treatment.
Materials and Methods
We reviewed 4,437 NSCLC patients without oncogenic driver mutations who underwent definitive treatment between 2008 and 2018. Among them, we identified 327 patients who developed 1 to 5 brain metastases with or without systemic metastasis. Of the 327 patients, 71 had metachronous brain-only oligorecurrence without extracranial progression and were treated with local therapy to the brain. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and prognostic factors affecting OS were analyzed.
Results
The median OS was 38.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 21.8 to 56.1 months) in 71 patients. The 2-year OS rate was 67.8% and the 5-year OS rate was 33.1%. The median PFS was 25.5 months (95% CI, 12.2 to 14.4 months). The longest surviving patient had a survival period of 115 months. Through multivariate analysis, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group ≥ 1 (hazard ratio, 5.33; p=0.005) was associated with poor survival. There was no significant difference in OS between patients with local therapy and those with local plus systemic therapy (18.5 months vs. 34.7 months, p=0.815).
Conclusion
Metachronous brain-only oligorecurrence NSCLC patients who underwent definitive treatment experienced long-term survival with local therapy, highlighting the unique patient population. The role of systemic chemotherapy in this patient population requires further investigation.

Citations

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    Raphael Werner, Nina Steinmann, Herbert Decaluwe, Hiroshi Date, Dirk De Ruysscher, Isabelle Opitz
    European Respiratory Review.2024; 33(172): 230200.     CrossRef
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