Cancer Research and Treatment

Volume 48(1); January 2016

Original Articles

Trends in Cancer Screening Rates among Korean Men and Women: Results of the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey, 2004-2013: Mina Suh, Kui Son Choi, Boyoung Park, Yoon Young Lee, Jae Kwan Jun, Duk-Hyoung Lee, Yeol Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):1-10. Published online April 15, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.204

Purpose
The Korean National Cancer Screening Survey (KNCSS), a nationwide cross-sectional survey, has been conducted annually since 2004. The current study was conducted to report on the trends in screening rates among Korean men and women, and to evaluate policies regarding cancer screening programs implemented to reduce the burden of cancer.
Materials and Methods
The current study used KNCSS data. The eligible study population included men aged 40-74 years and women aged 30-74 years with no cancer history. The lifetime screening rate, screening rate with recommendation, and changes in annual rates were calculated for five major cancers (i.e., stomach, liver, colorectal, breast, and cervix uteri).
Results
The screening rates with recommendation increased by 4.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.7% to 4.8%) annually for stomach cancer, 1.2% (95% CI, 0.1% to 2.4%) for liver cancer, 3.0% (95% CI, 1.8% to 4.1%) for colorectal cancer, 3.7% (95% CI, 2.7% to 4.8%) for breast cancer, and 1.3% (95% CI, 0.8% to 1.8%) for cervical cancer. In 2013, the screening rates with recommendation for stomach, liver, colorectal, breast, and cervical cancers were 73.6%, 33.6%, 55.6%, 59.7%, and 67.0%, respectively.
Conclusion
Both the lifetime screening rates and screening rates with recommendation for the five above-mentioned cancers increased annually from 2004 to 2013.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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Purpose
Despite the low mortality rate of breast cancer among women in Korea, the breast cancer mortality rate has increased. The aim of this study was to examine trends in breast cancer mortality from 1983 to 2012 in Korea, assessing the importance of age, period, and birth cohort as risk factors.
Materials and Methods
Data on the annual number of deaths due to female breast cancer and on female population statistics from 1983 to 2012 were obtained from Statistics Korea. A log-linear Poisson ageperiod- cohort model was used to estimate age, period, and cohort effects.
Results
The increasing breast cancer mortality can be explained predominantly by a birth cohort effect: the risk of breast cancer death showed a steady increase until the 1968 birth cohort, and decreased thereafter. There was a sharp increase in the magnitude of the age effect up to 60 years old, then a moderate increase in the effect during the sixties, followed by another sharp increase from 70 years old. The period effect on breast cancer mortality seems negligible based on its adjusted relative risk, even though it was statistically significant after adjusting for age and cohort effects.
Conclusion
In this study, the mortality pattern of breast cancer in Korea can be explained predominantly by a birth cohort effect. Hence, the overall mortality rate of breast cancer may increase for a while, and show a gradual decrease in the future, which will start from the younger age group.

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Validating Breast Cancer Risk Prediction Models in the Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II Biobank
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Increased breast cancer mortality only in the lower education group: age-period-cohort effect in breast cancer mortality by educational level in South Korea, 1983-2012
Jinwook Bahk, Sung-Mi Jang, Kyunghee Jung-Choi
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Current Status and Challenges of Cancer Clinical Trials in Korea: Byoung Yong Shim, Se Hoon Park, Soonil Lee, Jin-Soo Kim, Kyoung Eun Lee, Yoon-Koo Kang, Myung-Ju Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):20-27. Published online March 2, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.317

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Purpose
Cancer clinical trials in Korea have rapidly progressed in terms of quantity and quality during the last decade. This study evaluates the current status of cancer clinical trials in Korea and their associated problems. Materials and Methods We analyzed the clinical trials approved by the Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) between 2007 and 2013. A nationwide on-line survey containing 22 questions was also performed with several cooperative study groups and individual researchers in 56 academic hospitals.
Results
The number of cancer clinical trials approved by the KFDA increased almost twofold from 2007 to 2013. The number of sponsor-initiated clinical trials (SITs) increased by 50% and investigator-initiated clinical trials (IITs) increased by almost 640%. Three hundred and fortyfour clinical trials were approved by the KFDA between 2012 and 2013. At the time of the on-line survey (August 2013), 646 SITs and 519 IITs were ongoing in all hospitals. Six high volume hospitals were each conducting more than 50 clinical trials, including both SITs and IITs. Fifty-six investigators (31%) complained of the difficulties in raising funds to conduct clinical trials. Conclusion The number of cancer clinical trials in Korea rapidly increased from 2007 to 2013, as has the number of multicenter clinical trials and IITs run by cooperative study groups. Limited funding for IIT is a serious problem, and more financial support is needed both from government agencies and public donations from non-profit organizations.

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Do Yeun Kim, Yun Gyoo Lee, Bong-Seog Kim
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Phase I Study of CKD-516, a Novel Vascular Disrupting Agent, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: Do-Youn Oh, Tae-Min Kim, Sae-Won Han, Dong-Yeop Shin, Yun Gyoo Lee, Keun-Wook Lee, Jee Hyun Kim, Tae-You Kim, In-Jin Jang, Jong-Seok Lee, Yung-Jue Bang; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):28-36. Published online February 23, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.258

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Purpose
CKD-516 is a newly developed vascular disrupting agent. This phase I dose-escalation study of CKD-516 was conducted to determine maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), safety, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary antitumor efficacy in patients with advanced solid tumors. Materials and Methods Patients received CKD-516 intravenously on D1 and D8 every 3 weeks, in a standard 3+3 design. Safety was evaluated by National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events ver. 4.02 and response was assessed by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor ver. 1.1.
Results
Twenty-three patients were treated with CKD-516 at seven dosing levels: 1 mg/m2/day (n=3), 2 mg/m2/day (n=3), 3.3 mg/m2/day (n=3), 5 mg/m2/day (n=3), 7 mg/m2/day (n=3), 9 mg/m2/day (n=6), and 12 mg/m2/day (n=2). Mean age was 54 and 56.5% of patients were male. Two dose-limiting toxicities, which were both grade 3 hypertension, were observed in two patients at 12 mg/m2/day. The MTD was determined as 12 mg/m2/day. Most common adverse events were gastrointestinal adverse events (diarrhea, 34.8% [30.4% grade 1/2, 13.0% grade 3]; nausea, 21.7% [all grade 1/2]; vomiting, 21.7% [all grade 1/2]), myalgia (17.4%, all grade 1/2), and abdominal pain (21.7% [21.7% grade 1/2, 4.3% grade 3]). The pharmacokinetic study showed the dose-linearity of all dosing levels. Among 23 patients, six patients (26.1%) showed stable disease. Median progression-free survival was 39 days (95% confidence interval, 37 to 41 days). Conclusion This study demonstrates feasibility of CKD-516, novel vascular disrupting agent, in patients with advanced solid tumor. MTD of CKD-516 was defined as 12 mg/m2/day on D1 and D8 every 3 weeks.

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Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiation Therapy in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: A New Challenge: Pierina Navarria, Anna Maria Ascolese, Stefano Tomatis, Giacomo Reggiori, Elena Clerici, Elisa Villa, Giulia Maggi, Lorenzo Bello, Federico Pessina, Luca Cozzi, Marta Scorsetti; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):37-44. Published online February 23, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.259

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes of hypofractionated-stereotactic-radiationtherapy (HSRT) in patients re-treated for recurrent high-grade glioma. Materials and Methods From January 2006 to September 2013, 25 patients were treated. Six patients underwent radiation therapy alone, while 19 underwent combined treatment with surgery and/or chemotherapy. Only patients with Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) > 70 and time from previous radiotherapy greater than 6 months were re-irradiated. The mean recurrent tumor volume was 35 cm3 (range, 2.46 to 116.7 cm3), and most of the patients (84%) were treated with a total dose of 25 Gy in five fractions (range, 20 to 50 Gy in 5-10 fractions).
Results
The median follow-up was 18 months (range, 4 to 36 months). The progression-free survival (PFS) at 1 and 2 years was 72% and 34% and the overall survival (OS) 76% and 50%, respectively. No severe toxicity was recorded. In univariate and multivariate analysis extent of resection at diagnosis significantly influenced PFS and OS (p < 0.01). Patients with smaller recurren tumor volume treated had better local control and survival. Indeed, the 2-year PFS was 40% (≤ 50 cm3) versus 11% (p=0.1) and the 2-year OS 56% versus 33% (> 50 cm3), respectively (p=0.26). Conclusion In our experience, HSRT could be a safe and feasible therapeutic option for recurrent high grade glioma even in patients with larger tumors. We believe that a multidisciplinary evaluation is mandatory to assure the best treatment for selected patients. Local treatment should also be considered as part of an integrated approach.

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Definitive Chemoradiotherapy Versus Surgery Followed by Adjuvant Radiotherapy in Resectable Stage III/IV Hypopharyngeal Cancer: Jun Won Kim, Mi Sun Kim, Se-Heon Kim, Joo Hang Kim, Chang Geol Lee, Gwi Eon Kim, Ki Chang Keum; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):45-53. Published online March 13, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.340

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to compare the treatment outcomes for locally advanced resectable hypopharyngeal cancer between organ-preserving chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and surgery followed by radiotherapy (SRT).
Materials and Methods
We reviewed 91 patients with stage III/IV hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated with radiotherapy (RT). In the CRT group (n=34), 18 patients were treated with concurrent CRT and 16 patients with induction chemotherapy plus concurrent CRT. In the SRT group (n=57), six patients were treated with total laryngopharyngectomy, 34 patients with total laryngectomy (TL) and partial pharyngectomy (PP), and 17 patients with PP, which were followed by adjuvant radiotherapy (n=41) or CRT (n=16). The median RT dose was 70 Gy for CRT and 59.4 Gy for SRT.
Results
Five-year local control (84.1% vs. 90.9%), and disease-free survival (DFS, 51.0% vs. 52.7%) and overall survival (OS, 58.6% vs. 56.6%) showed no significant difference between the CRT and SRT groups. The functional larynx-preservation rate was higher in the CRT group (88.2% vs. 29.8%). Treatment-related toxicity, requiring surgical intervention, occurred more frequently in the SRT group (37% vs. 12%). In the SRT group, TL resulted in a significantly higher DFS than larynx-sparing surgery (63.9% vs. 26.5%, p=0.027). Treatment outcome of the SRT group improved when only patients with TL were considered (n=40); however, 5-year OS (67.1% vs. 58.6%, p=0.830) and DFS (63.9% vs. 51.0%, p=0.490) did not improve significantly when compared to the CRT group.
Conclusion
Organ preserving CRT provided a treatment outcome that is comparable to SRT for locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancer, while offering an opportunity for functional larynx-preservation and reduced treatment-related toxicity.

