Cancer Research and Treatment

Significant Correlation of Hepatocyte Growth Factor Level with Progression of Gastric Adenocarcinoma: Sang Uk Han, Jae Ho Lee, Wook Hwan Kim, Hee Jung Wang, Yong Kwan Cho, Myung Wook Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):367-374.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a modulator of epithelial cell proliferation and motility. In this study, we measured the level of HGF in sera and tumor extracts of gastric adenocarcinoma using an enzyme-linked immunoassay and evaluated its association with tumor progression.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The level of HGF in the sera of seventy-five patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and in the tumor extracts of forty-two tumors were examined in this study. The level of HGF was determined by an Immunis HGF EIA kit (Institute of Immunology).
RESULTS
The mean level of HGF in the sera of patients was 0.26+/-0.19 ng/ml, which was significantly higher than in those of healthy controls (0.14+/-0.07 ng/ml, p<0.05); the levels of HGF in the sera of patients increased according to the progression of the stage of cancer (p<0.05). The mean level of HGF in tumor extracts was 8.22+/-9.27 microgram/g protein, which was significantly higher than in those of healthy controls (1.95+/-1.45 microgram/g protein, p<0.05); the levels of HGF in the tumor extracts were correlated significantly with the progression of the tumor stage (p<0.05). The mean level of HGF in the tumors of diffuse type was 11.28+/-11.74 microgram/g protein, which was significantly higher than in those of intestinal type (5.16+/-4.31 microgram/g protein, p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
HGF may play an important role in the progression and differentiation of gastric adenocarcinoma.

2,883 View
15 Download

Polymorphism Analysis of Helicobacter pylori Urease A Gene in Gastric Cancer Samples: Seong Soo Lee, Nam Suck Song, Young Suk Park; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):375-382.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Several investigators reported the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was more sensitive than culture or other routine laboratory tests for the detection of H. pylori. In this study, we established the nested PCR method for the sensitive and specific determination of H. pylori from paraffin-embedded gastric cancer samples, and the polymorphisms of H. pylori urease A gene were analyzed using by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
It was subjected to the nested PCR using two primer pairs from the urease A gene of H. pylori. The sensitivity of the nested PCR assay was investigated with serial dilutions of positive DNA of H. pylori. Polymorphisms of H. pylori were determined by digestion of thirty six PCR positive products with five different restriction endonuclease-MspI, AluI, DdeI, BstNI, and HinfI. RESULTS: Amplified H. pylori PCR products were detected to 106 dilutions (10-3 fg) by nested PCR technique. The polymorphic patterns of five types of H. pylori were found by MspI, DdeI and AluI. Sequence of type V was confirmed by direct sequencing and the sequences recognized by BstNI and HinfI were conserved regions.
CONCLUSIONS
Nested PCR technique is a accurate, sensitive and reliable method for the laboratory diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Moreover nested PCR-RFLP analysis has a potential to differentiate H. pylori strains.

2,044 View
18 Download

Immunoregulatory Effect of Mesima (R) as an Immunotherapeutic Agent in Stage III Gastric Cancer Patients after Radical Gastrectomy: Jin Pok Kim, Keon Young Lee, Hang Jong Yu, Han Kwang Yang; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):383-390.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The effectiveness of adjuvant immunotherapy with Mesima (R) in advanced adenocarcinoma of the stomach was evaluated.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
45 patients with stage III gastric cancer after radical gastrectomy were divided into three groups at random. The first group received Mesima. The second group received OK-432 and the third group received no immunotherapeutic agent at all. All three groups received adjuvant chemotherapy using 5-FU and mitomycin-C protocol. The numbers of total T lymphocytes were checked along with the T4 and T8 subpopulation and B lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells preoperatively and 9 days, 3 months and 7 months postoperatively. The delayed-type cutaneous hypersensitivity were also checked preoperatively and 3 months and 7months postoperatively.
RESULTS
All three groups showed initial decrease in the total T lymphocyte count and T4 lymphocyte count at 9 days postoperatively, which showed gradual increase over the 7 months postoperative period. The Mesima (R)-treated group and OK-432-treated group showed significantly better recovery rate at 7 months postoperatively than the control group. The number of T8 lymphocytes and NK cells also showed initial decrease and later recovery, but there was no significant difference between groups. The number of B lymphocytes showed gradual decrease over 7 months in the Mesima (R)-treated group and the control group, and initial decrease with later increase in the OK-432-treated group, again with no significant difference. The average numbers of positive antigens on delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity test were decreased initially with gradual increase, but there was no significant difference between groups.
CONCLUSION
Mesima (R) can be considered as a candidate for safe and effective immunotherapeutic agent in patients with gastric cancer, but the actual benefit in increasing patient survival should be determined through a long term follow-up study.

3,748 View
58 Download

Anti-tumor Effects of Growth Factor Inhibitors and Anti-metastatic Agents in Human Gastric Cancer Cell Lines: Sun Young Rha, Hee Cheol Chung, Soo Jung Gong, Hyun Cheol Chung, Joo Hang Kim, Jae Kyung Roh, Jin Sik Min, Byung Soo Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):391-403.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
For tumor growth, invasion and metastasis, a cascade of linked sequential biological events is essential; overproduction of growth factors, activation of proteolytic enzymes, induction of tumor angiogenesis, and enhanced tumor cell motility and attachment. We tried to test whether the biological therapy against the biological targets can modulate the specific biological characteristics, and furthermore increased anti-tumor effects can be induced when the biological therapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy were combined.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
YCC-1, 2, 3, 7, and AGS human gastric cancer cell lines were used in these studies. Pentosan polysulfate (PPS) as a heparin-binding growth factor (HBGF) inhibitor, Tranexamic acid as a plasmin inhibitor, Adriamycin as a chemotherapeutic agent, were selected. The methods were Northern blot analysis for the detection of Midkine (MK) expression, soft agar assay for autocrine tumorigenicity. The expression of uPA, PAI-1 was determined by ELISA, while the MMPs activities were evaluated by zymography. The effects of each drug on tumorigenicity and tumor cell proliferation were evaluated by soft agar assay and cell proliferation assay, respectively.
RESULTS
YCC-3, 7, AGS cell lines expressed MK mRNA, whereas YCC-1, 2 did not. YCC-2 cell line showed increased expression of uPA and MMP activities. Only MK expressing YCC-3 and 7 cell lines showed the tumorigenicity. PPS suppressed the colony forming activities as much as Adriamycin did (PPS; 8~24%, Adriamycin; 12~40%), but it showed only cytostatic effects in cell proliferation assay (PPS; 60~103%, Adriamycin; 22~97%). When PPS was combined with Adriamycin on the Adriamycin resistant, MK expressing YCC-7 cell line, the growth inhibition rate increased up to 84%, while that of PPS or Adriamycin single treatment was 40%, 22%, respectively (p=0.001).
CONCLUSION
The modulation of specific biological targets can induce the anti-tumor effects. This suggests the possible clinical application of biological therapy in gastric cancer.

3,504 View
22 Download

Clinicopathological Correlation of Bcl-2 and p53 Immunohistochemistry in Breast Cancer: Ja Yun Koo, Hy De Lee, Woo Hee Jung; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):404-411.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Bcl-2 and p53 are known to act as a regulator of apoptosis in breast cancer and we evaluated the significance of these gene expressions and correlation with prognostic factors in breast cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In order to investigate the expression of Bcl-2 and p53, we analyzed immunochemistry staining from paraffin blocks in a series of 80 women with breast cancer. Expression was then compared with the established indicators of prognosis.
RESULTS
Bcl-2 positivity was 45% and p53 was 32.2%. No relationships could be observed between bcl-2 and node status,tumor size and also between p53 and node status, differentiation,tumor size. Strong positive relationships were seen between bcl-2 and estrogen receptor (ER) (p<0.0001), progesterone receptor (PR) (p<0.001). p53 also showed relationships with ER and PR (p<0.05) Histologic (p<0.05) and nuclear grade (p<0.05) showed relationships with bcl-2 but not with p53. Inverse relationship was noted between p53 and ER, PR (p<0.05). Inverse relationship was also found between bcl-2 and p53 expression (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION
This study suggest that there may be a possibility that bcl-2 and p53 expressions can affect tumor growth and prognosis in breast cancer patients.