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Emilien Chabrillac, Sébastien Lamy, Pascale Grosclaude, Fanny Cros, Benjamin Vairel, Jérôme Sarini, Sébastien Vergez, Antoine Nebout, Pierre Bories, Agnès Dupret-Bories
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Posttreatment Non-Improved Vocal Cord Mobility Indicates the Need of Salvage Surgery for Hypopharyngeal Carcinomas
Yu-qin He, Xi-wei Zhang, Yi-ming Zhu, Xiao-guang Ni, Ze-hao Huang, Chang-ming An, Jun-lin Yi, Shao-yan Liu
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Joongbo Shin, Jiyeon Lee, Nayoung Hwang, Sung Yong Choi, Woori Park, Nayeon Choi, Young‐Ik Son, Junhun Cho, Han‐Sin Jeong
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Maria Paz Galeano Machuca, Deborah L. Ng, Shyuang‐Der Terng, Wen‐Ching Wu, Chih‐Tao Cheng
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Jialing Wu, Kaiyun You, Changlong Chen, Huimin Zhong, Yanhui Jiang, Huaqian Mo, Juanjuan Song, Xingsheng Qiu, Yimin Liu
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Patricia García-Cabo, Fernando López, Mario Sánchez-Canteli, Laura Fernández-Vañes, César Álvarez-Marcos, José Luis Llorente, Maria Ángeles de la Rúa, Pilar Blay, Juan P. Rodrigo
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Fanny Cros, Sébastien Lamy, Pascale Grosclaude, Antoine Nebout, Emilien Chabrillac, Sébastien Vergez, Pierre Bories, Agnès Dupret-Bories
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Survival Benefits From Surgery for Stage IVa Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Multi-Institutional Analysis of 1,033 Cases
Jun-Ook Park, Young Min Park, Woo-Jin Jeong, Yoo Seob Shin, Yong Tae Hong, Ik Joon Choi, Ji Won Kim, Seung Hoon Woo, Yeon Soo Kim, Jae Won Chang, Min-Sik Kim, Kwang-Yoon Jung, Soon-Hyun Ahn, Chul-Ho Kim, Ki Hwan Hong, Phil-Sang Chung, Young-Mo Kim, Se-Heo
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Nina Burbure, Elizabeth Handorf, John A. Ridge, Jessica Bauman, Jeffrey C. Liu, Anshu Giri, Thomas J. Galloway
Head & Neck.2021; 43(10): 3042. CrossRef
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Jie Cui, Liping Wang, Jinsong Piao, Haiyan Huang, Weiquan Chen, Zhen Chen, Hong Yang, Xiaojun Tan, Jiansheng Li, Genglong Liu
International Journal of Surgery.2020; 82: 249. CrossRef
lncRNA HOXA11-AS Promotes Proliferation and Migration via Sponging miR-155 in Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Jianing Xu, Qiyu Bo, Xiang Zhang, Dapeng Lei, Jue Wang, Xinliang Pan
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Pacientes con carcinoma localmente avanzado de hipofaringe. Resultados a lo largo de un periodo de 30 años
Xavier León, Montserrat López, Jacinto García, Carlota Rovira, María Casasayas, Miquel Quer
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A Survival Analysis of Hypopharyngeal Cancer Patients: A Hospital-Cancer registry Based Study
Manigreeva Krishnatreya, Amal Chandra Kataki, Jagannath Dev Sharma, Nizara Baishya, Tashnin Rahman, Mouchumee Bhattcharyya, Ashok Kumar Das, Manoj Kalita
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery.2019; 71(S1): 798. CrossRef
Long-term oncological and functional outcomes of induction chemotherapy followed by (chemo)radiotherapy vs definitive chemoradiotherapy vs surgery-based therapy in locally advanced stage III/IV hypopharyngeal cancer: Multicenter review of 266 cases
Eun-Jae Chung, Woo-Jin Jeong, Young Ho Jung, Seong Keun Kwon, Tack-Kyun Kwon, Soon-Hyun Ahn, Myung-Whun Sung, Bhumsuk Keam, Dae-Seog Heo, Jin Ho Kim, Hong-Gyun Wu, Keun-Wook Lee, Keun-Yong Eom, Young-Soo Rho
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Surgery is not the only determinant of an outcome in patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma
Robert Smee, Janet R. Williams, Damian P. Kotevski
Head & Neck.2019; 41(5): 1165. CrossRef
Open-neck organ preservation surgery for hypopharyngeal cancer: indications, techniques, limits, and outcomes
Patrick J. Bradley, Liangfa Liu
Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head & Neck Surgery.2019; 27(2): 123. CrossRef
Oncologic and Functional Outcomes After Primary and Salvage Laryngopharyngoesophagectomy With Gastric Pull-Up Reconstruction for Locally Advanced Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Jeroen Meulemans, Floor Couvreur, Eline Beckers, Philippe Nafteux, Hans Van Veer, Vincent Vander Poorten, Pierre Delaere, Willy Coosemans
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Patients With Locally Advanced Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma. Results Over a 30-year Period
Xavier León, Montserrat López, Jacinto García, Carlota Rovira, María Casasayas, Miquel Quer
Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition).2019; 70(6): 315. CrossRef
Clinical value of ultrasonic imaging in diagnosis of hypopharyngeal cancer with cervical lymph node metastasis
Guzi Wang, Xiaoguang Li, Li Li, Dayu Liu, Ruijie Sun, Qiu Zhang, Chenchen Geng, Haitong Gong, Xiaoqian Gao
Oncology Letters.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Management of advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma: systematic review of survival following surgical and non-surgical treatments
A Habib
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Surgery vs. radiotherapy for locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancer in the contemporary era: A population‐based study
Yi‐Jun Kim, Rena Lee
Cancer Medicine.2018; 7(12): 5889. CrossRef
The impact of surgical margin status on the outcomes of locally advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated by primary surgery
Min Li, Ming Xie, Liang Zhou, Shuyi Wang
Acta Oto-Laryngologica.2018; 138(12): 1136. CrossRef
The diagnostic role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in hypopharyngeal carcinoma
Si‑Cong Zhang, Shui‑Hong Zhou, De‑Sheng Shang, Yang‑Yang Bao, Ling‑Xiang Ruan, Ting‑Ting Wu
Oncology Letters.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Matched-pair analysis of patients with advanced hypopharyngeal cancer: surgery versus concomitant chemoradiotherapy
Shigemichi Iwae, Masato Fujii, Ryuichi Hayashi, Yasuhisa Hasegawa, Takashi Fujii, Kenji Okami, Akihiro Homma, Tetsuro Onitsuka, Takakuni Kato, Takenori Ogawa, Kyoichi Terao, Nobuya Monden, Naoki Otsuki, Hiroshi Nishino, Ichiro Ota, Yasushi Fujimoto, Kazut
International Journal of Clinical Oncology.2017; 22(6): 1001. CrossRef
Survival benefit of surgical approach for advanced oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer: A retrospective analysis
Chih-Tao Cheng, Ching-Yuan Lin, Skye Hung-Chun Cheng, Yi-Ping Lin, Lay-Chin Lim, Nicolas Pennarun, Zhen-Ying Liu, Shyuang-Der Terng
Head & Neck.2017; 39(10): 2104. CrossRef
When is definitive radiotherapy the preferred treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma?
William M. Mendenhall, Primož Strojan, Avraham Eisbruch, Robert Smee, Alessandra Rinaldo, Alfio Ferlito
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.2015; 272(10): 2583. CrossRef

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Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis by Tumor Dimension Versus Tumor Biological Properties in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Jeon Yeob Jang, Min Ji Kim, Gwanghui Ryu, Nayeon Choi, Young-Hyeh Ko, Han-Sin Jeong; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):54-62. Published online March 6, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.332

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a strong prognostic factor in many solid cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), and LNM can be dependent upon primary tumor biology, as well as tumor dimension. Here, we investigate the relative risk of LNM in accordance to tumor dimension and biology in HNSCC subsites.
Materials and Methods
Medical data of 295 HNSCC patients who had undergone the initial curative surgery (oral tongue 174, oropharynx 75, hypopharynx 46) were analyzed to identify the significant predictive factor for LNM. Tumor volume and thickness were set as tumor dimensional variables, and biological variables included lymphovascular, perineural invasion, and tumor differentiation. Statistical analyses were conducted to assess the predictability of LNM from variables, and subgroup analyses according to the tumor subsites. In addition, we evaluated the impacts of tumor dimension and biological variables on the treatment outcomes and survival in HNSCC subsites.
Results
The overall tumor dimension and biological variables had a similar impact on the prediction of LNM in HNSCC (area under curve, 0.7682 and 0.7717). The prediction sensitivity of LNM in oral tongue cancer was mainly dependent on tumor dimension, while LNM in oro- and hypo-pharynx cancers was more influenced by biological factors. Survival analyses also confirmed that biological factor was more powerful in estimating disease-free survival of hypopharyngeal cancer patients, while tumor dimension was more significant in that of oral cancer patients.
Conclusion
Tumor dimension and biology have a significant, tumor subsite-dependent impact on the occurrence of LNM and disease-free survival in HNSCC.

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Extra-Capsular Spread of Lymph Node Metastasis in Oral, Oropharyngeal and Hypopharyngeal Cancer: A Comparative Subsite Analysis
Yung Jee Kang, Goeun Park, Sung Yool Park, Taehwan Kim, Eunhye Kim, Yujin Heo, Changhee Lee, Han-Sin Jeong
Cancers.2024; 16(3): 659. CrossRef
The Prognostic Role of Perineural Invasion for Survival in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Zhuo-Ying Tao, Guang Chu, Yu-Xiong Su
Cancers.2024; 16(14): 2514. CrossRef
A preoperative nomogram model for the prediction of lymph node metastasis in buccal mucosa cancer
Qian Chen, Rui Wei, Shan Li
Cancer Medicine.2023; 12(13): 14120. CrossRef
The Prognostic Prediction Value of Positive Lymph Nodes Numbers for the Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Wendu Pang, Yaxin Luo, Junhong Li, Danni Cheng, Yufang Rao, Minzi Mao, Ke Qiu, Yijun Dong, Jun Liu, Jian Zou, Haiyang Wang, Fei Chen
Frontiers in Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Crosstalk between head and neck cancer cells and lymphatic endothelial cells promotes tumor metastasis via CXCL5‐CXCR2 signaling
Bok‐Soon Lee, Jeon Yeob Jang, Chorong Seo, Chul‐Ho Kim
The FASEB Journal.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
A nomogram for predicting occult lymph node metastasis in early hypopharyngeal cancer with cN0
Xiaohui Yuan, Chi-Yao Hsueh, Ming Zhang, Lei Tao, Liang Zhou
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.2021; 278(9): 3515. CrossRef
Individualized elective irradiation of the clinically node‐negative neck in definitive radiotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Jia Kou, Li Lin, Cheng‐Yang Jiao, Meng‐Qiu Tian, Guan‐Qun Zhou, Xue Jiang, Jun Ma, Zhen‐Yu Qi, Yao Lu, Ying Sun
Cancer Communications.2021; 41(4): 303. CrossRef
The prognostic value of tumor depth for cervical lymph node metastasis in hypopharyngeal and supraglottic carcinomas
Lu‐Lu Ye, Jia Rao, Xing‐Wen Fan, Fang‐Fang Kong, Chao‐Su Hu, Hong‐Mei Ying
Head & Neck.2019; 41(7): 2116. CrossRef
Patients with unilateral squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and ipsilateral lymph node metastasis do not profit from bilateral neck dissection
Christoph Klingelhöffer, Andreas Gründlinger, Gerrit Spanier, Stephan Schreml, Maximilian Gottsauner, Steffen Mueller, Johannes K. Meier, Torsten E. Reichert, Tobias Ettl
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.2018; 22(2): 185. CrossRef
Comparison of tumor volume, thickness, and T classification as predictors of outcomes in surgically treated squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue
Manish Mair, Deepa Nair, Sudhir Nair, Akshat Malik, Aseem Mishra, Sadhana Kannan, Saurabh Bobdey, Hitesh Singhvi, Pankaj Chaturvedi
Head & Neck.2018; 40(8): 1667. CrossRef
pN status predicts outcomes in surgically treated pT1–pT2 patients of various disease stages with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a 17-year retrospective single center cohort study
Xu Qian, Branko Sinikovic, Frank Schreiber, Sebastian Ochsenreither, Konrad Klinghammer, Barbara Wollenberg, Andreas M. Kaufmann, Andreas E. Albers
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.2018; 275(11): 2787. CrossRef
Predictive markers for delayed lymph node metastases and survival in early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma
Ivica Luksic, Petar Suton
Head & Neck.2017; 39(4): 694. CrossRef
Measurement of tumor volume is not superior to diameter for prediction of lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer with minute submucosal invasion
Jeung Hui Pyo, Sun-Ju Byeon, Hyuk Lee, Yang Won Min, Byung-Hoon Min, Jun Haeng Lee, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Hyeon Seon Ahn, Kyunga Kim, Yoon-Ho Choi, Jae J. Kim
Oncotarget.2017; 8(69): 113758. CrossRef
Mechanisms of Lymph Node Metastasis in Head and Neck Cancer
Jeon Yeob Jang
Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.2016; 59(4): 259. CrossRef
Analysis of angiogenic markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma-gene and protein expression
Susanne Jung, Sonja Sielker, Nikolai Purcz, Christoph Sproll, Yahya Acil, Johannes Kleinheinz
Head & Face Medicine.2015;[Epub] CrossRef

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Carotid-Sparing TomoHelical 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy for Early Glottic Cancer: Chae-Seon Hong, Dongryul Oh, Sang Gyu Ju, Yong Chan Ahn, Jae Myoung Noh, Kwangzoo Chung, Jin Sung Kim, Tae-Suk Suh; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):63-70. Published online March 6, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.265

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the dosimetric benefits and treatment efficiency of carotid-sparing TomoHelical 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (TH-3DCRT) for early glottic cancer. Materials and Methods Ten early-stage (T1N0M0) glottic squamous cell carcinoma patients were simulated, based on computed tomography scans. Two-field 3DCRT (2F-3DCRT), 3-field intensity-modulated radiation therapy (3F-IMRT), TomoHelical-IMRT (TH-IMRT), and TH-3DCRT plans were generated with a 67.5-Gy total prescription dose to the planning target volume (PTV) for each patient. In order to evaluate the plan quality, dosimetric characteristics were compared in terms of conformity index (CI) and homogeneity index (HI) for PTV, dose to the carotid arteries, and maximum dose to the spinal cord. Treatment planning and delivery times were compared to evaluate treatment efficiency.
Results
The median CI was substantially better for the 3F-IMRT (0.65), TH-IMRT (0.64), and TH-3DCRT (0.63) plans, compared to the 2F-3DCRT plan (0.32). PTV HI was slightly better for TH-3DCRT and TH-IMRT (1.05) compared to 2F-3DCRT (1.06) and 3F-IMRT (1.09). TH-3DCRT, 3F-IMRT, and TH-IMRT showed an excellent carotid sparing capability compared to 2F-3DCRT (p < 0.05). For all plans, the maximum dose to the spinal cord was < 45 Gy. The median treatment planning times for 2F-3DCRT (5.85 minutes) and TH-3DCRT (7.10 minutes) were much lower than those for 3F-IMRT (45.48 minutes) and TH-IMRT (35.30 minutes). The delivery times for 2F-3DCRT (2.06 minutes) and 3F-IMRT (2.48 minutes) were slightly lower than those for TH-IMRT (2.90 minutes) and TH-3DCRT (2.86 minutes). Conclusion TH-3DCRT showed excellent carotid-sparing capability, while offering high efficiency and maintaining good PTV coverage.