2,619 View
20 Download

A Study of Apoptosis, and bcl-2 and p53 Expressions in Breast Cancer: Dong Won Kim, So Young Jin, Dong Wha Lee; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):412-421.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was undertaken for evaluation of the extent of apoptosis and expression of the bcl-2 gene and p53 gene as prognostic factors in breast cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The extent of apoptosis was determined by the 3' end-labeling method of DNA in tissue sections and the expressions of bcl-2 and p53 was determined by immunohistochemical staining in 41 cases of breast carcinomas.
RESULT
bcl-2 was correlated with ER positivity (p=0.005), with nuclear grade (p=0.001), and with tumor size (p=0.019), whereas it was inversely correlated with apoptosis (p= 0.018). No association was found with axillary nodal status. Apoptosis was not associated with clinicopathological parameters, such as ER positivity, nuclear grade, tumor size, and lymph node status. p53 was not associated with above clinicopathological parameters. No relationship between the expression of bcl-2 and p53 was found.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that bcl-2 protein inhibit apoptosis, and its expression is associated with favorable clinicopathological features.

2,764 View
13 Download

A Clinicopathologic Analysis of Medullary Breast Cancer: Myung Chul Chang, Jee Soo Kim, Ik Jin Yun, Dong Young Noh, Yeo Kyu Youn, Seung Keun Oh, Kuk Jin Choe, In Ae Park; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):422-428.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Medullary carcinoma of breast was known to have a better prognosis than other breast cancer, but the histopathological definition of medullary carcinoma has varied with time. This study was performed to clarify the clinicopathologic features of medullary breast cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty cases of breast cancer originally were diagnosed as medullary carcinoma at the Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital from Jan. 1985 to Jun. 1995. The whole cases were reviewed and reclassified using the strictly defined histologic criteria applied by Ridolfi et al.
RESULTS
When reclassified, 16 tumors fulfilled the criteria of typical medullary cancer. But the rest 4 tumors were found to be nonmedullary cancer. The patients ranged from 29 to 69 years in age with an average of 49. The main symptom was the painless mass. The diameter of the tumor ranged from 1 to 8 cm with a mean size of 2.7 cm. The axillary lymph node was positive in three cases. The estrogen receptor was positive in 10%, and the progesterone receptor was positive in 20% of the cases. There were no local recurrences or distant metastasis during a mean follow-up period of 5.5 years.. All patients survived until the last follow-up.
CONCLUSION
Medullary breast cancer has good prognosis but strict, uniform histopathological diagnostic criteria are needed.

2,909 View
14 Download

Cytochrome P450 2E1 Polymorphisms and Genetic Susceptibility to Cervical Cancer: Jin Woo Kim, Chun Geun Lee, Yeo Won Sohn, Hong Ki Min, Kyung Wook Lee, Ryung Joo Kwon, Hyun Sook Kho, Jin Woong Shin, Heung Kee Kim, Tae Eung Kim, Joon Mo Lee, Sung Eun Namkoong; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):429-436.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Interindividual genetic differences in susceptibility to chemical carcinogens are one of the most important host factors in human cancer. The genetically determined differences in metabolism, related to cytochrome P450 (CYP450) genes have been reported to be associated with various cancer susceptibility. The present study was set up to establish the frequency of the polymorphic genotypes of two CYP450 (CYP2E1/PstI and CYP2E1/DraI) isozymes in Korea, to evaluate a possible increased incidence of the genotype associated with higher cervical cancer risks among Korean cervical cancer patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this study, extracted DNAs from 228 cervical cancer patients and 360 normal healthy controls were analysed with the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymosphism (PCR-RFLP) method.
RESULTS
In the CYP 2E1 genotypes, detected by PstI or RsaI digestion, there were no statistically remarkable differences between the cervical cancer patients and control groups. And when the cervical cancer patients were divided into subgroups with respect to the age, the frequency of CYP 2E1/PstI polymorphisms in the cervical cancer patients under the 40 years old was not significantly higher compared to the controls or the patients above the 40 years old and, c1/c1 genotype was prominent in this type of polymorphism. The frequency of CYP 2E1/DraI polymorphisms in the cervical cancer patients was not significantly higher compared to the controls, and D/D genotype was prominent in this type of polymorphism. In cervical carcinoma, the polymorphic genotypes of CYP 2E1 were not correlated to other parameters including clinical stage, histological tumor type, and degree of differentiation.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that individuals carrying CYP 2E1/PstI (c1/c1) or CYP 2E1/DraI (D/D) alleles are not genetically susceptible to cervical cancer in Korea.

3,235 View
14 Download

In Vitro Growth Inhibition of Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines by Mitosene Analogues: Dong Soo Cha, Soo Kie Kim, Chan Mug Ahn, Sun Ju Choi, Yoon Sun Park, Sang Won Han; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):437-444.

Abstract PDF: No abstract available

2,525 View
14 Download

Immunodetections of the Metalloproteinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases (TIMP-2) in Prostatic Adenocarcinomas: Sung Sook Kim, Yeong Ju Woo, Jooryung Huh, Heesoo Yoon, Jung Mi Park, Minyoung Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):445-453.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The metalloproteinases (MMP) and their inhibitors (TIMP) have been suggested to play a role in tumor invasion and metastasis. There have been some dispute on the exact role of TIMP and MMP in tumor progression. The purpose of this study is to prove TIMP expression in relation with prevention of tumor progression including invasion or metastasis with MMP expression.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We have performed immunohistochemical staining of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 on 15 cases of benign prostatic hyperoplasia (BPH), and 30 cases of prostatic carcinomas which were classified as angio or neural invasion positive (PC-2) and negative group (PC-1).
RESULTS
MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-2 were not detected in BPH. PC-2 pateints had higher levels of collagenases than BPH, while PC-1 patients had higher levels of TIMP-2 and lower levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 than PC-2. Expression of TIMP-2 were inversely proportional to collagenases.
CONCLUSION
We conclude that highly invasive prostatic carcinoma (PC-2) contained relatively high levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 and low amounts of TIMP-2. These results are discussed with respect to the possible role of MMPs and TIMP in prostatic tumor progression.