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Accelerated three‐dimensional conformal radiotherapy for early‐stage glottic cancer in reducing dose to the internal carotid artery and pharyngeal constrictor muscles
Kento Tomizawa, Atsushi Motegi, Hidekazu Oyoshi, Takeshi Fujisawa, Sadamoto Zenda, Yuzheng Zhou, Masaki Nakamura, Hidenari Hirata, Hidehiro Hojo, Shun‐ichiro Kageyama, Kouta Hirotaki, Kazuto Matsuura, Tetsuo Akimoto
Head & Neck.2024; 46(2): 239. CrossRef
Dosimetric comparison between carotid-sparing IMRT and 3DCRT in early glottic cancer patients treated with definitive radiation therapy
Harkirat Kaur, Niketa Thakur, Ramita Sharma, Meena Sudan, Neeraj Jain, Supreet Kaur, Priyanka Lehal
Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics.2024; 20(1): 327. CrossRef
AAPM Task Group Report 306: Quality control and assurance for tomotherapy: An update to Task Group Report 148
Quan Chen, Yi Rong, Jay W. Burmeister, Edward H. Chao, Nathan A. Corradini, David S. Followill, X. Allen Li, An Liu, X. Sharon Qi, Hairong Shi, Jennifer B. Smilowitz
Medical Physics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Application of error classification model using indices based on dose distribution for characteristics evaluation of multileaf collimator position errors
Heesoon Sheen, Han-Back Shin, Hojae Kim, Changhwan Kim, Jihun Kim, Jin Sung Kim, Chae-Seon Hong
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparison of Carotid Artery Dose in Early-Stage Glottic Cancer Treated with 3D-Conformal, Helical-IMRT and VMAT
B Pires, D Rothwell, I Guimarães, J Sousa, R Magalhães, T Serra, L Khouri, P Alves
Forum of Clinical Oncology.2022; 13(3): 23. CrossRef
Preliminary Simulation Study of Carotid Artery and Pharyngeal Constrictor Muscle Sparing-Radiotherapy in Glottic Carcinoma
Yurday Ozdemir, Ibrahim Acibuci, Ugur Selek, Erkan Topkan
Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Dose-Volume Comparison of IMRT and PSPT Treatment Plans for Early-Stage Glottic Cancer
Takahiro Kato, Nobukazu Fuwa, Masao Murakami
International Journal of Particle Therapy.2020; 7(2): 42. CrossRef
Dosimetric Comparison of Four Different Techniques for Supraclavicular Irradiation in 3D-conformal Radiotherapy of Breast Cancer
Razzagh Abedi Firouzjah, Amin Banaei, Bagher Farhood, Mohsen Bakhshandeh
Health Physics.2019; 116(5): 631. CrossRef
Feasibility of hybrid TomoHelical- and TomoDirect-based volumetric gradient matching technique for total body irradiation
Chae-Seon Hong, Min-Joo Kim, Jihun Kim, Kyung Hwan Chang, Kwangwoo Park, Dong Wook Kim, Min Cheol Han, Hong In Yoon, Jin Sung Kim, Ho Lee
Radiation Oncology.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Standardisation of Target Volume Delineation for Carotid-sparing Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy in Early Glottis Cancer
D.M. Gujral, M. Long, J.W.G. Roe, K.J. Harrington, C.M. Nutting
Clinical Oncology.2017; 29(1): 42. CrossRef
Carotid sparing intensity modulated radiotherapy on early glottic cancer: preliminary study
Hoon Sik Choi, Bae Kwon Jeong, Hojin Jeong, Jin Ho Song, Jin Pyeong Kim, Jung Je Park, Seung Hoon Woo, Ki Mun Kang
Radiation Oncology Journal.2016; 34(1): 26. CrossRef

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The Prognostic Significance of FGFR4 Gly388 Polymorphism in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma after Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy: Hyun-Jeong Shim, Min-Ho Shin, Hee-Nam Kim, Jo-Heon Kim, Jun-Eul Hwang, Woo-Kyun Bae, Ik-Joo Chung, Sang-Hee Cho; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):71-79. Published online May 14, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.018

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) polymorphism in esophageal cancer after chemoradiotherapy (CRT).
Materials and Methods
Peripheral blood samples from 244 patients treated with CRT for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were assessed for the role of FGFR4 genotype on treatment response and survival.
Results
A total of 94 patients were homozygous for the Gly388 allele, and 110 were heterozygous and 40 homozygous for the Arg388 allele. No significant association was found between the FGFR4 genotype and clinicopathological parameters. However, patients carrying the Gly388 allele showed a better overall response rate than Arg388 carriers (p=0.038). In addition, Gly388 allele patients at an earlier stage showed better overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival than Arg388 carriers. Among these, the Gly388 allele showed significantly improved OS compared to Arg388 carriers in the lymph node (LN) metastasis group (p=0.042) compared to the no LN metastasis group (p=0.125). However, similar survival outcomes were observed for advanced-stage disease regardless of genotype.
Conclusion
This result suggests that the role of FGFR4 Gly388 in treatment outcomes differs according to esophageal cancer stage. It showed a predictive role in the response of esophageal cancer patients to CRT with a better trend for OS in Gly388 than Arg388 carriers in the early stages. In particular, LN-positive early-stage patients carrying the Gly388 allele showed improved OS compared to those carrying Arg388.

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Expression of FGF8, FGF18, and FGFR4 in Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinomas
Gerd Jomrich, Xenia Hudec, Felix Harpain, Daniel Winkler, Gerald Timelthaler, Thomas Mohr, Brigitte Marian, Sebastian F. Schoppmann
Cells.2019; 8(9): 1092. CrossRef
Association of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 Genetic Polymorphisms With the Development of Uterine Cervical Cancer and Patient Prognosis
Tze-Ho Chen, Shun-Fa Yang, Yu-Fan Liu, Wea-Lung Lin, Chih-Ping Han, Po-Hui Wang
Reproductive Sciences.2018; 25(1): 86. CrossRef
Prognostic implications of fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 polymorphisms in primary breast cancer
Wei Wei, Zilong You, Shanshan Sun, Yuhang Wang, Xianyu Zhang, Da Pang, Yongdong Jiang
Molecular Carcinogenesis.2018; 57(8): 988. CrossRef
FGFR4 Arg388 Is Correlated with Poor Survival in Resected Colon Cancer Promoting Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition
Sang Hee Cho, Chang Soo Hong, Hee Nam Kim, Min Ho Shin, Ka Rham Kim, Hyun Jeong Shim, Jun Eul Hwang, Woo Kyun Bae, Ik Joo Chung
Cancer Research and Treatment.2017; 49(3): 766. CrossRef
Association between FGFR4 gene polymorphism and high-risk HPV infection cervical cancer
Ya-Ping Li, Lin Zhang, Yu-Liang Zou, Yan Yu
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine.2017; 10(7): 680. CrossRef
Identification of NCCRP1 as an epigenetically regulated tumor suppressor and biomarker for malignant phenotypes of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus
Takashi Miwa, Mitsuro Kanda, Masahiko Koike, Naoki Iwata, Haruyoshi Tanaka, Shinichi Umeda, Chie Tanaka, Daisuke Kobayashi, Masamichi Hayashi, Suguru Yamada, Tsutomu Fujii, Michitaka Fujiwara, Yasuhiro Kodera
Oncology Letters.2017; 14(4): 4822. CrossRef
Roles of FGFR in oral carcinogenesis
Xiaoyan Xie, Zhiyong Wang, Fangman Chen, Yao Yuan, Jiayi Wang, Rui Liu, Qianming Chen
Cell Proliferation.2016; 49(3): 261. CrossRef
Predictive role of Host Constitutive Variants in Neoadjuvant Therapy of Esophageal Cancer
Enrica Rumiato, Elisa Boldrin, Alberto Amadori, Daniela Saggioro
Pharmacogenomics.2016; 17(7): 805. CrossRef
Adherens junctions associated protein 1 serves as a predictor of recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus
Haruyoshi Tanaka, Mitsuro Kanda, Masahiko Koike, Naoki Iwata, Dai Shimizu, Kazuhiro Ezaka, Satoshi Sueoka, Yuri Tanaka, Hideki Takami, Ryoji Hashimoto, Chie Tanaka, Suguru Yamada, Tsutomu Fujii, Goro Nakayama, Hiroyuki Sugimoto, Michitaka Fujiwara, Yasuhi
International Journal of Oncology.2015;[Epub] CrossRef

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Randomized Phase II Study of Pemetrexed Versus Gefitinib in Previously Treated Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Young Saing Kim, Eun Kyung Cho, Hyun Sun Woo, Junshik Hong, Hee Kyung Ahn, Inkeun Park, Sun Jin Sym, Sun Young Kyung, Shin Myung Kang, Jeong-Woong Park, Sung Hwan Jeong, Jinny Park, Jae Hoon Lee, Dong Bok Shin; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):80-87. Published online March 2, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.307

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pemetrexed versus gefitinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) previously treated with chemotherapy. Materials and Methods Patients with advanced (stage IIIB or IV) or recurrent NSCLC were randomly assigned to receive either 500 mg/m² of pemetrexed intravenously every 3 weeks or gefitinib 250 mg/day orally. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 months.
Results
A total of 95 patients were enrolled (47 for pemetrexed and 48 for gefitinib). Most patients were male (72%) and current/ex-smokers (69%), and 80% had non-squamous cell carcinoma. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status was determined in 38 patients (40%); one patient per each arm was positive for EGFRmutation. The 6-month PFS rates were 22% and 15% for pemetrexed and gefitinib, respectively (p=0.35). Both arms showed an identical median PFS of 2.0 months and a median overall survival (OS) of 8.5 months. In EGFR wild-type patients, higher response rate (RR) and longer PFS as well as OS were achieved via pemetrexed compared with gefitinib, although there were no significant differences (RR: 39% vs. 9%, p=0.07; median PFS: 6.6 months vs. 3.1 months, p=0.45; median OS: 29.6 months vs. 12.9 months, p=0.62). Toxicities were mild in both treatment arms. Frequently reported toxicities were anemia and fatigue for pemetrexed, and skin rash and anorexia for gefitinib. Conclusion Both pemetrexed and gefitinib had similar efficacy with good tolerability as second-line treatment in unselected patients with advanced NSCLC. However, pemetrexed is considered more effective than gefitinib for EGFR wild-type patients.

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Himani Aggarwal, Kerigo Ndirangu, Katherine B Winfree, Catherine Elizabeth Muehlenbein, Emily Zhu, Vanita Tongbram, Howard Thom
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Zhihao Zhang, Xiyong Wang, Huaiqing Xiao, Dongqiang Wu, Dongliang Zhang, Qun Yu, Linna Yuan, Tao Huang
Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef
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Xiaoxin Lu, Shengshu Li, Weizong Chen, Dongyang Zheng, Yuzhu Li, Fang Li
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Pemetrexed versus Gefitinib as Second-line Treatment for Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-analysis Based on Randomized Controlled Trials
Huiyu Wang, Zunjing Zhang, Feng Liu, Miaoying Zhou, Handi Lv
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Gefitinib for advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Esther HA Sim, Ian A Yang, Richard Wood-Baker, Rayleen V Bowman, Kwun M Fong
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Pneumonitis in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor: Meta-analysis of 153 cohorts with 15,713 patients
Chong Hyun Suh, Hye Sun Park, Kyung Won Kim, Junhee Pyo, Hiroto Hatabu, Mizuki Nishino
Lung Cancer.2018; 123: 60. CrossRef
Second-Line Treatment of NSCLC—The Pan-ErbB Inhibitor Afatinib in Times of Shifting Paradigms
Jens Köhler
Frontiers in Medicine.2017;[Epub] CrossRef

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Gefitinib-Induced Interstitial Lung Disease in Korean Lung Cancer Patients: Seung-Hoon Beom, Dong-Wan Kim, Sung Hoon Sim, Bhumsuk Keam, Jin Hyun Park, Jeong-Ok Lee, Tae Min Kim, Se-Hoon Lee, Dae Seog Heo; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):88-97. Published online March 3, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.201

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Purpose
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a serious adverse effect of gefitinib. We examined the incidence and clinical characteristics of drug-induced ILD in Korean non-small cell lung carcinoma patients treated with gefitinib. Materials and Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who started gefitinib treatment at Seoul National University Hospital from January 2002 through December 2011. Patients who developed new abnormal radiologic findings with respiratory symptoms after gefitinib treatment were defined as having possible adverse pulmonary reactions. The patients’ medical records were reviewed independently by investigators to identify the causes of pulmonary toxicities. Results Among the 1,114 patients evaluated, 128 patients (11.5%) developed pulmonary adverse reactions after taking gefitinib. An infectious complication occurred in 98 patients (8.8%) and 15 patients (1.3%) developed ILD. Nine of the 15 patients (60.0%) with gefitinib-induced ILD experienced a fatal clinical course that met either the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade 4 (n=3) or grade 5 (n=6). In the multivariate analysis, a lower serum albumin level (≤ 3.0 g/dL) at baseline was significantly associated with the development of gefitinib-induced ILD (odds ratio, 3.91; 95% confidence interval, 1.20 to 12.71). Conclusion The incidence of gefitinib-induced ILD in Korean NSCLC patients was similar to that reported worldwide, but lower than values reported for Japanese population. ILD was usually a lifethreatening adverse effect of gefitinib, and the development of ILD was significantly associated with a lower baseline serum albumin level.