2,310 View
15 Download

An Immunohistochemical Study of Tumor Angiogenesity and EMA Reactivity in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Cheong Soo Park, Woong Youn Chung, Jin Hak Suh, Ho Geun Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):454-465.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was carried out to investigate the correlation among tumor angiogenetic activity, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) reactivity and various clinicopathologic parameters. We also evaluated the validity of both as an independent prognostic factor in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. MATERIALS & METHODS: We studied 120 patients out of 727 patients with papillary thyroid casrcinoma who underwent thyroidectomy at our institute from January 1986 to December 1994. The age of the patients ranged from 14 to 80 years with a mean of 48.2 years. There were 24 males and 96 females (M:F=1:4). The paraffin embedded tissues of these patients were stained with the monoclonal antibodies against factor VIII related antigen, antigen CD34 to highlight microvessels and against EMA to show immunoreactivity. We measured microvessel density (MVD) in the area of highest vascular density at 200 times of magnification (0.785 mm2 per field). The positive cells for EMA were counted as percentages of the whole cell population and the degree of reaction was rated on a five-point scale.
RESULTS
Mean MVDs and EMA reactivities by location of tissue per field were 64.8+/-18.9, 1.97+/-0.74, in the center of the tumor; 41.3+/-15.3, 1.55+/-0.68 in the periphery of tumor; and 22.1+/-14.4, 1.09+/-0.75 in normal thyroid tissue, respectively. In relation to TNM stage, only the MVDs of patients with stage IV disease were higher than those of other disease stages with statistical significance (p<.05). In relation to DeGroot stage, the MVDs of patients with stage IV disease was also higher than others with statistical significance (p<.005). There were no significant differences in MVD and EMA reactivity between the two groups of low risk (n=77) and high risk (n=43) by AMES scale. The MVDs and EMA reactivities of patients with local recurrence (n=23) and death (n=7) during the follow-up period had no statistical significance against those patients without recurrence and living patients.
CONCLUSION
Tumor angiogenic activity and EMA reactivity in papillary thyroid carcinoma did not correlate with TNM stage, DeGroot stage, AMES score, local recurrence, and patient death. However, MVD was significantly higher in patients with distant metastasis and may be useful in predicting the distant metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

2,571 View
15 Download

The Patterns of Lateral Neck Node Involvement in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Woung Youn Chung, Jin Hak Seo, Cheong Soo Park; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):466-472.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
We performed this study to identify the patterns of lateral neck node involvement and to define the appropriate method of neck node dissection in papillary thyroid carcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred seventy one patients who had undergone radical neck dissection for lateral cervical lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer from January 1986 to December 1995 were analyzed retrospectively. Total operations were 178 cases and total radical neck dissections were 206 cases (bilateral in 28 cases, unilateral in 150 cases). Of these 206 cases, group I (170 cases, 82.5%) who had undergone comprehensive radical neck dissection or modified radical neck dissection and group II (36 cases, 17.5%) who had undergone jugular neck dissection were studied.
RESULTS
In group I, the most prevalent site of lymph node metastases was level III, followed by level II, IV, V and I. The 158 cases of group I in which nodes in the posterior triangle of the neck were not palpable preoperatively, were divided into five groups, 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 or more, according to the number of clinically positive internal jugular nodes. The incidence of microscopically positive nodes in level V was significantly lower in the groups of one or less palpable internal jugular nodes (p=0.0007). In the 60 of 158 cases with the evaluable CT scans of the neck, the incidence of microscopically positive nodes in level V was significantly lower in the groups of two or less positive nodes on CT scan (p=0.0001). And, there were no significant differences in the incidence of recurrence, sites of recurrence, distant metastases, mortality between Group I and Group II.
CONCLUSION
The modified radical neck dissection might be justified in most papillary thyroid cancer patients with clinically positive lateral neck nodes. However, in patients with only one or less palpable node and two or less positive nodes on CT scan along the jugular lymphatic chains but negative in level V, it appears to be beneficial to perform a jugular neck dissection in reducing cosmetic disfigurement and preserving function.

2,710 View
15 Download

The Incidence of Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen in Sporadic Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas of Korean: Mi Sook Lee, Ho Jong Jeon, Sang Ho Ha, Bong Nam Choi; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):473-485.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
It's well known that the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with endemic Burkitt's lymphoma and B cell lymphomas in immunocompromised individuals, and undifferentiated carcinoma of the nasopharynx. A clonotypic proliferation of EBV has been demonstrated in the neoplastic cells of these malignancies, suggesting a causative role of EBV in the tumorigenesis. More recently, it was identified that EBV has been linked to Hodgkin's disease and B or T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) without preexisting immunodeficiency. MATERIAL AND METHOD: To determine the immunophenotype and incidence of EBV infection in sporadic NHLs of Korea, We investigated 90 cases of NHLs through immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction, respectively.
RESULTS
Sixty-nine of 90 (77%) of NHLs are of B-cell type, 18 of 90 (20%) of NHLs are of T-cell type and 3 out of 90 (3%) of NHLs are undefined lineage by immunohistochemistry. EBV genome was detected in 7 out of 69 (10%) B-cell lymphomas, 5 out of 18 (28%) T-cell lymphomas and 1 out of 3 (33%) non-B and non-T cell lymphomas by polymerase chain reaction. The male/female ratio of EBV-positive NHLs was 2.25:1. There are no prominent differences in age distribution and tumor localization between EBV- positive groups and negative groups.
CONCLUSION
EBV positivity in T-cell NHLs is rather higher than in B-cell NHLs and this finding suggests that there is inter-relation association between EBV and T-cell NHLs, although the exact nature of this association remains to be established.

2,304 View
12 Download

IMVP-16/Pd (Ifosfamide/Methotrexate/VP-16/Prednisone) Combination Chemotherapy for the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Ki Hyeong Lee, Young Iee Park, Heung Moon Chang, Tae You Kim, Keong Hae Jung, In Suk Woo, Young Hyuck Im, Dae Seog Heo, Yung Jue Bang, Seonyang Park, Byoung Kook Kim, Noe Kyeong Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):486-494.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
IMVP-16 (Ifosfamide/Methotrexate/VP-16) regimen consists of drugs that are not commonly used as the first-line therapy of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. This study was performed to determine the efficacy of this relatively non-cross resistant regimen, with the addition of prednisone, in patients with primary refractory or relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients with primary refractory or relpased intermediate to high grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were treated with ifosfamide (1000 mg/m2 iv, D1-5 with mesna), methotrexate (30 mg/m2 iv, D 3 & 10), VP-16 (100 mg/m2 iv, D 1-3), and prednisone (120 mg devided by 3 doses, D1-5). The treatment was repeated every 3 weeks.
RESULTS
Between Jan. 1988 and Aug. 1993, thirty eight patients were included. In 33 evaluable patients (4 loss-to follow up and 1 ineligibility) the median age was 49 years. The common histologic types were diffuse large cell type (52%) and immunoblastic type (18%). The proportion of patients with relapsed and refractory NHL was 39% and 61%, respectively. The rate of complete remission was 21% (7/33) and overall response rate was 48% (16/33). The median-response duration was 8 months (1.5~45+). Hematologic toxicities were tolerable. Non-hematologic side effects were also tolerable including stomatitis, peripheral neuropathy, and toxic hepatitis. Three treatment-related deaths were associated with sepsis, ARDS (adult respiratory distress syndrome) and acute gastrointestinal bleeding.
CONCLUSION
Based on these results, IMVP-16/Pd combination chemotherapy seems to have a moderate efficacy for the relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with tolerable toxicities.

4,445 View
68 Download

Morphological Transformation Region II (mtrII) of Human Cytomegalovirus: Yeon Myung Shin, Soo Sang Sohn, Joong Shin Kang, Sung Ik Chang, In Hwan Lee; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):495-503.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Human herpesviruses have been associated with the etiology of several human cancers. The role of these viruses in carcinogenesis has not yet been clarified. This study focused on identifying and characterizing the transforming potential of cloned DNA fragments from human cytomegalovirus (HCMV).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Multiple DNA fragments of HCMV were applied to cells for transformation. Morphological transforming region II (mtrII) of HCMV strain Towne has been identified to a 3.0kb XbaI-BamHI DNA fragment which was retained in transformed cells. The transforming activity was induced by a 980 bp BaII-Xho I subfragment (pBS980) containing both promoter/ regulatory elements as well as three open reading frames (ORFs), i.e., 79ORF, 83ORF, and 34ORF. The ORFs have been evaluated for transforming potential in NIH3T3 cells.
RESULTS
MtrII (pBS980) has BglII restriction enzyme site which divides into two subfragments, pBS440 and pBS540, the latter has whole 83ORF, 34ORF, and fragment of 79ORF, the former has only fragment of 79ORF. Among three ORFs, 83ORF and 34ORF were not functional in transformation, because in pBS540 these ORFs were not truncated.
CONCLUSION
The 79ORF (79-aa transforming peptide) has allowed a better approach to determine the role of HCMV in human carcinogenesis.