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Risk factors for interstitial lung disease in patients with non-small cell lung cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Yosuke Fukuda, Yoshitaka Uchida, Koichi Ando, Ryo Manabe, Akihiko Tanaka, Hironori Sagara
Respiratory Investigation.2024; 62(3): 481. CrossRef
Valsartan prevents gefitinib-induced lung inflammation, oxidative stress, and alteration of plasma metabolites in rats
Wael A. Alanazi, Hussain N. Alhamami, Ali A. Alshamrani, Faleh Alqahtani, Abdulrahman Alshammari, Khalid Alhazzani, Mohammed Alswayyed
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences.2023; 30(2): 103522. CrossRef
Characteristics and risk of interstitial lung disease in dermatomyositis and polymyositis: a retrospective cohort study in Japan
Qingqing Hu, Kuan-Chih Huang, Choo Hua Goh, Yumi Tsuchiya, Yanfang Liu, Hong Qiu
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Sensorineural hearing loss induced by gefitinib: A CARE-compliant case report and literature reviews
Bao-chen Zhu, Wen-hua Yang, Mao Huang, Jin-gui Wang, Yan Liang, Zhen-zhen Lei, Sha-sha Zhang, Ying Wang, Xiao-di Sun, Ying Gong, Chun-miao Xue, Guo-dong Hua
Medicine.2023; 102(45): e36010. CrossRef
Effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on thyroid function and thyroid hormone metabolism
Alessio Basolo, Antonio Matrone, Rossella Elisei, Ferruccio Santini
Seminars in Cancer Biology.2022; 79: 197. CrossRef
Pulmonary toxicities of molecular targeted antineoplastic agents: a single-center 10-year experience
Min-Young Lee, Seug Yun Yoon, Kyoung Ha Kim, Namsu Lee, Ha Youn Kim, Jung Hwa Hwang, Jong-Ho Won
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2021; 36(3): 689. CrossRef
Management and Prognosis of Interstitial Lung Disease With Lung Cancer (ILD-LC): A Real-World Cohort From Three Medical Centers in China
Xie Xiaohong, Wang Liqiang, Li Na, Lin Xinqing, Qin Yinyin, Liu Ming, Ouyang Ming, Han Qian, Luo Qun, Li Shiyue, Li Chunyan, Wang Xiaoqian, Yang Shuanying, Huang Wei, Liu Mei, Wang Ping, Zhou Chengzhi
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Osimertinib for Japanese patients with T790M‐positive advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer: A pooled subgroup analysis
Tomonori Hirashima, Miyako Satouchi, Toyoaki Hida, Makoto Nishio, Terufumi Kato, Hiroshi Sakai, Fumio Imamura, Katsuyuki Kiura, Isamu Okamoto, Kazuo Kasahara, Hirohiko Uchida, Sarah L. Vowler, Tetsuya Mitsudomi
Cancer Science.2019; 110(9): 2884. CrossRef
Ethnic differences in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: The Japanese perspective
Shigeki Saito, Joseph A. Lasky, Koichi Hagiwara, Yasuhiro Kondoh
Respiratory Investigation.2018; 56(5): 375. CrossRef
Personalized chemotherapy of lung cancer: What the radiologist should know
G.R. Ferretti, E. Reymond, A. Delouche, L. Sakhri, A. Jankowski, D. Moro-Sibilot, S. Lantuejoul, A.C. Toffart
Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging.2016; 97(3): 287. CrossRef
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-Induced Interstitial Lung Disease: Clinical Features, Diagnostic Challenges, and Therapeutic Dilemmas
Rashmi R. Shah
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Combination Therapy of Gefitinib and Korean Herbal Medicines Could be a Beneficial Option for Patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Namhun Lee, Kangwook Lee, Yoon-sik Kim, Chang-Gue Son, Jung-Hyo Cho, Hwa-Seung Yoo, Jonghoon Lee, Juyoung Ryu
Journal of Pharmacopuncture.2016; 19(3): 259. CrossRef
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G. Ferretti, E. Reymond, J. Cohen, A. Jankowski, M. Giaj-Levra, A.C. Toffart, D. Moro-Sibilot
Revue des Maladies Respiratoires Actualités.2016; 8(5): 325. CrossRef

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Is Human Kallikrein 11 in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated Chemoradiotherapy Associated with Survival?: Dilek Unal, Celalettin Eroglu, Arzu Tasdemir, Hatice Karaman, Neslihan Kurtul, Arzu Oguz, Sema Sezgin Goksu, Bunyamin Kaplan; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):98-105. Published online March 13, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.364

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Purpose
Involvement of human kallikreins (hKs) in human cancers has been reported and several hKs are promising biomarkers of various cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of hK11 expression in patients with non-metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Materials and Methods
The study included 44 patients with NSCLC. hK11 expression was determined by immunohistochemical staining.
Results
The estimation of disease-free and overall survival by Kaplan-Meier was 11 months and 17 months, respectively. The estimation of overall survival by Kaplan-Meier was significantly higher in patients with hK11 strongly positive (2+) than in those with hK11 weakly positive (1+) (20 months vs. 11 months, p=0.032). Although not statistically different, the estimation of disease-free survival by Kaplan-Meier was higher in patients with hK11 strongly positive (2+) than in those with hK11 weakly positive (1+) (12 months vs. 9 months, p=0.113). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the overall survival rates were significantly associated with response to chemoradiotherapy and the degree of staining with hK11.
Conclusion
The stronger hK11 expression in NSCLC appears to be associated with better survival rates. hK11 may be a prognostic biomarker of NSCLC.

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Adriana Stuardo-Parada, Rodrigo López-Muñoz, Franz Villarroel-Espindola, Carlos D. Figueroa, Pamela Ehrenfeld
Medical Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Hengning Ke, Rui Yuan, Huan Liu, Mingqi Luo, Hui Hu, Ejuan Zhang, Ke Zhuang, Yong Yang, Rongrong Yang
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The Expression Pattern of ZIC5 and its Prognostic Value in Lung Cancer
Caijun Dong, Xiangguo Li, Kang Li, Chao Zheng, Jianjian Ying
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Markers of Toxicity and Response to Radiation Therapy in Patients With Prostate Cancer
Nicola J. Nasser, Jonathan Klein, Abed Agbarya
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Serum coiled‑coil domain containing 25 protein as a potential screening/diagnostic biomarker for cholangiocarcinoma
Ravinnipa Chanakankun, Tanakorn Proungvitaya, Daraporn Chua‑On, Temduang Limpaiboon, Sittiruk Roytrakul, Apinya Jusakul, Attapol Titapun, Apiwat Jarearnrat, Siriporn Proungvitaya
Oncology Letters.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Kallikrein-related peptidases in lung diseases
Woodys Lenga Ma Bonda, Sophie Iochmann, Mélia Magnen, Yves Courty, Pascale Reverdiau
Biological Chemistry.2018; 399(9): 959. CrossRef
Clinical relevance of kallikrein-related peptidase 9, 10, 11, and 15 mRNA expression in advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer
Xiaocong Geng, Yueyang Liu, Sandra Diersch, Matthias Kotzsch, Sabine Grill, Wilko Weichert, Marion Kiechle, Viktor Magdolen, Julia Dorn, Henning Ulrich
PLOS ONE.2017; 12(11): e0186847. CrossRef
High circulating activin A level is associated with tumor progression and predicts poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma
Mir Alireza Hoda, Anita Rozsas, Elisabeth Lang, Thomas Klikovits, Zoltan Lohinai, Szilvia Torok, Judit Berta, Matyas Bendek, Walter Berger, Balazs Hegedus, Walter Klepetko, Ferenc Renyi-Vamos, Michael Grusch, Balazs Dome, Viktoria Laszlo
Oncotarget.2016; 7(12): 13388. CrossRef

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Effect of Radiation Therapy Techniques on Outcome in N3-positive IIIB Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy: Jae Myoung Noh, Jin Man Kim, Yong Chan Ahn, Hongryull Pyo, BoKyong Kim, Dongryul Oh, Sang Gyu Ju, Jin Sung Kim, Jung Suk Shin, Chae-Seon Hong, Hyojung Park, Eonju Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):106-114. Published online February 12, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.131

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Purpose
This study was conducted to evaluate clinical outcomes following definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for patients with N3-positive stage IIIB (N3-IIIB) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with a focus on radiation therapy (RT) techniques. Materials and Methods From May 2010 to November 2012, 77 patients with N3-IIIB NSCLC received definitive CCRT (median, 66 Gy). RT techniques were selected individually based on estimated lung toxicity, with 3-dimensional conformal RT (3D-CRT) and intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) delivered to 48 (62.3%) and 29 (37.7%) patients, respectively. Weekly docetaxel/paclitaxel plus cisplatin (67, 87.0%) was the most common concurrent chemotherapy regimen.
Results
The median age and clinical target volume (CTV) were 60 years and 288.0 cm3, respectively. Patients receiving IMRT had greater disease extent in terms of supraclavicular lymph node (SCN) involvement and CTV ≥ 300 cm3. The median follow-up time was 21.7 months. Fortyfive patients (58.4%) experienced disease progression, most frequently distant metastasis (39, 50.6%). In-field locoregional control, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) rates at 2 years were 87.9%, 38.7%, and 75.2%, respectively. Although locoregional control was similar between RT techniques, patients receiving IMRT had worse PFS and OS, and SCN metastases from the lower lobe primary tumor and CTV ≥ 300 cm3were associated with worse OS. The incidence and severity of toxicities did not differ significantly between RT techniques. Conclusion IMRT could lead to similar locoregional control and toxicity, while encompassing a greater disease extent than 3D-CRT. The decision to apply IMRT should be made carefully after considering oncologic outcomes associated with greater disease extent and cost.

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Pneumonitis Risk After Chemoradiotherapy With and Without Immunotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Chong Han, Jingping Qiu, Lu Bai, Tingting Liu, Jun Chen, He Wang, Jun Dang
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2024; 119(4): 1179. CrossRef
“Mid-P strategy” versus “internal target volume strategy in locally advanced non small cell lung cancer: Clinical results from the randomized non-comparative phase II study Mid-P
Line Claude, Camille Schiffler, Vanina Isnardi, Séverine Metzger, Sophie Darnis, Isabelle Martel-Lafay, Thomas Baudier, Simon Rit, David Sarrut, Myriam Ayadi
Radiotherapy and Oncology.2024; 199: 110435. CrossRef
Comparison of post-chemoradiotherapy pneumonitis between Asian and non-Asian patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Tingting Liu, Sihan Li, Silu Ding, Jingping Qiu, Chengbo Ren, Jun Chen, He Wang, Xiaoling Wang, Guang Li, Zheng He, Jun Dang
eClinicalMedicine.2023; 64: 102246. CrossRef
The effect of radiotherapy and surgery on stage IIIA/B NSCLC patients treated with chemotherapy
Y. Zeng, G. Wang, H. Zheng, Y. Wang, G. Ma, Z. Pang, J. Du
International Journal of Radiation Research.2023; 21(3): 475. CrossRef
Toxicity of Proton Therapy versus Photon Therapy on Salvage Re-Irradiation for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Kyungmi Yang, Yang-Gun Suh, Hyunju Shin, Hongryull Pyo, Sung Ho Moon, Yong Chan Ahn, Dongryul Oh, Eunah Chung, Kwanghyun Jo, Jae Myoung Noh
Life.2022; 12(2): 292. CrossRef
Durvalumab After Chemoradiation for Unresectable Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Inferior Outcomes and Lack of Health Equity in Hispanic Patients Treated With PACIFIC Protocol (LA1-CLICaP)
Luis E. Raez, Oscar Arrieta, Diego F. Chamorro, Pamela Denisse Soberanis-Piña, Luis Corrales, Claudio Martín, Mauricio Cuello, Suraj Samtani, Gonzalo Recondo, Luis Mas, Zyanya Lucia Zatarain-Barrón, Alejandro Ruíz-Patiño, Juan Esteban García-Robledo, Cami
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Sunmin Park, Won Sup Yoon, Mi Hee Jang, Chai Hong Rim
Medicina.2021; 57(3): 301. CrossRef
Salvage proton beam therapy for locoregional recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer
Hyunju Shin, Jae Myoung Noh, Hongryull Pyo, Yong Chan Ahn, Dongryul Oh
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F. Guillemin, L. Berger, M. Lapeyre, A. Bellière-Calandry
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Real world data of durvalumab consolidation after chemoradiotherapy in stage III non-small-cell lung cancer
Hyun Ae Jung, Jae Myoung Noh, Jong-Mu Sun, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Myung-Ju Ahn, Hongryull Pyo, Yong Chan Ahn, Keunchil Park
Lung Cancer.2020; 146: 23. CrossRef
Early blood rise in auto‑antibodies to nuclear and smooth muscle antigens is predictive of prolonged survival and autoimmunity in metastatic‑non‑small cell lung cancer patients treated with PD‑1 immune‑check point blockade by nivolumab
Rocco Giannicola, Graziella D'Arrigo, Cirino Botta, Rita Agostino, Pietro Del Medico, Antonia Falzea, Vito Barbieri, Nicoletta Staropoli, Teresa Del Giudice, Pierpaolo Pastina, Valerio Nardone, Marika Monoriti, Graziella Calabrese, Giovanni
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Early tumor shrinkage served as a prognostic factor for patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Min Wei, Qingqing Ye, Xuan Wang, Men Wang, Yan Hu, Yonghua Yang, Jiyuan Yang, Jun Cai
Medicine.2018; 97(19): e0632. CrossRef
Dosimetric advantages of intensity modulated radiation therapy in locally advanced lung cancer
John Boyle, Brad Ackerson, Lin Gu, Chris R. Kelsey
Advances in Radiation Oncology.2017; 2(1): 6. CrossRef
Normal lung sparing Tomotherapy technique in stage III lung cancer
Chae-Seon Hong, Sang Gyu Ju, Yong Chan Ahn, Gyu Sang Yoo, Jae Myoung Noh, Dongryul Oh, Kwangzoo Chung, Hongryull Pyo, Kwanghyun Jo
Radiation Oncology.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
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Pierre Truntzer, Delphine Antoni, Nicola Santelmo, Catherine Schumacher, Pierre-Emmanuel Falcoz, Elisabeth Quoix, Gilbert Massard, Georges Noël
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Minal S. Kale, Grace Mhango, Marcelo Bonomi, Alex Federman, Keith Sigel, Kenneth E. Rosenzweig, Juan P. Wisnivesky
Annals of the American Thoracic Society.2016; 13(9): 1593. CrossRef

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Simultaneous Detection of Disseminated and Circulating Tumor Cells in Primary Breast Cancer Patients: Andreas D. Hartkopf, Markus Wallwiener, Markus Hahn, Tanja N. Fehm, Sara Y. Brucker, Florin-Andrei Taran; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):115-124. Published online February 16, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.287

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) from bone marrow (BM) are a surrogate of minimal residual disease (MRD) in primary breast cancer (PBC) patients and associated with an adverse prognosis. However, BM sampling is an invasive procedure. Although there is growing evidence that circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from the blood are also suitable for monitoring MRD, data on the simultaneous detection of DTCs and CTCs are limited. Materials and Methods We determined the presence of DTCs using immunocytochemistry and the pan-cytokeratin antibody A45-B/B3. CTCs were determined simultaneously using a reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction–based assay (AdnaTest Breast Cancer) and CellSearch (at least one CTC per 7.5 mL blood). We compared the detection of DTCs and CTCs and evaluated their impact on disease-free and overall survival.
Results
Of 585 patients, 131 (22%) were positive for DTCs; 19 of 202 (9%) and 18 of 383 (5%) patients were positive for CTCs, as shown by AdnaTest and CellSearch, respectively. No significant association was observed between DTCs and CTCs (p=0.248 and p=0.146 as shown by AdnaTest and CellSearch, respectively). The presence of DTCs (p=0.046) and the presence of CTCs as shown by CellSearch (p=0.007) were predictive of disease-free survival. Conclusion Our data confirm the prognostic relevance of DTCs and CTCs in patients with PBC. As we found no significant relationship between DTCs and CTCs, prospective trials should include their simultaneous detection. Within those trials, the question of whether or not DTCs and CTCs are independent subpopulations of malignant cell clones should be determined by molecular characterization.