2,145 View
23 Download

The Study of Chromosomal Aberration in NSCLC Patients which Developed after Administration of Chemotherapeutic Agents: Wang Ki Cha, Jae Yong Lee, Joon Jae Shinn, Hyun Kyung Lee, Kye Hwa Yu, Jae Sun Song, Kwang Hee Yang, Eun Sil Kim, Jong Soon Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):504-511.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Except hormonal agents and biologic response modifier, the biologic effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy as anti-cancer therapy have the mechanism of DNA injury. They cause not only cancer cell necrosis, but also infertility, bone marrow suppression, secondary malignancy, and individual death. There are many reports to human genome or chromosomal injuries by radiation but few by chemotherapy. Therefore this study is designed for systemic evaluation of the frequency of chromosomal damage by chemotherapy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We performed evaluation of chromosomal aberration, sister chromatid exchange, and mitotic index were examined in 3 patient with NSCLC. Two of them were stage IIIb and the other one was stage IV. Venous blood was taken from patients before chemotherapy and one day after last administration of combination chemotherapy. Microscopic examination for chromosomal aberration, chromatid aberration, and SCEs was done after cell culture and FPG stain.
RESULTS
The incidence of chromatid break was 3 before chemotherapy and 26 after chemotherapy. The incidence of SCEs was 9.85 1.93 before chemotherapy and 40.47 7.12 after chemotherapy.
CONCLUSION
Incidence of chromatid break and SCEs increased after combination chemotherapy.

2,354 View
13 Download

Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Trisomy 9 Following Chemotherapy of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Sung Won Jang, Dae Hoon Lee, Ju Yun Choi, Hong Gi Kim, Min Ho Choi, Sun Woo Kim, Jung Gon Suh, Jong Youl Jin, Dong Jip Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):512-515.

Abstract PDF: A 56-year-old male patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma achieved complete remission in July 1994 after receiving MACOP-B chemotherapy. 29 months after treatment, acute myeloid leukemia (AML, FAB subtypes M4) with trisomy 9 was developed. To our knowledge this is the first report of therapy-related AML with trisomy 9.

2,950 View
20 Download

A Case of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia during Pregnancy: Jae Gyoon Lee, Sung Hyun Yang, Heung Tae Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):516-521.

Abstract PDF: The incidence of acute leukemia in pregnancy is rare. The treatment of acute leukemia during pregnancy is complicated and therapeutic options must be made with each individual patient. Complete remission can now be achieved in 60 to 70% of previously untreated adults with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Antileukemic chemotherapy can be administered safely during the second and third trimesters. Cytarabine (ara-C) and anthracycline has not been associated with birth defect. When a pregnant woman presents with acute leukemia, chemotherapy should be recommended as vigorously as in the non- pregnant woman. We reported a case of AML during pregnancy. The patient recieved induction chemotherapy with ara-C and idarubicin. The baby was delivered at 33 weeks of gestation and had transient neutropenia. The mother received consolidation chemotherapy after achievement of complete remission.

2,567 View
21 Download

A Case of Ovarian Mullerian Mucinous Papillary Cystadenoma of Borderline Malignancy: Jae Gyu Lee, Sam Hyun Cho, Seung Ryong Kim, Jung Bae Yoo, Kyung Tai Kim, Hyung Moon, Youn Yeoung Hwang, Seung Sam Paik, Eun Kyung Hong; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):522-527.