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Alexey S. Rzhevskiy, Guzel R. Sagitova, Tamilla A. Karashaeva, Andrey O. Morozov, Anastasia S. Fatyanova, Vlada V. Kazantseva, Simon A. Joosse, Andrei V. Zvyagin, Majid Ebrahimi Warkini
Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2025; 206: 104579. CrossRef
High serum levels of leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG-1) are associated with poor survival in patients with early breast cancer
Andy Göbel, Tilman D. Rachner, Oliver Hoffmann, Daniel Martin Klotz, Sabine Kasimir-Bauer, Rainer Kimmig, Lorenz C. Hofbauer, Ann-Kathrin Bittner
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Circulating tumor cells in early lobular versus ductal breast cancer and their associations with prognosis
Silver Alkhafaji, Denise M. Wolf, Mark Jesus M. Magbanua, Laura J. van ‘t Veer, John W. Park, Laura Esserman, Rita A. Mukhtar
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Correlation between Imaging Markers Derived from PET/MRI and Invasive Acquired Biomarkers in Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer
Kai Jannusch, Ann-Kathrin Bittner, Nils Martin Bruckmann, Janna Morawitz, Cleo Stieglitz, Frederic Dietzel, Harald H. Quick, Hideo A. Baba, Ken Herrmann, Lale Umutlu, Gerald Antoch, Julian Kirchner, Sabine Kasimir-Bauer, Oliver Hoffmann
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The Role of Circulating Tumor Cells in Breast Cancer and Implications for Radiation Treatment Decisions
Chelain R. Goodman, Corey W. Speers
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2021; 109(1): 44. CrossRef
Disseminated tumour cells from the bone marrow of early breast cancer patients: Results from an international pooled analysis
Andreas D. Hartkopf, Sara Y. Brucker, Florin-Andrei Taran, Nadia Harbeck, Alexandra von Au, Bjørn Naume, Jean-Yves Pierga, Oliver Hoffmann, Matthias W. Beckmann, Lisa Rydén, Tanja Fehm, Rebecca Aft, Montserrat Solà, Vincent Walter, Brigitte Rack, Florian
European Journal of Cancer.2021; 154: 128. CrossRef
The Role of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Metastatic Cascade: Biology, Technical Challenges, and Clinical Relevance
Hassan Dianat-Moghadam, Mehdi Azizi, Zahra Eslami-S, Luis Enrique Cortés-Hernández, Maryam Heidarifard, Mohammad Nouri, Catherine Alix-Panabières
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Taja Lozar, Klara Gersak, Maja Cemazar, Cvetka Grasic Kuhar, Tanja Jesenko
Radiology and Oncology.2019; 53(2): 131. CrossRef
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Sepideh Mansouri, Parisa Mokhtari-Hesari, Fatemeh Naghavi-al-Hosseini, Keivan Majidzadeh-A, Leila Farahmand
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy.2019; 14(6): 519. CrossRef
Synchronous Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells in Blood and Disseminated Tumor Cells in Bone Marrow Predicts Adverse Outcome in Early Breast Cancer
Mark Jesus M. Magbanua, Christina Yau, Denise M. Wolf, Jin Sun Lee, Aheli Chattopadhyay, Janet H. Scott, Erin Bowlby-Yoder, E. Shelley Hwang, Michael Alvarado, Cheryl A. Ewing, Amy L. Delson, Laura J. van't Veer, Laura Esserman, John W. Park
Clinical Cancer Research.2019; 25(17): 5388. CrossRef
Simultaneous detection of circulating and disseminated tumor cells in primary breast cancer patients following neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Vincent P. Walter, Florin-Andrei Taran, Markus Wallwiener, Markus Hahn, Sara Y. Brucker, Andreas D. Hartkopf
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics.2018; 297(3): 785. CrossRef
Clinical applications of the CellSearch platform in cancer patients
Sabine Riethdorf, Linda O'Flaherty, Claudia Hille, Klaus Pantel
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Russian Journal of Biotherapy.2018; 17(1): 53. CrossRef
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Sreeraj G. Pillai, Peixuan Zhu, Chidananda M. Siddappa, Daniel L. Adams, Shuhong Li, Olga V. Makarova, Pete Amstutz, Ryan Nunley, Cha-Mei Tang, Mark A. Watson, Rebecca L. Aft, Harriet Wikman
PLOS ONE.2017; 12(1): e0170761. CrossRef
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Clinical Breast Cancer.2016; 16(6): e187. CrossRef
Detection and prevalence of disseminated tumor cells from the bone marrow of early stage male breast cancer patients
Andreas D. Hartkopf, Florin-Andrei Taran, Christina B. Walter, Markus Hahn, Tanja Fehm, Markus Wallwiener, Sara Y. Brucker
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.2015; 152(1): 51. CrossRef
Expression of truncated human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 on circulating tumor cells of breast cancer patients
Galatea Kallergi, Sofia Agelaki, Maria A. Papadaki, Dimitris Nasias, Alexios Matikas, Dimitris Mavroudis, Vassilis Georgoulias
Breast Cancer Research.2015;[Epub] CrossRef

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The Expression of Carbonic Anhydrase (CA) IX/XII and Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Breast Cancer: Keun-Yong Eom, Min Hye Jang, So Yeon Park, Eun Young Kang, Sung Won Kim, Jee Hyun Kim, Jae-Sung Kim, In Ah Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):125-132. Published online March 3, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.243

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The aim of study was to test by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining whether carbonic anhydrase (CA) 9 and 12 have an effect on sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis in early breast cancer and to find clinicopathologic factors associated with SLN metastasis.
Materials and Methods
Between June 2003 and June 2011, medical records of 470 patients diagnosedwith breast cancer with pT1-2, pN0-2, and M0 were reviewed. Of these 470, 314 patients who underwent SLN biopsy±axillary dissection were subjects of this study. Using tissue microarray, IHC staining for CA9 and CA12 was performed. Clinicopathologic factors such as patient age, tumour size, lymphatic invasion, hormone receptor status, and the Ki-67 labeling index were analysed together.
Results
The mean age of all patients was 51.7 years. The mean number of harvested SLN was 3.62, and 212 patients (67.5%) had negative SLN. Lymphatic invasion, the Ki-67 labelling index of primary tumours, and CA9 staining of stromal cells, were independent risk factors for SLN metastasis in the multivariate analysis. In 33 patients (10.5%) without the three risk factors, no patient had SLN metastasis. In 80 patients without lymphatic invasion of primary tumours or CA9 staining of stromal cells, only four patients (5%) had positive SLN.
Conclusion
CA9 staining of stromal cells is an independent risk factor for SLN metastasis as well as lymphatic invasion and a low Ki-67 labelling index of primary tumours in patients with early breast cancer. IHC staining of primary tumours for CA12was not associatedwith SLN metastasis.

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Satoshi Suzuki, Masakazu Yashiro, Nobuhiro Izumi, Takuma Tsukioka, Hidetoshi Inoue, Kantaro Hara, Ryuichi Ito, Takuya Tanimura, Noritoshi Nishiyama, Domenico Albano
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(10): e0312846. CrossRef
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Impact of Molecular Subtype Conversion of Breast Cancers after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Clinical Outcome: Siew Kuan Lim, Moo Hyun Lee, In Hae Park, Ji Young You, Byung-Ho Nam, Byeong Nam Kim, Jungsil Ro, Keun Seok Lee, So-Youn Jung, Young Mee Kwon, Eun Sook Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):133-141. Published online April 7, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.262

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The aim of this study was to examine molecular subtype conversions in patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and analyze their clinical implications.
Materials and Methods
We included consecutive breast cancer patients who received NAC at the National Cancer Center, Korea, between August 2002 and June 2011, and had available data on estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) receptor status prior to NAC. Molecular subtypes, hormone receptor (HR) status, and ER and PR Allred scores before and after NAC were compared, and the long-term outcomes were analyzed.
Results
Of 322 patients, 32 (9.9%) achieved a pathologic complete response after NAC. HR+/HER2– tumors tended to convert into triple negative (TN) tumors (10.3%), whereas 34.6% of TN tumors gained HR positivity to become HR+/HER2– tumors. Clinical outcomes of molecular subtype conversion groups were compared against patients who remained as HR+/HER2– throughout. The HR+/HER2– to TN group had significantly poorer recurrencefree survival (RFS) (hazard ratio, 3.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.60 to 7.85) and overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio, 3.73; 95% CI, 1.34 to 10.38). Patients who remained TN throughout had the worst outcomes (for RFS: hazard ratio, 3.70; 95% CI, 1.86 to 7.36; for OS: hazard ratio, 5.85; 95% CI, 2.53 to 13.51), while those who converted from TN to HR+/HER2– showed improved comparable survival outcomes.
Conclusion
Molecular subtypes of breast cancers changed frequently after NAC, resulting in different tumor prognostication. Tumor subtyping should be repeated after NAC in patients with breast cancer.

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Comprehensive evaluation of the relationship between biomarker profiles and neoadjuvant chemotherapy outcomes for breast cancer patients
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CD44 Variant 9 Serves as a Poor Prognostic Marker in Early Gastric Cancer, But Not in Advanced Gastric Cancer: Se-Il Go, Gyung Hyuck Ko, Won Sup Lee, Rock Bum Kim, Jeong-Hee Lee, Sang-Ho Jeong, Young-Joon Lee, Soon Chan Hong, Woo Song Ha; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):142-152. Published online March 17, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.227

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The present study is to investigate the significance of CD44 variant 9 (CD44v9) expression as a biomarker in primary gastric cancer.
Materials and Methods
With various gastric tissues, we performed immunohistochemical staining for CD44v9.
Results
The positive expression rates for CD44v9 in tumor, including adenoma, early gastric cancer (EGC), and advanced gastric cancer (AGC), were higher than those in non-tumor tissues (p = 0.003). In addition, the higher expression for CD44v9 was observed as the tissue becomes malignant. In the analysis of 333 gastric cancer tissues, we found that positive expression rates for CD44v9 were higher in the intestinal type or well differentiated gastric cancer than in the diffuse type or poorly differentiated gastric cancer. Interestingly, the positive expression indicated poor prognosis in EGC (5-YSR in stage I, 81.7% vs 95.2%; p = 0.013), but not in AGC (5-YSR in stage II, 66.9% vs 62.2%; p = 0.821, 5-YSR in stage III, 34.5% vs 32.0%; p = 0.929). Moreover, strong positive expression (3+) showed a trend suggesting worse prognosis only in EGC, and it appeared to be associated with lymph node metastasis.
Conclusion
This study suggests that CD44v9 may be a good biomarker for prognosis prediction and for chemoprevention or biomarker-driven therapies only for EGC.

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The Role of Plasma Chromogranin A as Assessment of Treatment Response in Non-functioning Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Moonjin Kim, Sujin Lee, Jeeyun Lee, Se Hoon Park, Joon Oh Park, Young Suk Park, Won Ki Kang, Seung Tae Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):153-161. Published online March 7, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.183

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Chromogranin A (CgA) has been considered to be valuable not only in the diagnosis but also in monitoring the disease response to treatment. However, only a few studies have been published on this issue. We purposed to evaluate whether biochemical response using plasma CgA level is reliable in concordance with the clinical response of grade 1-3 nonfunctiong gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). Materials and Methods Between March 2011 and September 2013, a total of 27 cases in 18 patients were analysed, clinically and radiologically while serial CgA tests were also conducted during treatment. Tumor responses were defined by both Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria ver. 1.1 and biochemical criteria based on the CgA level.
Results
Among the 27 cases analysed, no difference in the basal CgA level was observed with regard to gender, primary tumor site, tumor grade (World Health Organization classification), liver metastasis, number of metastatic site, and line of chemotherapy. The overall response rate (RR) by RECIST criteria ver. 1.1 was six out of the 27 cases (22.2%) and eight out of the 27 cases (29.6%) for biochemical RR. The overall concordance rates of the response based on RECIST and biochemical criteria were 74%. In grades 1 and 2 GEP-NETs (n=17), the concordance rate of the disease control was 94.1%. There was a significant difference for progression- free survival (PFS) between responders and non-responder in accordance to biochemical criteria (35.73 months vs. 5.93 months, p=0.05). Conclusion This study revealed that changes of the plasma CgA levels were associated with tumour response. Additionally, biochemical response based on serial CgA may be a predictive marker for PFS in GEP-NETs.

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Daphne M. V. Huizing, Else A. Aalbersberg, Michelle W. J. Versleijen, Margot E. T. Tesselaar, Iris Walraven, Max J. Lahaye, Berlinda J. de Wit–van der Veen, Marcel P. M. Stokkel
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Severe Imatinib-Associated Skin Rash in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Patients: Management and Clinical Implications: Sook Ryun Park, Min-Hee Ryu, Baek-Yeol Ryoo, Mo Youl Beck, In Soon Lee, Mi Jung Choi, Mi Woo Lee, Yoon-Koo Kang; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):162-170. Published online September 1, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.017

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study evaluated the incidence of imatinib-associated skin rash, the interventional outcomes of severe rash, and impact of severe rash on the outcomes of imatinib treatment in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) patients.
Materials and Methods
A total of 620 patients were administered adjuvant or palliative imatinib for GIST at Asan Medical Center between January 2000 and July 2012. This analysis focused on a group of 42 patients who developed a severe rash requiring major interventions, defined as dose interruption or reduction of imatinib or systemic steroid use.
Results
Of the 620 patients treated with imatinib, 148 patients (23.9%) developed an imatinibassociated skin rash; 42 patients (6.8%) developed a severe rash requiring major intervention. Of these, 28 patients (66.8%) successfully continued imatinib with interventions. Serial blood eosinophil levels during imatinib treatment were associated with skin rash and severity. A significant association was observed between successful intervention and blood eosinophil level at the time of intervention initiation. In metastatic settings, patients with severe rash requiring major interventions tended to show poorer progression-free survival than patients who did not require major intervention and patients with no rash, although this finding was not statistically significant (p=0.326).
Conclusion
By aggressive treatment of severe rash through modification of imatinib dose or use of systemic steroid, the majority of patients can continue on imatinib. In particular, imatinib dose intensity can be maintained with use of systemic steroid. Measuring the blood eosinophil levels may be helpful in guiding the management plan for skin rash regarding the intensity and duration of interventions.

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Lichenoid and psoriasiform drug induced rush during imatinib therapy: a clinical case
Albina N. Khlebnikova, Valentina E. Shikina, Gayane E. Bagramova
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Untargeted metabolomics analysis reveals the potential mechanism of imatinib-induced skin rash in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor
Xiao Huang, Linhua Chen, Li Liu, Hefen Chen, Zhujun Gong, Jianbo Lyu, Yao Li, Qi Jiang, Xiangyu Zeng, Peng Zhang, Hong Zhou
International Immunopharmacology.2024; 140: 112728. CrossRef
Imatinib-induced maculopapular drug rash
Yogesh Devaraj, Shaik M Obeidullah, Taranpreet K Kalra, Rashmi R Mallya, Priyanka Y Yadav
Indian Journal of Drugs in Dermatology.2023; 9(2): 82. CrossRef
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Yeong Hak Bang, Min‐Hee Ryu, Hyung‐Don Kim, Hyung Eun Lee, Yoon‐Koo Kang
International Journal of Cancer.2022; 151(10): 1770. CrossRef
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Eo Jin Kim, Min-Hee Ryu, Sook Ryun Park, Mo Youl Beck, Woo Jin Lee, Mi Woo Lee, Yoon-Koo Kang
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Andrew Hwang, Andrew Iskandar, Michael del Rosario, Constantin A Dasanu
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Jwa Hoon Kim, Min‐Hee Ryu, Changhoon Yoo, Heejung Chae, Hana Na, Moyoul Beck, Beom Su Kim, Moon‐Won Yoo, Jeong Hwan Yook, Byung Sik Kim, Ki‐Hun Kim, Chan Wook Kim, Yoon‐Koo Kang
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A successful approach to overcome imatinib-induced skin toxicity in a GIST patient
Ingrid M.E. Desar, Carla M.L. van Herpen, Nielka P. van Erp, Suzanne E.J. Kaal, Peter C.M. van de Kerkhof, Winette T.A. van der Graaf
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The Impact of Diabetes Mellitus and Metformin Treatment on Survival of Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy: Younak Choi, Tae-Yong Kim, Do-Youn Oh, Kyung-Hun Lee, Sae-Won Han, Seock-Ah Im, Tae-You Kim, Yung-Jue Bang; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):171-179. Published online March 13, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.292

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
A causal relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and pancreatic cancer is well established. However, in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (APC) who receive palliative chemotherapy, the impact of DM on the prognosis of APC is unclear. Materials and Methods We retrospectively enrolled APC patients who received palliative chemotherapy between 2003 and 2010. The patients were stratified according to the status of DM, in accordance with 2010 DM criteria (American Heart Association/American Diabetes Association). DM at least 2 years’ duration prior to diagnosis of APC was defined as remote-onset DM (vs. recent-onset).
Results
Of the 349 APC patients, 183 (52.4%) had DM. Among the patients with DM, 160 patients had DM at the time of diagnosis of APC (remote-onset, 87; recent-onset, 73) and the remaining 23 patients developed DM during treatment of APC. Ultimately, 73.2% of patients (134/183) with DM received antidiabetic medication, including metformin (56 patients, 41.8%), sulfonylurea (62, 45.5%), and insulin (43, 32.1%). In multivariate analysis, cancer extent (hazard ratio [HR], 1.792; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.313 to 2.445; p < 0.001) showed association with decreased overall survival (OS), whereas a diagnosis of DM (HR, 0.788; 95% CI, 0.615 to 1.009; p=0.059) conferred positive tendency on the OS. Metformin treatment itself conferred better OS in comparison within DM patients (HR 0.693; 95% CI, 0.492 to 0.977; p=0.036) and even in all APC patients (adjusted HR, 0.697; 95% CI, 0.491 to 1.990; p=0.044). Conclusion For APC patients receiving palliative chemotherapy, metformin treatment is associated with longer OS. Patients with DM tend to survive longer than those without DM.

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The Prognostic Role of Mitotic Index in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients after Curative Hepatectomy: Sang Yun Ha, Misun Choi, Taebum Lee, Cheol-Keun Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):180-189. Published online March 18, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.321

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
High proliferation rate is a hallmark of cancer. The mitotic index is a useful and simple method for analysis of cell proliferation. However, the practical utility of mitotic index as a predictor of prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been determined. Therefore, we examined mitotic index as a prognostic marker in HCC patients.
Materials and Methods
We counted the number of mitotic cells in 10 high-power fields of the tumor area on hematoxylin and eosin–stained slides representing 282 surgically resected HCCs. The highest number of mitotic cells was defined as the mitotic index.
Results
High mitotic index was observed in 127 of 282 HCCs. High mitotic index showed significant association with younger age, larger tumor size, higher Edmondson grade, microvascular invasion, major portal vein invasion, intrahepatic metastasis, higher American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) T-stage, higher Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage, higher alpha-fetoprotein level, hepatitis B virus etiology, and liver cirrhosis. Patients with high mitotic index had shorter disease-specific survival (DSS) (p < 0.001) and tended to have shorter recurrence-free survival (p=0.112). In subgroup analysis among patients with a larger tumor size, microvascular invasion, intrahepatic metastasis, higher AJCC T-stage, and higher BLCL stage, high mitotic index showed unfavorable influences on DSS (p=0.001, p=0.008, p=0.003, p=0.012, and p < 0.001, respectively). In addition, high mitotic index was an independent predictor of shorter DSS (p=0.004).
Conclusion
High mitotic index may be a novel predictor of DSS in patients with HCC and may have utility as an auxiliary prognostic factor in HCC.

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Inositol 1,4,5‑trisphosphate receptor type 3 is involved in resistance to apoptosis and maintenance of human hepatocellular carcinoma
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Nimbolide inhibits tumor growth by restoring hepatic tight junction protein expression and reduced inflammation in an experimental hepatocarcinogenesis
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Evaluation of the role of Notch1 expression in hepatic carcinogenesis with clinico-pathological correlation
Heba Hany, Asem Shalaby, Wagdi Al Kashef, Wageha Kandil, Rehab-Allah Shahin, Hatem El-Alfy, Tarek Besheer, Raghda Farag, Mie Mohamed
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Asialoglycoprotein receptor targeted delivery of doxorubicin nanoparticles for hepatocellular carcinoma
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Clinical Benefit of Hepatic Arterial Infusion Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis: Hong In Yoon, Ki Jun Song, Ik Jae Lee, Do Young Kim, Kwang-Hyub Han, Jinsil Seong; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):190-197. Published online March 5, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.276

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether hepatic arterial infusion concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) could improve overall survival (OS) in patients with locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (LAHCC). Materials and Methods Two databases were reviewed from Yonsei Cancer Center (YCC) and Korean Liver Cancer Study Group (KLCSG) nationwide multi-center hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cohort. The CCRT group included 106 patients, with stage III-IV, Child-Pugh classification A, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 or 1, who underwent definitive CCRT as the initial treatment at YCC. We used propensity score matching to adjust for seven clinical factors, including age, tumor size, TNM stage by the Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan, T stage, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system, etiology of HCC, and portal vein invasion, which all differed significantly in the two databases. From the KLCSG cohort enrolled at 32 institutions, 106 patients for the non-CCRT group were defined. Results After propensity score matching, all patient characteristics were balanced between the two groups. The CCRT group had better OS (median, 11.4) than the non-CCRT group (6.6 months; p=0.02). In multivariate analyses for all patients, CCRT (hazard ratio [HR], 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11 to 1.97; p=0.007), tumor size (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.12; p < 0.001), and BCLC stage (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.8; p=0.003) were independent prognostic factors for OS. Conclusion CCRT showed better OS for LAHCC patients. In LAHCC patients with a good performance and normal liver function, CCRT could be a feasible treatment option. All of these findings need to be validated in prospective clinical trials.

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Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis: A meta‑analysis
Wangyi Xuan, Xiaoming Zhang, Yingying Fang, Yueming Zhang, Zhiyi Xiang, Yifei Yu, Qingping Wu, Xingfen Zhang
Oncology Letters.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Liver-Directed Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy versus Sorafenib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis
Jina Kim, Hwa Kyung Byun, Tae Hyung Kim, Sun Il Kim, Beom Kyung Kim, Seung Up Kim, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Jinsil Seong
Cancers.2022; 14(10): 2396. CrossRef
Selection Strategy of Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Unoperated Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Advances in Clinical Medicine.2022; 12(08): 7520. CrossRef
Progress in Transformation Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Cancer Thrombus
雍博周
Advances in Clinical Medicine.2022; 12(12): 11521. CrossRef
Efficacy and Safety of Liver-Directed Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy and Sequential Sorafenib for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Prospective Phase 2 Trial
Beom Kyung Kim, Do Young Kim, Hwa Kyung Byun, Hye Jin Choi, Seung-Hoon Beom, Hye Won Lee, Seung Up Kim, Jun Yong Park, Sang Hoon Ahn, Jinsil Seong, Kwang-Hyub Han
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2020; 107(1): 106. CrossRef
Successful palliative radiation therapy for hemobilia and obstructive jaundice due to bile duct invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report
Shinya Endo, Shinya Kawaguchi, Kazuhisa Asahara, Ryosuke Itai, Shuzo Terada, Naofumi Shirane, Kengo Kuriyama
Kanzo.2020; 61(9): 447. CrossRef
Dose escalation by intensity modulated radiotherapy in liver-directed concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced BCLC stage C hepatocellular carcinoma
Hwa Kyung Byun, Hyun Ju Kim, Yoo Ri Im, Do Young Kim, Kwang-Hyub Han, Jinsil Seong
Radiotherapy and Oncology.2019; 133: 1. CrossRef
Strategic application of radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma
Seo Hee Choi, Jinsil Seong
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2018; 24(2): 114. CrossRef
Factors affecting survival after concurrent chemoradiation therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study
Ja Kyung Kim, Jun Won Kim, Ik Jae Lee, Seung-Moon Joo, Kwang-Hun Lee, Eun-Suk Cho, Jeong-Sik Yu, Tae Joo Jeon, Yonsoo Kim, Jung Il Lee, Kwan Sik Lee
Radiation Oncology.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Transarterial Radioembolization Versus Concurrent Chemoradiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Jeong Eun Song, Kyu Sik Jung, Do Young Kim, Kijun Song, Jong Yun Won, Hye Won Lee, Beom Kyung Kim, Seung Up Kim, Jun Yong Park, Sang Hoon Ahn, Jinsil Seong, Kwang-Hyub Han
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2017; 99(2): 396. CrossRef
Conditional survival estimate in patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B/C hepatocellular carcinoma treated with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with/without concurrent radiotherapy
In Rae Cho, Hye Won Lee, Ki Jun Song, Beom Kyung Kim, Seung Up Kim, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Jinsil Seong, Kwang-Hyub Han, Jun Yong Park
Oncotarget.2017; 8(45): 79914. CrossRef
Radiotherapy as valid modality for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis
Jeong Il Yu, Hee Chul Park
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2016; 22(30): 6851. CrossRef
The effect of radiotherapy in liver-confined but non-resectable Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C large hepatocellular carcinoma
Hong In Yoon, Inkyung Jung, Kwang-Hyub Han, Jinsil Seong
Oncotarget.2016; 7(38): 62715. CrossRef
Prognostic Significance of18F-FDG Uptake in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Transarterial Chemoembolization or Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Jeong Won Lee, Jin Kyoung Oh, Yong An Chung, Sae Jung Na, Seung Hyup Hyun, Il Ki Hong, Jae Seon Eo, Bong-Il Song, Tae-sung Kim, Do Young Kim, Seung Up Kim, Dae Hyuk Moon, Jong Doo Lee, Mijin Yun
Journal of Nuclear Medicine.2016; 57(4): 509. CrossRef

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Clinical Significance of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ and TRAP220 in Patients with Operable Colorectal Cancer: Kyung A Kwon, Jeanho Yun, Sung Yong Oh, Bong-Gun Seo, Suee Lee, Ji-Hyun Lee, Sung-Hyun Kim, Hong Jo Choi, Mee Sook Roh, Hyo-Jin Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):198-207. Published online June 23, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.024

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a nuclear receptor that regulates expression of mediators of lipid metabolism and the inflammatory response. Thyroid hormone receptor-associated proteins 220 (TRAP220) is an essential component of the TRAP/Mediator complex. The objective of this study was to clarify whether PPARγ or TRAP220 are significant prognostic markers in resectable colorectal cancer (CRC).
Materials and Methods
A total of 399 patients who underwent curative resection for CRC were enrolled. We investigated the presence of PPARγ and TARP220 in CRC tissues and adjacent normal tissues by immunohistochemistry. Correlation between the expression of these factors and clinicopathologic features and survival was investigated.
Results
Median age of the patients was 63 years (range, 22 to 87 years), and median follow-up duration 61.1 months (range, 2 to 114 months). PPARγ and TRAP220 expression showed significant correlation with depth of invasion (p=0.013 and p=0.001, respectively). Expression of TRAP220 also showed association with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (p=0.001). Compared with patients with TRAP220 negative tumors, patients with TRAP220 positive tumors had longer 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) tendency (p=0.051). Patients who were PPARγ positive combined with TRAP220 positive had a better 5-year DFS (64.8% vs. 79.3%, p=0.013). In multivariate analysis expression of both PPARγ and TRAP220 significantly affected DFS (hazard ratio, 0.620; 95% confidence interval, 0.379 to 0.997; p=0.048).
Conclusion
TRAP220 may be a valuable marker for nodal metastasis and TNM stage. Tumor co-expression of PPARγ and TRAP220 represents a biomarker for good prognosis in CRC patients.