Abstract PDF: Ovarian mucinous cystadenoma of borderline malignancy was consisted of intestinal mucinous cystadenomas of borderline malignancy and Mullerian mucinous papillary borderline tumors. Mullerian mucinous papillary tumors was lined by mucinous epithelium of endocervical type and characterized by papillae architecturally similar to those of serous borderline tumors. These tumors have clinical and pathologic differences from those of intestinal mucinous cystadenomas of borderline malignancy.We report a case of ovarian Mullerian mucinous papillary cystadenomas of borderline malignancy with review of literature.

2,613 View
15 Download

A Case of the Pancreatic Pseudocyst due to Metastatic Malignant Melanoma: Bong Soo Chung, Jin Cheon Kim, Chang Sik Yu, Han Il Lee, Chang Nam Kim, Duck Jong Han, Gyeong Hoon Kang; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):528-533.

Abstract PDF: Malignant melanoma constitutes approximately 1% of all cancer (1,2). As the biologic behavior seems to be unpredictable, variation in the metastatic spread are not infrequently met. The common sites of metastasis are lymph nodes, lung, liver, brain, bone, heart, adrenal glands, and gastrointestinal tract in descending order (2). However multiple organ involvement is a common feature at the advanced stage. A 38-year-old male had developed pancreatic pseudocyst during the course of malignant melanoma at right sole. It was proven to be from matastatic malignant melanoma.

2,674 View
16 Download

A Case of Pyloric Obstruction Caused by Self-expandable Metallic Stent for Palliation of Malignant Dysphagia: Yeon Hee Park, Young Soo Do, Yoon Koo Kang, Nam Hyun Hur, Baek Yeol Ryoo, Tae You Kim, Young Hyuck Im, Jhin Oh Lee, Tae Woong Kang; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):534-539.

Abstract PDF: Placement of the self-expandable metallic stents for palliative treatment of malignant esophagogastric strictures has been thought to be easy, fast and effective method than conventional methods (bypass procedures, radiation therapy, laser treatment, esophageal intubation, etc.). The expandable metallic stent tubes were found to overcome some of the limitations of nonexpandable conventional tubes. Their implantation is better tolerated and safer than that of nonexpandable tubes, because the risks of migration and perforation are lower.On our knowledge, there has been no report of pyloric obstruction after this metallic stent insertion.We hereby report a case of pyloric obstruction caused by a migrated self-expandable metallic stent for palliative treatment of malignant esophageal stricture.

2,331 View
12 Download

A Case of Cryptococcal Meningitis in a Brest Cancer Patient with Liver Metastasis, Suffering from Herpes Zoster: Chul Woo Ahn, Wook Jin Chung, Beom Seok Kim, Se Hang Cho, Sun Young Rha, Hyun Cheol Chung, Joo Hang Kim, Jae Kyung Roh, Byung Soo Kim, Hee Jung Kim, Kwang Gil Lee; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(3):540-540.

Abstract PDF: Cryptococcosis is a relatively common mycosis of human caused by a worldwide Cryptococcus neoformans. Cryptococcosis occurs more frequently in immuno-compromised hosts such as patients with lymphoma, AIDS, leukemia and other debilitating diseases which manifest a condition of altered cell mediated immunity. Also cancer patients with anticancer chemotherapy are at high risk. Cryptococcosis is primarily a pulmonary disease that remains asymptomatic and unrecognised in most cases. Meningitic and meningoencephalitc forms are more frequently diagnosed because of their striking clinical symptoms.Meningoencephalitis is an uncommon form of cryptoccocosis that often leads to coma and death within a short time, if it is not quickly diagnosed and treated properly. The treatment of choice for the cryptococcosis consists of intravenous amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytocine. We report a case of cryptococcal meningitis in 47-year-old female breast cancer patient with liver metastasis after systemic chemotherapy. She complained headach, fever and diagnosed as cryptococcal meningitis after the India ink smear and culture of CSF. After treated with amphotericin B, her conditions were improved.

2,786 View
25 Download

Previous issues