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Expression of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ in Human Colorectal Carcinoma and Its Correlation with Clinicopathological Characteristics
Deepsikha Dharamsaktu, Jyotsna Naresh Bharti, Poonam Elhence, Meenakshi Rao, Jeewan Ram Vishnoi, Subash Chandra Soni, Neeti Rustagi
Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Role of Fatty Acid Metabolism, the Related Potential Biomarkers, and Targeted Therapeutic Strategies in Gastrointestinal Cancers
Ruixi Xie, Ying Luo, Bowen Bao, Xinshu Wu, Jia Guo, Jin Wang, Xiujuan Qu, Xiaofang Che, Chunlei Zheng
Drug Development Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A review on the molecular mechanisms, the therapeutic treatment including the potential of herbs and natural products, and target prediction of obesity-associated colorectal cancer
Huihai Yang, Grace Gar Lee Yue, Ping Chung Leung, Chun Kwok Wong, Clara Bik San Lau
Pharmacological Research.2022; 175: 106031. CrossRef
UCP2 as a Cancer Target through Energy Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Control
Angèle Luby, Marie-Clotilde Alves-Guerra
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(23): 15077. CrossRef
Lycopene supplementation regulates the gene expression profile and fat metabolism of breeding hens
Hanchen Tian, Guangbin Liu, Yongqing Guo, Yaokun Li, Ming Deng, Dewu Liu, Baoli Sun
Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition.2020; 104(3): 936. CrossRef
Activation of β2-Adrenergic Receptor Promotes Growth and Angiogenesis in Breast Cancer by Down-regulating PPARγ
Jing Zhou, Zhanzhao Liu, Lingjing Zhang, Xiao Hu, Zhihua Wang, Hong Ni, Yue Wang, Junfang Qin
Cancer Research and Treatment.2020; 52(3): 830. CrossRef
Checkpoint-dependent phosphorylation of Med1/TRAP220 in response to DNA damage
Hyun-Ju Kim, Jeanho Yun
Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica.2017; 49(6): 496. CrossRef
Expression and role of nuclear receptor coregulators in colorectal cancer
Mouna Triki, Marion Lapierre, Vincent Cavailles, Raja Mokdad-Gargouri
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2017; 23(25): 4480. CrossRef

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p16 Hypermethylation and KRAS Mutation Are Independent Predictors of Cetuximab Plus FOLFIRI Chemotherapy in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Se Hyun Kim, Kyu Hyun Park, Sang Joon Shin, Kang Young Lee, Tae Il Kim, Nam Kyu Kim, Sun Young Rha, Jae Kyung Roh, Joong Bae Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):208-215. Published online April 24, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.314

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Hypermethylation of the CpG island of p16INK4a occurs in a significant proportion of colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to investigate its predictive role in CRC patients treated with 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan (FOLFIRI), and cetuximab.
Materials and Methods
Pyrosequencing was used to identify KRASmutation and hypermethylation of 6 CpG island loci (p16, p14, MINT1, MINT2, MINT31, and hMLH1) in DNA extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens. Logistic regression and Cox regression were performed for analysis of the relation between methylation status of CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) markers including p16 and clinical outcome.
Results
Hypermethylation of the p16 gene was detected in 14 of 49 patients (28.6%) and showed significant association with KRASmutation (Fisher exact, p=0.01) and CIMP positivity (Fisher exact, p=0.002). Patients with p16-unmethylated tumors had significantly longer time to progression (TTP; median, 9.0 months vs. 3.5 months; log-rank, p=0.001) and overall survival (median, 44.9 months vs. 16.4 months; log-rank, p=0.008) than those with p16-methylated tumors. Patients with both KRAS and p16 aberrancy (n=6) had markedly shortened TTP (median, 2.8 months) compared to those with either KRAS or p16 aberrancy (n=11; median, 8.6 months; p=0.021) or those with neither (n=32; median, 9.0 months; p < 0.0001). In multivariate analysis, KRAS mutation and p16 methylation showed independent association with shorter TTP (KRAS mutation: hazard ratio [HR], 3.21; p=0.017; p16 methylation: HR, 2.97; p=0.027).
Conclusion
Hypermethylation of p16 was predictive of clinical outcome in metastatic CRC patients treated with cetuximab and FOLFIRI, irrespective of KRAS mutation.

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Prediction of Response to Anti-Angiogenic Treatment for Advanced Colorectal Cancer Patients: From Biological Factors to Functional Imaging
Giuseppe Corrias, Eleonora Lai, Pina Ziranu, Stefano Mariani, Clelia Donisi, Nicole Liscia, Giorgio Saba, Andrea Pretta, Mara Persano, Daniela Fanni, Dario Spanu, Francesca Balconi, Francesco Loi, Simona Deidda, Angelo Restivo, Valeria Pusceddu, Marco Puz
Cancers.2024; 16(7): 1364. CrossRef
Alteration in DNA methylation patterns: Epigenetic signatures in gastrointestinal cancers
Zahra Heydari, Farideh Moeinvaziri, Seyed Mohammad Ali Mirazimi, Fatemeh Dashti, Olga Smirnova, Anastasia Shpichka, Hamed Mirzaei, Peter Timashev, Massoud Vosough
European Journal of Pharmacology.2024; 973: 176563. CrossRef
Chromatin factors: Ready to roll as biomarkers in metastatic colorectal cancer?
Cristina Moreta-Moraleda, Cristina Queralt, Carla Vendrell-Ayats, Sonia Forcales, Eva Martínez-Balibrea
Pharmacological Research.2023; 196: 106924. CrossRef
A 10-gene-methylation-based signature for prognosis prediction of colorectal cancer
Dong-hai Li, Xiao-hui Du, Ming Liu, Rui Zhang
Cancer Genetics.2021; 252-253: 80. CrossRef
Value of methylation markers in colorectal cancer (Review)
Can Kong, Tao Fu
Oncology Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Epigenetic Alterations Upstream and Downstream of p53 Signaling in Colorectal Carcinoma
Maja T. Tomicic, Mona Dawood, Thomas Efferth
Cancers.2021; 13(16): 4072. CrossRef
Multiple gene promoter methylation and clinical stage in adjacent normal tissues: Effect on prognosis of colorectal cancer in Taiwan
Chih-Hsiung Hsu, Cheng-Wen Hsiao, Chien-An Sun, Wen-Chih Wu, Tsan Yang, Je-Ming Hu, Yu-Chan Liao, Chi-Hua Huang, Chao-Yang Chen, Fu-Huang Lin, Yu-Ching Chou
Scientific Reports.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Methylation-Based Therapies for Colorectal Cancer
Klara Cervena, Anna Siskova, Tomas Buchler, Pavel Vodicka, Veronika Vymetalkova
Cells.2020; 9(6): 1540. CrossRef
CpG Island Methylator Phenotype and Methylation of Wnt Pathway Genes Together Predict Survival in Patients with Colorectal Cancer
Se Hyun Kim, Kyu Hyun Park, Sang Joon Shin, Kang Young Lee, Tae Il Kim, Nam Kyu Kim, Sun Young Rha, Joong Bae Ahn
Yonsei Medical Journal.2018; 59(5): 588. CrossRef
Recent advances in understanding colorectal cancer
Sebastian Stintzing
F1000Research.2018; 7: 1528. CrossRef
Clinical and prognosis value of the CIMP status combined with MLH1 or p16 INK4a methylation in colorectal cancer
Amana Saadallah-Kallel, Rania Abdelmaksoud-Dammak, Mouna Triki, Slim Charfi, Abdelmajid Khabir, Tahia Sallemi-Boudawara, Raja Mokdad-Gargouri
Medical Oncology.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
DNA methylation of CMTM3 , SSTR2 , and MDFI genes in colorectal cancer
Jinyun Li, Cheng Chen, Xuer Bi, Chongchang Zhou, Tao Huang, Chao Ni, Ping Yang, Si Chen, Meng Ye, Shiwei Duan
Gene.2017; 630: 1. CrossRef

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Novel Methods of Lymph Node Evaluation for Predicting the Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer Patients with Inadequate Lymph Node Harvest: Taek Soo Kwon, Sung Bong Choi, Yoon Suk Lee, Jun-Gi Kim, Seong Taek Oh, In Kyu Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):216-224. Published online April 15, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.312

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Lymph node metastasis is an important factor for predicting the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. However, approximately 60% of patients do not receive adequate lymph node evaluation (less than 12 lymph nodes). In this study, we identified a more effective tool for predicting the prognosis of patients who received inadequate lymph node evaluation.
Materials and Methods
The number of metastatic lymph nodes, total number of lymph nodes examined, number of negative metastatic lymph nodes (NL), lymph node ratio (LR), and the number of apical lymph nodes (APL) were examined, and the prognostic impact of these parameters was examined in patients with colorectal cancer who underwent surgery from January 2004 to December 2011. In total, 806 people were analyzed retrospectively.
Results
In comparison of different lymph node analysis methods for rectal cancer patients who did not receive adequate lymph node dissection, the LR showed a significant difference in overall survival (OS) and the APL predicted a significant difference in disease-free survival (DFS). In the case of colon cancer patients who did not receive adequate lymph node dissection, LR predicted a significant difference in DFS and OS, and the APL predicted a significant difference in DFS.
Conclusion
If patients did not receive adequate lymph node evaluation, the LR and NL were useful parameters to complement N stage for predicting OS in colon cancer, whereas LR was complementary for rectal cancer. The APL could be used for prediction of DFS in all patients.

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Exploring the value of multiple preprocessors and classifiers in constructing models for predicting microsatellite instability status in colorectal cancer
Yi Ma, Zhihao Shi, Ying Wei, Feng Shi, Guochu Qin, Zhengyang Zhou
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An Intelligent System of Predicting Lymph Node Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer Using 3D CT Scans
Min Xie, Yi Zhang, Xinyang Li, Jiayue Li, Xingyu Zou, Yiji Mao, Haixian Zhang, Subrata Kumar Sarker
International Journal of Intelligent Systems.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Rectal Cancer: Are 12 Lymph Nodes the Limit?
Paweł Mroczkowski, Łukasz Dziki, Tereza Vosikova, Ronny Otto, Anna Merecz-Sadowska, Radosław Zajdel, Karolina Zajdel, Hans Lippert, Olof Jannasch
Cancers.2023; 15(13): 3447. CrossRef
Minimally invasive surgery versus laparotomy of non-metastatic pT4a colorectal cancer: a propensity score analysis
Hui-Long Guo, Jing-Yao Chen, You-Zhen Tang, Qian-Lin Zeng, Qing-Long Jian, Ming-Zhe Li, Yu-Long He, Wen-Hui Wu
International Journal of Surgery.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Construction of a Prognostic Nomogram for Colorectal Cancer Patients with Fewer than Twelve Lymph Nodes Examined: a Population-Based Study in the SEER Database and China
Hao Zhang, Hanqing Hu, Zilong Guan, Rui Chen, Chao Xu, Rui Huang, Guiyu Wang
Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.2022; 26(1): 214. CrossRef
A Preoperative Scoring System to Predict the Risk of Inadequate Lymph Node Count in Rectal Cancer
Hao Zhang, Chunlin Wang, Yunxiao Liu, Hanqing Hu, Guiyu Wang
Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
A Modified Tumor‐Node‐Metastasis Staging System for Colon Cancer Patients with Fewer than Twelve Lymph Nodes Examined
Hao Zhang, Yunxiao Liu, Chunlin Wang, Zilong Guan, Hang Yu, Chao Xu, Mingyu Zheng, Yuliuming Wang, Hanqing Hu, Rui Huang, Guiyu Wang
World Journal of Surgery.2021; 45(8): 2601. CrossRef
A clinical-radiomics nomogram for the preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer
Menglei Li, Jing Zhang, Yibo Dan, Yefeng Yao, Weixing Dai, Guoxiang Cai, Guang Yang, Tong Tong
Journal of Translational Medicine.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Predictive Value of the Number of Harvested Lymph Nodes and Cut-Off for Lymph Node Ratio in the Prognosis of Stage II and III Colorectal Cancer Patients
Giovanni Li Destri, Martina Barchitta, Antonio Pesce, Saverio Latteri, Dorotea Bosco, Antonio Di Cataldo, Antonella Agodi, Stefano Puleo
Journal of Investigative Surgery.2019; 32(1): 1. CrossRef
Application of highly efficient and lowly toxic bufadienolides screened from toad skin in lymphatic chemotherapy for colorectal cancer through a lymphatic metastatic model
Changzheng He, Zhenyu Zou, Shaoyou Xia, Xiaowei Xing, Shidong Hu, Zilong Hu, Yuxuan Li, Songyan Li, Hongliang Zhang, Yu Yang, Yichen Liu, Xiaolei Xu, Boyan Liu, Yufeng Wang, Yingxin Xu, Xiaohui Du
International Immunopharmacology.2019; 70: 241. CrossRef
Diffusion kurtosis imaging in identifying the malignancy of lymph nodes during the primary staging of rectal cancer
J. Yu, X. Dai, H.‐H. Zou, J.‐C. Song, Y. Li, H.‐B. Shi, Q. Xu, H. Shen
Colorectal Disease.2018; 20(2): 116. CrossRef
Metastatic lymph node ratio demonstrates better prognostic stratification than pN staging in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after esophagectomy
Hongdian Zhang, Huagang Liang, Yongyin Gao, Xiaobin Shang, Lei Gong, Zhao Ma, Ke Sun, Peng Tang, Zhentao Yu
Scientific Reports.2016;[Epub] CrossRef

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Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Surgery for Rectal Cancer after Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy: Case-Matched Study of Short-Term Outcomes: Yong Sok Kim, Min Jung Kim, Sung Chan Park, Dae Kyung Sohn, Dae Yong Kim, Hee Jin Chang, Byung-Ho Nam, Jae Hwan Oh; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):225-231. Published online March 11, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.365

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Robotic surgery is expected to have advantages over laparoscopic surgery; however, there are limited data regarding the feasibility of robotic surgery for rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Therefore, we evaluated the short-term outcomes of robotic surgery for rectal cancer. Materials and Methods Thirty-three patients with cT3N0-2 rectal cancer after preoperative CRT who underwent robotic low anterior resection (R-LAR) between March 2010 and January 2012 were matched with 66 patients undergoing laparoscopic low anterior resection (L-LAR). Perioperative clinical outcomes and pathological data were compared between the two groups.
Results
Patient characteristics did not differ significantly different between groups. The mean operation time was 441 minutes (R-LAR) versus 277 minutes (L-LAR; p < 0.001). The open conversion rate was 6.1% in the R-LAR group and 0% in the L-LAR group (p=0.11). There were no significant differences in the time to flatus passage, length of hospital stay, and postoperative morbidity. In pathological review, the mean number of harvested lymph nodes was 22.3 in R-LAR and 21.6 in L-LAR (p=0.82). Involvement of circumferential resection margin was positive in 16.1% and 6.7%, respectively (p=0.42). Total mesorectal excision (TME) quality was complete in 97.0% in R-LAR and 91.0% in L-LAR (p=0.41). Conclusion In our study, short-term outcomes of robotic surgery for rectal cancer after CRT were similar to those of laparoscopic surgery in respect to bowel function recovery, morbidity, and TME quality. Well-designed clinical trials are needed to evaluate the functional results and longterm outcomes of robotic surgery for rectal cancer.

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Julia K. Grass, Daniel R. Perez, Jakob R. Izbicki, Matthias Reeh
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Emanuele Rausa, Federica Bianco, Michael E. Kelly, Alberto Aiolfi, Fausto Petrelli, Gianluca Bonitta, Giovanni Sgroi
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TME for rectal cancer: consecutive 70 patients treated with laparoscopic and robotic technique—cumulative experience in a single centre
J. L. Mégevand, E. Lillo, M. Amboldi, L. Lenisa, A. Ambrosi, A. Rusconi
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Marco Milone, Michele Manigrasso, Nunzio Velotti, Stefania Torino, Antonietta Vozza, Giovanni Sarnelli, Giovanni Aprea, Francesco Maione, Nicola Gennarelli, Mario Musella, Giovanni Domenico De Palma
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Wen-Han Liu, Pei-Jing Yan, Dong-Ping Hu, Peng-Hui Jin, Yao-Chun Lv, Rong Liu, Xiong-Fei Yang, Ke-Hu Yang, Tian-Kang Guo
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Heather R. Nolan, Betsy E. Smith, Michael D. Honaker
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Rogier M. P. H. Crolla, Paul G. Mulder, George P. van der Schelling
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Allison Weaver, Scott Steele
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Sustaining Blood Lymphocyte Count during Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy as a Predictive Marker for Pathologic Complete Response in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Jaesung Heo, Mison Chun, O Kyu Noh, Young-Taek Oh, Kwang Wook Suh, Jun Eun Park, Oyeon Cho; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):232-239. Published online March 13, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.351

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between the circulating lymphocyte level during preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and pathologic complete response (pCR) in locally advanced rectal cancer.
Materials and Methods
From May 2010 to May 2013, 52 patients treated with preoperative CRT followed by surgery, were analysed. Patients received conventional fractionated radiotherapy (50-54 Gy) with fluorouracil-based chemotherapy. Surgical resection was performed at 4 to 8 weeks after the completion of preoperative CRT. Absolute blood lymphocyte counts and their relative percentage in total white blood cell counts were obtained from complete blood count tests performed prior to and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of CRT. We analysed the association between achieving pCR and change in blood lymphocyte level during CRT, as well as clinical parameters.
Results
Among 52 patients, 14 (26.9%) had evidence of pCR. Sustaining the blood lymphocyte count during CRT (lymphocyte count at 4 weeks/baseline lymphocyte count > 0.35; odds ratio, 8.33; p=0.02) and initial carcinoembryonic antigen < 4.4 ng/mL (odds ratio, 6.71; p=0.03) were significantly associated with pCR in multivariate analyses.
Conclusion
Sustaining blood lymphocyte count during preoperative CRT was predictive for pCR in rectal cancer. Further studies are warranted to investigate the association between pathologic responses and circulating lymphocyte count with its subpopulation during preoperative CRT.

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Predicting stage ypT0–1N0 for nonradical management in patients with middle or low rectal cancer who undergo neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a retrospective cohort study
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Histopathological and Haemogram Features Correlate with Prognosis in Rectal Cancer Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation without Pathological Complete Response
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AmirHossein Latif, Mohammad Shirkhoda, Mohammad Reza Rouhollahi, Saeed Nemati, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh, Kazem Zendehdel, Ahmad Reza Soroush, Aidin Yaghoobi Notash
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Yuhong Chen, Biao Yang, Mingyang Chen, Zhaojun Li, Zhengyin Liao
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Low Lymphocyte Count Is Associated With Radiotherapy Parameters and Affects the Outcomes of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients
Xin Wang, Zongxing Zhao, Peiliang Wang, Xiaotao Geng, Liqiong Zhu, Minghuan Li
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Chinock Cheong, Jun Sang Shin, Kwang Wook Suh
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Seung Yeop Oh, Jaesung Heo, O Kyu Noh, Mison Chun, Oyeon Cho, Young-Taek Oh
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Corey Timmerman, Luis R. Taveras, Sergio Huerta
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Shereen El Shorbagy, Ola M. Elfarargy, Reham A. Salem, Amina M. Elnaggar, Ola A. Harb, Abeer M. Abdelbary, Hassan R. Ashour, Loay M. Gertallah
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Preliminary Suggestion about Staging of Anorectal Malignant Melanoma May Be Used to Predict Prognosis: Won Young Chae, Jong Lyul Lee, Dong-Hyung Cho, Chang Sik Yu, Jin Roh, Jin Cheon Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):240-249. Published online March 6, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.305

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Anorectal malignant melanomas (AMM) are rare and have poor survival. The study aims to evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes of patients with AMM, and to devise a staging system predictive of survival outcome.
Materials and Methods
This was a retrospective study of 28 patients diagnosed with, and treated for AMM. Patients classified by clinical staging of mucosal melanoma (MM) were reclassified via rectal and anal TNM staging. Survival outcomes were compared among patients grouped by the three different staging systems.
Results
The three staging systems were equated with similar figures for 5-year overall survival (OS) and 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) of patients diagnosed with stage I disease. Patients (n=19) diagnosed with MM stage II disease were reclassified by rectal TNM staging into three subgroups: IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC. For these patients, both 5-year OS and 5-year DFS differed significantly between the subgroups IIIA and IIIC (OS: IIIA vs. IIIC, 66.7% vs. 0%, p=0.002; DFS: IIIA vs. IIIC, 51.4% vs. 0%, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
The accuracy of prognosis in patients diagnosed with AMM and lymph node metastasis has improved by using rectal TNM staging, which includes information regarding the number of lymph node metastases.

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Survival and Prognosis for Patients with Rectal Melanomas in the United States: A SEER-Based Study
Fan Zhang, Boqi Xu, Yao Peng, Runda Wu, Shan Tong, Zhongqi Mao
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Incidence and survival of patients with primary gastrointestinal melanoma: a population-based study
Yu Du, Xiaona Chang, Xiangxiang Li, Shugang Xing
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Melanoma anorrectal primario: reporte de un caso y revisión de una neoplasia infrecuente
Hernando Marulanda Fernández, Felipe Vera-Polanía, Juan Antonio Trejos Naranjo, Julian Ernesto Parga Bermudez, William Otero Regino
Revista colombiana de Gastroenterología.2023; 38(4): 504. CrossRef
A New Anorectal Melanoma Cell Line Derived from a Primary Human Rectal Tumor
Seiichi Shinji, Yuuki Shichi, Takeshi Yamada, Goro Takahashi, Ryo Ohta, Hiromichi Sonoda, Akihisa Matsuda, Kazuhide Yonaga, Takuma Iwai, Kohki Takeda, Koji Ueda, Sho Kuriyama, Toshimitsu Miyasaka, Yoshibumi Ueda, Norihiko Sasaki, Kimimasa Takahashi, Ryuji
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Difficulties in diagnosing anorectal melanoma: A case report and review of the literature
Raluca Cristina Apostu, Elena Stefanescu, Radu Razvan Scurtu, Gabriel Kacso, Radu Drasovean
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2021; 9(36): 11369. CrossRef
Outcomes of Surgical Treatment for Patients with Anorectal Malignant Melanoma; Results of Nine Cases in a Single Institution
Tomoyuki Nagaoka, Toshiya Nagasaki, Takashi Akiyoshi, Toshiki Mukai, Tomohiro Yamaguchi, Eiji Shinozaki, Yosuke Fukunaga
Journal of the Anus, Rectum and Colon.2021; 5(2): 192. CrossRef
Management and outcomes of primary anorectal melanoma in the United States
Hari Menon, Roshal R Patel, Taylor R Cushman, Arya Amini, Steven N Seyedin, Anngela C Adams, Chi Lin, Vivek Verma
Future Oncology.2020; 16(8): 329. CrossRef
Melanoma anal, una patología radicalmente distinta al melanoma cutáneo, con un pronóstico infausto
Mireia Merichal Resina, Carlos Cerdan Santacruz, Enrique Sierra Grañón, Jordi Antoni Tarragona Foradada, Jorge Juan Olsina Kissler
Cirugía Española.2020; 98(8): 491. CrossRef
Anal Melanoma, a Radically Different Pathology to the Cutaneous Melanoma, With an Infaustic Forecast
Mireia Merichal Resina, Carlos Cerdan Santacruz, Enrique Sierra Grañón, Jordi Antoni Tarragona Foradada, Jorge Juan Olsina Kissler
Cirugía Española (English Edition).2020; 98(8): 491. CrossRef
Beyond adenocarcinoma: MRI of uncommon rectal neoplasms and mimickers
David D. B. Bates, Maria Clara Fernandes de Paula, Natally Horvat, Shannon Sheedy, Chandana Lall, Zahra Kassam, Perry Pickhardt, Neeraj Lalwani, Dhakshinamoorthy Ganeshan, Iva Petkovska
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Min Ren, Yawen Lu, Jiaojie Lv, Xuxia Shen, Jincheng Kong, Bo Dai, Yunyi Kong
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Systemic Inflammatory Response Markers and CA-125 Levels in Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma: A Two Center Cohort Study: Hee Seung Kim, Hwa-Young Choi, Maria Lee, Dong Hoon Suh, Kidong Kim, Jae Hong No, Hyun Hoon Chung, Yong Beom Kim, Yong Sang Song; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):250-258. Published online March 6, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.324

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
We compared the predictive and prognostic values of leukocyte differential counts, systemic inflammatory (SIR) markers and cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) levels, and identified the most useful marker in patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC).
Materials and Methods
The study included 109 patients with OCCC who did not have any inflammatory conditions except endometriosis, and underwent primary debulking surgery between 1997 and 2012. Leukocyte differential counts (neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, basophil, and platelet), SIR markers including neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and CA-125 levels were estimated to select potential markers for clinical outcomes.
Results
Among potential markers (neutrophil, monocyte, platelet, NLR, MLR, PLR, and CA-125 levels) selected by stepwise comparison, CA-125 levels were best at predicting advanced stage disease, suboptimal debulking and platinum-resistance (cut-off values, ≥ 46.5, ≥ 11.45, and ≥ 66.4 U/mL; accuracies, 69.4%, 78.7%, and 68.5%) while PLR ≥ 205.4 predicted noncomplete response (CR; accuracy, 71.6%) most accurately. Moreover, PLR < 205.4 was an independent factor for the reduced risk of non-CR (adjusted odds ratio, 0.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.04 to 0.69), and NLR < 2.8 was a favorable factor for improved progression-free survival (PFS; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.99) despite lack of a marker for overall survival among the potential markers.
Conclusion
CA-125 levels may be the most useful marker for predicting advanced-stage disease. Suboptimal debulking and platinum-resistance, and PLR and NLR may be most effective to predict non-CR and PFS in patients with OCCC.

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Justina Omoikhefe Alegbeleye, Celestine Osita John
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An Alternative Triage Strategy Based on Preoperative MRI for Avoiding Trimodality Therapy in Stage IB Cervical Cancer: Jung-Yun Lee, Jina Youm, Jae Weon Kim, Kidong Kim, Hak Jae Kim, Jeong Yeon Cho, Min A Kim, Noh Hyun Park, Yong-Sang Song; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):259-265. Published online March 20, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.370

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Adjuvant chemoradiation following primary surgery is frequently indicated in patients with stage IB cervical cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based strategy in avoiding trimodality therapy.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed all patients with stage IB cervical cancer treated initially with primary surgery at Seoul National University Hospital. We suggest an alternative triage strategy in which the primary treatment modality is determined based on preoperative MRI findings. Using this strategy, primary surgery is only indicated when there is no evidence of parametrial involvement (PMI) and lymph node metastasis (LNM) in the MRI results; when there is evidence of either or both of these factors, primary chemoradiation is selected. Assuming that this strategy is applied to our cohort, we evaluate how the rate of trimodality therapy is affected.
Results
Of the 254 patients in our sample, 77 (30.3%) had at least one category 1 risk factor (PMI, LNM, positive resection margin) upon pathologic examination. If the MRI-based strategy had been applied to our cohort, 168 patients would have undergone primary surgery and 86 would have undergone primary chemoradiation. Only 25 patients (9.8%) would have required trimodality therapy based on an indication of at least one category 1 pathologic risk factor following radical hysterectomy.
Conclusion
The inclusion of MRI in the decision-making process for primary treatment modality could have reduced the number of patients requiring trimodality therapy based on the indication of a category 1 risk factor from 30.3% to 9.8% in our cohort.

Citations

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